Let the Data Talk (ALA LLAMA MAES keynote 2012)
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Transcript of Let the Data Talk (ALA LLAMA MAES keynote 2012)
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LET THE DATA TALK
ALA Anaheim 2012
LLAMA – MAES
Cory Lown
Digital Technologies Development Librarian
North Carolina State University Libraries
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16,500 BCE
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6,200 BCE
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950
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1637
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1786
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1991
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2005
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Computers are useless. They can only give you answers.
— Pablo Picasso
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Untitled Image Layout
• Image of something built
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Untitled Image Layout
• Image of a tool
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Psychophysics
The branch of psychology that studies the relationship between physical stimuli and mental response
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Sti
mulus
Sti
mulation
Perception
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9128732198432789543287
6784905043267812837698
7843928364382398731092
3478957438298374209123
0980934591283754845645
8934678238328009748349
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9128732198432789543287
6784905043267812837698
7843928364382398731092
3478957438298374209123
0980934591283754845645
8934678238328009748349
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Preattentive attributes
• Form– Orientation– Line length– Line width– Size– Shape– Curvature– Marks– Enclosure
• Color– Hue– Intensity
• Spatial Position– 2D
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Preattentive attributes
• Form– Orientation– Line length– Line width– Size– Shape– Curvature– Marks– Enclosure
• Color– Hue– Intensity
• Spatial Position– 2D
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Preattentive attributes
• Form– Orientation– Line length– Line width– Size– Shape– Curvature– Marks– Enclosure
• Color– Hue– Intensity
• Spatial Position– 2D
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THINGS TO THINK ABOUTAdvice from Tufte & Few
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“Above all else show the data”
– Edward Tufte
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Tables & Graphs
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Use Tables
When you will need to look up individual values
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Use Tables
When you will need to compare individual values
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Use Tables
When precise values are required
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Use Graphs
When the message is contained in the shape of values
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Use Graphs
When there is a large amount of data
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Types of Graphs
Different quantitative relationships require different forms of graphs. There are heuristics you can follow.
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Lines
Perfect for expressing change over time.
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Points
When you want to show whether two things are correlated use points.
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Bars
These are great for showing the rank of things.
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Bars
Also good for expressing part to whole relationships -- percentages.
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2D area
Use sparingly. This includes pie charts.
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Highlight the data
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Highlight the data by reducing non-data ink.
Be stingy with ink.
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Highlight the data by reducing non-data ink.
If I removed this would the graph lose meaning?
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Highlight the data by reducing non-data ink.
De-emphasize supporting components such as grid lines
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Highlight the data by enhancing data ink.
Emphasize the most important data by using width, orientation, size, enclosure, hue, color intensity.
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Highlight the data by enhancing data ink.
But don't overemphasize.
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Organize
Group, prioritize, and sequence data to help viewers understand.
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Too much data?
Try small multiples.
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TOOLS
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Untitled Image Layout
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http://selection.datavisualization.ch/
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READERS’ ADVISORY
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Edward Tufte
The Visual Display of Quantitative Information
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Stephen Few
Show Me the Numbers: Designing Tables and Graphs to Enlighten
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Christopher Healey
Perception in Visualization
http://www.csc.ncsu.edu/faculty/healey/PP/