Lessons 16 Terms and Signs

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    Theory of Music

    Grade 3

    Lesson 16 Terms & Signs

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    SPEED

    Largamente broadly Larghetto - rather broadly

    Prestissimo extremely fast, or as fast as possible

    Con moto with movement

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    INTENSITY OF SOUND

    Calando getting softer and slower Morendo dying away

    forte-piano (fp) loud then immediately soft

    sforzando (sf) a strong accent

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    Other directions for performance

    AGITATO - with agitation

    ATTACA go on at once

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    ANIMATO - with animation

    TRANQUILLO calmly

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    CON ANIMA - with feeling

    CON BRIO with spirit

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    CON GRAZIA - with grace

    CON FORZA with force

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    BEN MARCATO - well marked

    MAIN DROITE (M.D.) right hand

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    MAIN GAUCHE (M.G.) - left hand

    UNA CORDA with the soft pedal (one string)

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    TRE CORDA - release soft pedal (three strings)

    AD LIBITUM at pleasure quiet freely

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    8va - an octave higher

    LOCO at the normal pitch after playing an octave higher

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    Opus - a work or a group of works

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    M.M - Maelzels metronome. The metronome is anapparatus which can be adjusted to beat time at various

    speeds. Maelzel is the inventor, and Beethoven was the first

    composer to mark his compositions with metronome speeds.

    M.M. = 60 means that there are to be 60 crotchets to the

    minute.

    Worlds Largest Metronome in Prague