Lessons from the life of Haggai, Zechariah & Malachi

College and Beyond

OLD TESTAMENT OVERVIEW AND HISTORY

THE LAW (5)GenesisExodus

LeviticusNumbers

Deuteronomy

HISTORY (12)JoshuaJudgesRuth

1 Samuel2 Samuel1 Kings2 Kings

1 Chronicles2 Chronicles

EzraNehemiah

Esther

POETRY & WISDOM (5)

JobPsalms

ProverbsEcclesiastes

Song of Songs

THE MAJORPROPHETS (5)

IsaiahJeremiah

LamentationsEzekielDaniel

THE MINOR PROPHETS (12)

HoseaJoel

AmosObadiah

JonahMicah

NahumHabakkukZephaniah

HaggaiZechariahMalachi

THE OLD TESTAMENT BOOKS

Chronology of the History Books

JOSHUA 1406-1380 BC JUDGES 1380-1050 RUTH 1200-1150

1 SAMUEL 1100-1010 2 SAMUEL 1010-971

1 KINGS 971-853 2 KINGS 853-560

1 CHRONICLES 1010-971 2 CHRONICLES 971-539

EZRA 539-450 NEHEMIAH 445-410

ESTHER 483-474

Chronology of the Persian PeriodPERSIAN KING DATES BIBLICAL CORRELATION

CYRUS 539-530 Return of Zerubbabel and Jeshua (Ezra 1-3)

CAMBYSES 530-522 Rebuilding at Jerusalem stopped (Ezra 4)

DARIUS I 522-486 Haggai and Zechariah prophesy (520)

Temple Completed (516) (Ezra 5-6)

XERXES 486-464 Story of Esther (Esther 1-9)ARTAXERXES I 464-423 Return of Ezra (458)

(Ezra 7-10)Return of Nehemiah (445)

(Nehemiah (1-2)Prophecy of Malachi (433)

THE LAW (5)GenesisExodus

LeviticusNumbers

Deuteronomy

HISTORY (12)JoshuaJudgesRuth

1 Samuel2 Samuel1 Kings2 Kings

1 Chronicles2 Chronicles

EzraNehemiah

Esther

POETRY & WISDOM (5)

JobPsalms

ProverbsEcclesiastes

Song of Songs

THE MAJORPROPHETS (5)

IsaiahJeremiah

LamentationsEzekielDaniel

THE MINOR PROPHETS (12)

HoseaJoel

AmosObadiah

JonahMicah

NahumHabakkukZephaniah

HaggaiZechariahMalachi

THE OLD TESTAMENT BOOKS

Chronology of the ProphetsTO ISRAEL TO JUDAH TO FOREIGN NATION

ASSYRIAN AGE Amos ca. 760Hosea ca. 760-730

Isaiah ca. 740-700Micah ca. 737-690

Jonah ca. 770

BABYLONIAN AGE Habakkuk ca. 630Zephaniah ca. 627

Jeremiah ca. 627-580Daniel ca. 605-530Ezekiel ca. 593-570

Nahum ca. 650

PERSIAN AGE Haggai ca. 520Zechariah ca. 520-

518Joel ca. 500

Malachi ca. 433

Obadiah ca. 500

Chronology of the Persian PeriodPERSIAN KING DATES BIBLICAL CORRELATION

CYRUS 539-530 Return of Zerubbabel and Jeshua (Ezra 1-3)

CAMBYSES 530-522 Rebuilding at Jerusalem stopped (Ezra 4)

DARIUS I 522-486 Haggai and Zechariah prophesy (520)

Temple Completed (516) (Ezra 5-6)

XERXES 486-464 Story of Esther (Esther 1-9)ARTAXERXES I 464-423 Return of Ezra (458)

(Ezra 7-10)Return of Nehemiah (445)

(Nehemiah (1-2)Prophecy of Malachi (433)

CYRUS539-530

Ezra1-4:5,24

CAMBYSES

530-522ARTAXERXES

464-424

Ezra 4:7-23Ezra 7-10

DARIUS522-486

Ezra 5-6

XERXES486-464

Ezra 4:6False accusations files

530 520 510 500 490 480 470 460600 500

538Templeprojectbegun

536 Workon

Templestopped

605 NebuchadnezzarRansacksJeruselum

597 Nebuchad.attacks Jeruselum;

clears Temple,takes everything;1st Deportation

586 2ndDeportation,

Nebuchadnezzarrburns Temple

to ground

5823rd

Deportation516

TempleCompleted

458Returnof Ezra

433Prophecyof Malachi

445Return ofNehemiah

486-464Story ofEsther

520 Work on Temple resumed byZerubbabel & Joshua, encouraged by

Haggai & Zechariah; Haggai & ZechariahProphesy

539Return of

Zerubbabel& Jeshua

HAGGAI

Haggai Outline

I. Appeal to rebuild the Temple 1:1-15A. The summons 1:1-11B. The beginning of work 1:12-15

II. The glory of the temple 2:1-9III. Promise and Prediction 2:10-19

A. Holiness and uncleanness 2:10-14B. A Promise for better times 2:15-19

IV. A Messianic oracle about Zerubbabel 2:20-23

Ezra 5:1-2

When the prophets, Haggai the prophet and Zechariah the son of Iddo, prophesied to the Jews who were in Judah and Jerusalem, in the name of the God of Israel, who was over them, 2 then Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel and Jeshua the son of Jozadak arose and began to rebuild the house of God which is in Jerusalem; and the prophets of God were with them supporting them.

Artaxerxes I

Haggai

Temple Completed

516 BC

Return under Ezra in the 4th Year of

Artaxerxes I

458 BC

Return under

Nehemiah

444 BC

KINGS OF PERSIA

Darius Hystaspes

Xerxes

Babylon Falls & Jews

allowed to return to the Land

539 BC

Cyrus

Cambyses

Zechariah

1:1-15 2:1-9 2:10-19 2:20-23

First Sermon Second Sermon

Third Sermon

People’s Work Prominent

God’s Work Prominent

Question: Twofold Response:

Question: Twofold Response:

Question: Twofold Response:

Closing words to Zerubbabel

People reluctant to restore covenant fellowship

People unconvinced of restoration possibilities

People unfit to take part in restoration

Zerubbabel as symbol of the people

Charge to begin Building

Encouragement to Finish

Outline

First Sermon 1:1-15

Question: Twofold Response:

Is it time for you to dwell in paneled homes while the House of the Lord is desolate?

The people showed reverence for the Lord.

They came and worked on the house of the LORD of hosts, their God

“Consider your ways…”• The people had a problem with priorities: Is it time for

you yourselves to dwell in your paneled houses while this house lies desolate? (1:4).

• The people were experiencing a dissatisfaction: You have sown much, but harvest little; you eat, but there is not enough to be satisfied; you drink, but there is not enough to become drunk; you put on clothing, but no one is warm enough; and he who earns, earns wages to put into a purse with holes (1:6).

“Consider your ways…”• The people were more concerned with their own

comforts than with the glory of the Lord: “Go up to the mountains, bring wood and rebuild the temple, that I may be pleased with it and be glorified,” says the LORD (1:8).

Second Sermon 2:1-9

Question: Twofold Response:

How does this Temple compare with the Former Temple?

The nations will come and I will fill this House with glory

The latter glory of this House will be greater than the former

Encouragement

• Encouraged by the Presence of God: “But now take courage, Zerubbabel,” declares the LORD, “take courage also, Joshua son of Jehozadak, the high priest, and all you people of the land take courage,” declares the LORD, “and work; for I am with you,” says the LORD of hosts. 5 As for the promise which I made you when you came out of Egypt, My Spirit is abiding in your midst; do not fear! (2:4-5).

Encouragement

• Encouraged by the Power of God: For thus says the LORD of hosts, 'Once more in a little while, I am going to shake the heavens and the earth, the sea also and the dry land. 7 And I will shake all the nations (2:6-7).

Encouragement

• Encouraged by the Possessions of God: “And I will shake all the nations; and they will come with the wealth of all nations; and I will fill this house with glory,” says the LORD of hosts. 8 The silver is Mine, and the gold is Mine,” declares the LORD of hosts (2:7-8).

• Encouraged by the Peace of God: “The latter glory of this house will be greater than the former,” says the LORD of hosts, “and in this place I shall give peace,” declares the LORD of hosts (2:9).

ZECHARIAH

EightVisions

Two Burdens

Four Horsemen

Four Chariots

Joshua the High Priest

Zerubbabel & the Lampstand

Measuring Line: Flee Babylon

Horns and Smiths: Judgment

Flying Scroll: Judgment

Woman and Basket: Shinar

A Call for True Justice

A Promise of Future Restoration

Two Sermons

Judgment on Enemies of Israel

The Coming of the Lord

1:18

12:1

1:1

2:1

3:1

4:1

5:1

5:5

6:1

7:1

8:1

9:1

Zechariah Revelation

Four horsemen/chariots (1 & 6)

Four horsemen (6)

Man with a measuring line measures Jerusalem (2:1-2)

Man with a rod measures the Temple Mount (11:1-2)

Picture of Satan ready to accuse Joshua the high priest (3:1)

Satan described as accusing the brethren (12:10)

Lampstand and two olive trees said to represent the two anointed ones (4:1-14)

Lampstand and two olive trees said to represent the two witnesses (11:3-12)

Flying scroll signifies the curse that is going over the land (5:1-3)

Seals of the book bring forth judgments upon the land (6:1-17).

Zechariah 1 Zechariah 6 Revelation 6

Four horsemen Four chariots Four horsemen

• Red • Red • Sorrel • White

• Red • White • Black • Dappled

• White • Red • Black • Ashen (Green)

Sent out by God to patrol the earth

Four spirits of heaven going out to patrol the earth

Called by the four living creatures around the throne

Zechariah 1:1-4

In the eighth month of the second year of Darius, the word of the LORD came to Zechariah the prophet, the son of Berechiah, the son of Iddo saying, 2 "The LORD was very angry with your fathers. Therefore say to them, 'Thus says the LORD of hosts, "Return to Me," declares the LORD of hosts, "that I may return to you," says the LORD of hosts. 4 Do not be like your fathers, to whom the former prophets proclaimed, saying, 'Thus says the LORD of hosts, "Return now from your evil ways and from your evil deeds."' But they did not listen or give heed to Me," declares the LORD.

Zechariah Lessons

The Lord wants people to come to him. “Thus says the LORD of hosts: Return to me, says the LORD of hosts, and I will return to you, says the LORD of hosts”(1:3). The fact that God was pleading with these people shows us that he wants people to come to him. The Lord is not a cruel God who wants people to be lost, but he wants people to be saved. Peter said, “[The Lord is] not wanting any to perish, but all to come to repentance” (2 Pet. 3:9).

Zechariah Lessons

The Lord removes guilt. “I will remove the guilt of this land in a singleday” (3:9). “On that day a fountain shall be opened for the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, to cleanse them from sin and impurity” (13:1). Not only does God want people to be saved, but he is able to do something about it. God can remove guilt. All one must do is turn to God in faith and obedience and his guilt will be removed.

Zechariah Lessons

The Lord does not hear the prayers of the rebellious. “Just as, when I called, they would not hear, so, when they called, I would not hear, says the LORD of hosts”(7:13). These people would not listen to the Word of God; therefore, God would not listen to their words. They called out to God, but because they were rebellious God would not honor their prayers. This does not mean that God could not hear their prayers; it means that he would not honor their prayers; he would not answer them. God does not hear the prayers of those living in rebellion.

Zechariah Lessons

The Lord does what he has promised. “Thus says the LORD of hosts: Just as I purposed to bring disaster upon you, when you ancestors provoked me to wrath, and I did not relent, says the LORD of hosts, so again I have purposed in these days to do good to Jerusalem and to the house of Judah; do not be afraid” (8:14-15). God promised to bring disaster, and he did so. He planned to do good in Jerusalem, and he did so. God still does what he has promised. God promised to save those who obey, and he will. God promised to destroy the world with fire, and he will. God keeps his promises.

Zechariah Lessons

The Lord protects his people. “The LORD of hosts will protect them, and they shall devour and tread down the slingers; they shall drink their blood like wine, and be full like a bowl, drenched like the corners of the altar” (9:15). When oppressors came, God would stand with his people and protect them. The oppressors could not prevail, for God was with his people. Today, God still protects his people. We cannot be tempted beyond our ability (1 Cor. 10:13). The Lord’s enemies cannot win (Rev. 17:14).

Zechariah Lessons

The Lord hates false teaching. “If any prophets appear again, their fathers and mothers who bore them will say to them, ‘You shall not live, for you speak lies in the name of the LORD’; and their fathers and their mothers who bore them shall pierce them through when they prophesy” (13:3). Here God shows the fate of false prophets--their parents would kill them. God does not wink at the teaching of those who lead his people astray. God hates false teaching. We need to understand that God hates false teaching today.

Zechariah 6:12-13

"Then say to him, 'Thus says the LORD of hosts, "Behold, a man whose name is Branch, for He will branch out from where He is; and He will build the temple of the LORD. 13 Yes, it is He who will build the temple of the LORD, and He who will bear the honor and sit and rule on His throne. Thus, He will be a priest on His throne, and the counsel of peace will be between the two offices."'

Fulfilled in Jesus

• His name is Branch• He will “branch out” (6:12)• He will build the Temple (6:13)• He will rule (6:13)• He will be both priest and king (6:13).• Those who are far off will come and build

the Temple (6:15)

Messianic Prophecies

• The Triumphal Entry: Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion! Shout in triumph, O daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your king is coming to you; He is just and endowed with salvation, Humble, and mounted on a donkey, Even on a colt, the foal of a donkey (Zechariah 9:9).

Messianic Prophecies

• Silver and the Potter's House: And I said to them, "If it is good in your sight, give me my wages; but if not, never mind!" So they weighed out thirty shekels of silver as my wages. 13 Then the LORD said to me, "Throw it to the potter, that magnificent price at which I was valued by them." So I took the thirty shekels of silver and threw them to the potter in the house of the LORD (Zechariah 11:12-13).

Messianic Prophecies

• The One who was Pierced: And I will pour out on the house of David and on the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the Spirit of grace and of supplication, so that they will look on Me whom they have pierced; and they will mourn for Him, as one mourns for an only son, and they will weep bitterly over Him, like the bitter weeping over a first-born (Zechariah 12:10).

Messianic Prophecies

• The Striking of the Shepherd: "Awake, O sword, against My Shepherd, And against the man, My Associate," Declares the LORD of hosts. "Strike the Shepherd that the sheep may be scattered; And I will turn My hand against the little ones." (Zechariah 13:7).

Zechariah Conclusion

•Zechariah says much about God, his nature, and what he expects from his people.

MALACHI

Outline

• God's love for Israel and her unfaithful response (1-2)

• The Day of the Lord and the purging of Israel (3-4)

1:1 God says: “I have

loved you” People answer: “How have you loved us?”

God has blessed Israel above other nations

1:6 God says: “If I am a father, where is my honor?”

People answer: “How have we despised your name?”

The people have not offered their best to the Lord

2:10 People ask: “If we are brothers, why do we deal treacherously with one another?”

The people have defrauded one another, especially in the area of divorce

2:17 God says: “You have wearied the Lord with your words”

People answer: “How have we wearied Him?”

The people have asked for justice, but have not acted justly.

3:1 Promise of a Coming Messenger.

3:6 God says: “Return to Me and I will return to you”

People answer: “How shall we return?”

The people are to bring the whole tithe into the storehouse

3:13 God says: “Your words have been arrogant against Me”

People answer: “What have we spoken against you?”

They have taken the attitude that it is vain to serve the Lord

3:16 Epilogue: Promise of Coming Judgment and Restoration

Malachi 2:16

The book of Malachi asks God seven questions. Those questions are:

•“How has thou loved us?” (1:2);

•“How have we despised thy name?” (1:6);

•“How have we polluted it [the altar]?” (1:7);

•“How have we wearied him?” (2:17);

•“How shall we return?” (3:7);

•“How are we robbing thee?” (318);

•“How have we spoken against thee?” (3:13).

Malachi 2:16

The book of Malachi also has several important lessons for modern man:

1. God will destroy the wicked (1:4).

2. God deserves honor (1:6).

3. God doesn’t approve of vain worship (1:6-7).

4. God would rather we not worship than worship improperly (1:10).

5. God’s name is great (1:11).

Malachi 2:16

6. God only accepts our best worship (1:14)

7. God created man (2:10)

8. God expects men to be faithful to their wives (2:14)

9. God hates divorce (2:16).

10. God prepares his paths (3:1).

Malachi 2:16

11. God’s judgment will be swift (3:5).

12. God does not change (3:6)

13. God expects people to give generously (3:8).

14. God blesses those who give generously (3:10)

15. God will spare from wrath those who serve him (3:17).

16. God will punish the arrogant and all evildoers (4:1).

Questions