Lesson 7Chapters 9 and 10

Audio, Visual, and Digital Technologies in Teaching

After this lesson, the learner will be able to . . .

Define listening, focused listening, hearing, visual, visual communication, multimedia

Justify using audio, visual, and digital technologies in instruction

Give examples of traditional audio media and digital audio media

List the design elements in an effective visual Give examples of projected and non-projected

visuals

Cont. . . . List different ways multimedia can be used in

teaching and learning Give examples of traditional video technologies,

digital video technologies, and Internet video and their educational application

Describe the considerations for implementing video in instruction

Key Terms

Listening Focused listening Hearing Visual Visual communication Multimedia

Exhibits CD Models Real Objects Talking Book Transparency

Working in groups, share with the class the textbook definition of the terms above.

Technologies in Education

Audio—addresses the needs of the auditory learner and adds dimension to instruction for all learners

Visual—content is articulated, clarified, and enhanced visually

Digital—continue to replace traditional audio/visual media

Why use audio, visual, and digital technologies in teaching?

Engage more of the learners sensesBuild multiple cognitive connection to the

contentAddress the auditory or visual strengths

of many students

Give some examples of technologies you have seen used in college or school classrooms.

Listening vs Focused Listening

Listening—being able to hear and comprehend auditory stimuli

Hearing—the physical process of correctly receiving clear, audible sounds

Focused Listening—Giving one’s full attention to an auditory stimulus

What are some things teachers can do to ensure students are focused listening?

Traditional Audio Media

How would YOU use these technologies in your classroom?

Cassette tapesReinforce instruction/practice

Broadcast audioNational Public RadioNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

(weather service broadcasts)

Digital Audio Media

Optical Media CDs and DVDs

Internet Audio Download/store what you need rather than buying CD

Internet Radio Live and recorded programs from around world Can enhance language, social studies, science, etc. Can be broadcast for entire class, group, or individual

How would YOU use these technologies in your classroom?

Visual Technologies

Educators must select the most effective and appropriate visual technology for the content under study. Lever-Duffy, p. 294.

Types of Visuals Non-projected

Real objects, models, exhibits, printed materials, photos Projected

Overhead projector/transparency, digital projector, document camera

Elements of Effective Visual Design

Relevance Coherence Consistency

Proportion Contrast Unity and Direction

The same guidelines for creating effective transparencies are applicable to posters, flyers, slideshows, and/or other visuals.

Minimal text (7 lines by 7 words) Eliminate unnecessary detail Include simple graphics that add interest

Multimedia in Teaching and Learning

Multimedia includes text, graphics, audio, and/or video

Video clip with sound

Simple clipart

Photograph

Traditional Video Technologies

Broadcast video Television (including instructional television)

Cablecast video Cable channels that offer instructional programming

Recorded video technologies VCRs and camcorders

Capture video images of field trips, your teaching, etc. Record special events, reports, debates, documentaries Create a video historical or cultural archive of the school or

community

Digital Video Technologies

Captures and displays high quality sounds and images DVDs Digital video camera Compressed video systems

Bring live, fully interactive instruction from one location to the next

Distant guest speakers visit classrooms without travel Image and sound are as clear as broadcast vides Both locations must have appropriate equipment Particularly useful for distance learning

Internet Video

Internet Broadcasts Live events and performances

Musicals, interviews, scientific or historic events Live Cams

A camera connected to a computer that is connected to the Internet

Internet Meetings Face to face meetings with people around the world Classes can meet in a single virtual classroom to share

ideas, experience instruction, and communicate

Implementing Video in Instruction

Preplan Preview and evaluate video before presentation

Prepare the environment AND the students Make the video relevant to the students

Pre-post test Study guides Questions/discussion after video Note-taking requirements Inform students that test will include questions from

video Follow all copyright laws and fair use guidelines

REMEMBER . . .

The power of the Internet can put the world body of knowledge quite literally at one’s fingertips. A computer in a classroom can be an endlessly patient and positive tutor. An audio recording of a children’s story can encourage the development of good listening skills and meet the needs of auditory learners, and a nature video can bring the most remote corner of the world into the classroom. Lever-Duffy, p. xxvii