Li Be N NeLi N NeBe

Li Be N NeLi Be N Ne

The Chemical Families

1. Metals Groups 1-12 plus 10 more elements

Lustrous – Shiny “metallic” appearance

Solids at room temperature – except mercury (Hg)

High melting points and high densities

Malleable (able to be hammered into shapes)

Ductile (able to be drawn into wire)

The Chemical Families

2. Alkali Metals Group 1 (except Hydrogen)

Soft, silver-colored metals

Lower densities than other metals

One loosely bound valence electron in outer shell

Highly reactive, especially with the halogens

The Chemical Families

3. Alkaline Earth Metals Group 2

Soft, silver-colored metals

Two valence electrons in the outer shell

The Chemical Families

4. Transition Metals Groups 3-12

Very hard metals

High melting and boiling points

High electrical conductivity

Malleable

The Chemical Families

5. Metalloids Semiconductors

B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te

Possess some characteristics of metals and some of nonmetals

Intermediate conductors of heat and electricity under certain conditions

The Chemical Families

6. Nonmetals Found in Groups 13-18, and Hydrogen

Gain electrons easily

Poor thermal and electrical conductors

Brittle solids

Little or no metallic luster, various colors

The Chemical Families

7. Halogens Group 17

Seven valence electrons (only one short of a stable octet)

Highly reactive, especially with alkali metals and alkaline earth metals

The Chemical Families

8. Noble Gas Group 18

Do not react easily with other elements

Complete valence shell (stable octet)

Low boiling points (all gases at room temperature)

Period #1234567

Group #

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

1 2 (# of valence electrons) 3 4 5 6 7 8

Alkali Metals

Alkaline Earth Metals

Transition Metals

Other Metals

Metalloids

Nonmetals

Halogens

Nobel Gases