Introduction

We use superlative adjectives to say if an object or a person has the most or the least of a

quality than all other objects or people.

long = longest

interesting = most interesting

Form

All superlative adjective have 'the' before them.

One syllable adjectives

To form the comparative of one syllable adjectives, add 'the' before the adjective and -est at the end.

tall - the tallest

small - the smallest

long - the longest

short - the shortest

light - the lightest

black - the blackest

Two or more syllable adjectives

To form the superlative of adjectives with more than one syllable, add 'the' and 'most' or 'least' before the adjective. Most is positive (+) and least is negative (-).

the most intelligent

the least generous

the most beautiful

the least difficult

the most interesting

the least amazing

Exceptions

Superlative adjectives have the same exceptions as comparative adjectives.

One syllable adjectives ending in -e

We add -st.

wide - the widest

nice - the nicest

simple - the simplest

large - largest

One syllable adjectives ending with one vowel and one consonant

We double the consonant and add -est.

big - the biggest

flat - the flattest

wet - the wettest

sad - the saddest

One syllable adjectives ending in -y

We replace the -y with an -i and add -est.

happy - the happiest

itchy - the itchiest

funny - the funniest

dirty - the dirtiest

Irregular Adjectives

good - the best

bad - the worst

far - the farthest/the furthest

Use

Use to describe a person or thing when compared to several other things:

Joe is the nicest colleague in the office.

This is the best coffee in Italy.

What is the longest river in theworld?

China has the largest population in the world.

Where is the closest subway station?

Introduction

We use the present simple tense to talk about habits, facts and repeated actions.

The present simple: I read.

Form

Singular Plural

I read we read

you read you read

she/he/it reads they read

Remember: he/she/it = "s" at the end of the base form

he/she/it =works NOT he/she/it work

my brother works

Jane works

I read books.

You play soccer.

Mary works very hard.

We sing together.

They listen to the radio.

Spelling changes in he/she/it form

-s/-sh/-ch + -s = -es

I pass = Jane passes

I finish = he finishes

I search = he searches

-o + last sound is a vowel sound (a, e, i, o, u) = -es

I go = she goes

I do = he does

-y + -s = -ies

I study = she studies

I try = she tries

Use

Use to talk about facts or things that are true in general:

I like tomatoes.

You live in New Jersey.

They are brothers.

Use to talk about repeated actions and habits:

I play tennis on Saturdays.

You drink tea.

We go to the movies every week.

They walk to work everyday.

Introduction

A lot of, many and a few are used with countable nouns.

A lot of means a large amount of something. 

A lot of people are at the concert. (800 people)

Many means a large number of things or people.

Many people take the subway to work in the city. (about 2 million people)

A few means a small amount of something. 

There are only a few cookies left. (3 or 4)

a lot of

Used with all types of nouns (countable and uncountable) in the positive, negative and question forms:

A lot of people speak English.

Not a lot of people like the snow.

Do you usually get a lot of presents for your birthday?

a lot of + plural countable noun:

There are a lot of houses on this street.

There are a lot of changes to make.

I read a lot of books.

Jane takes a lot of photographs.

"Lots of" can replace "a lot of" in positive sentences and questions:

Do you usually get lots of presents for your birthday?

I have lots of friends.

Many

Used with countable nouns in the positive, negative and question forms:

Do you buy many clothes?

No, I don't buy many CDs.

There are many cars on the road.

"Too many" is used when there is an excess of something (often gives a negative idea):

There are too many cars on the roads.

a few

A few= some but not many

a few + plural countable noun

There are a few women in the store. (2 or 3)

There are a few books on the shelf. 

Few

a Few (with no a) = almost no:

There are few apples left. ( almost no apples, maybe 1)

Few students like mathematics.

Don't confuse few = negative idea and a few = positive idea.

Mary has a few books. (She has some but not many)

Mary has few books. (She has almost none.)

We often use very and too to emphasise few:

Very few people liked it.

There are too few birds in the sky.

Introduction

We use the comparative form of adjectives to say if an object or a person has more or less of a

quality than the other object or person.

long = longer

interesting = more interesting

Form

One syllable adjectives

To form the comparative of one syllable adjectives, add -er.

tall - taller

small - smaller

long - longer

short - shorter

light - lighter

black - blacker

Two or more syllable adjectives

To form the comparative of adjectives with more than one syllable, add 'more' or 'less' before the adjective. More is positive (+) andless is negative (-).

more intelligent

less generous

more beautiful

less difficult

more interesting

less amazing

Exceptions

One syllable adjectives ending in -e

We add -r.

wide - wider

nice - nicer

simple - simpler

large - larger

One syllable adjectives ending with one vowel and one consonant

We double the consonant and add -er.

big - bigger

flat - flatter

wet - wetter

sad - sadder

One syllable adjectives ending in -y

We replace the -y with an -i and add -er.

happy - happier

itchy - itchier

funny - funnier

dirty - dirtier

Irregular adjectives

good - better

bad - worse

far - farther/further

Use

Use 'than' when we directly compare two objects or people.

John is taller than Mark.

An elephant is bigger than a mouse.

Sarah is more intelligent than Jade.

Helen is funnier than Tom.

This movie is shorter than the last one we watched.

He is nicer than you.

This car is less expensive than the red one.

Use to describe a person or thing when compared to something else:

New York is old, but Paris is older.

This restaurant has delicious food, but the food at the other restaurant is more delicious.

Is it cheaper to go by plane or by train?

resentación de gramática: El superlativo (7 /12)

Introduction

We use superlative adjectives to say if an object or a person has the most or the least of a quality than all other objects or people.

long = longestinteresting = most interesting

Form

All superlative adjective have 'the' before them.

One syllable adjectives

To form the comparative of one syllable adjectives, add 'the' before the adjective and -est at the end.

tall - the tallest

small - the smallest

long - the longest

short - the shortest

light - the lightest

black - the blackest

Two or more syllable adjectives

To form the superlative of adjectives with more than one syllable, add 'the' and 'most' or 'least' before the adjective. Most is positive (+) and least is negative (-).

the most intelligent

the least generous

the most beautiful

the least difficult

the most interesting

the least amazing

Exceptions

Superlative adjectives have the same exceptions as comparative adjectives.

One syllable adjectives ending in -e

We add -st.

wide - the widest

nice - the nicest

simple - the simplest

large - largest

One syllable adjectives ending with one vowel and one consonant

We double the consonant and add -est.

big - the biggest

flat - the flattest

wet - the wettest

sad - the saddest

One syllable adjectives ending in -y

We replace the -y with an -i and add -est.

happy - the happiest

itchy - the itchiest

funny - the funniest

dirty - the dirtiest

Irregular Adjectives

good - the best

bad - the worst

far - the farthest/the furthest

Use

Use to describe a person or thing when compared to several other things:

Joe is the nicest colleague in the office.

This is the best coffee in Italy.

What is the longest river in theworld?

China has the largest population in the world.

Where is the closest subway station?

monosílabos

Estos adjetivos forman el comparativo y el superlativo añadiendo er y est.

cheap (barato)long (largo)

cheaper comparativolonger comparativo

His car is faster than mine. (Su coche es más rápido que el mío.)

bisílabos o con más sílabas

De manera general, van precedidos de los adverbios more (comparativo) y de the

most (superlativo).

careful (prudente)modern (moderno)

more careful comparativomore modern comparativo

comfortable (confortable)interesting (interesante)

more comfortable comparativomore interesting comparativo

Their office building is more modern than ours. (Sus oficinas son más modernas que las

nuestras.)

Excepciones

Los adjetivos que terminan en y cambian la y por la i, formando así ier y iest .

early (pronto)easy (fácil)

earlier comparativoeasier comparativo

This exercise is easier than that one. (Este ejercicio es más fácil que ése.)

Formas irregulares del comparativo

Adjetivo Comparativo Superlativo Adjetivo Comparativo

good(bueno)

better the best

bad(malo)

worse

far(lejos)

further / farther

That's the worst presentation I've ever seen. (Es la peor presentación que he visto

nunca.)