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Social Action Perspectives

Also known as interprevitismMicro Sociology

Interpretism sociologists who look at how people interpret the worldaround them (ie: half empty or half full)

Miro small scale studyMacro large scale study

Social action ! variations") Social action#) Sym$olic interactionism%) Phenomenology!) &thnomethodology

Ma' e$er (ay*+ah) e'plaining capitalism

People hold meaning a$out the world an consciously act on the$asis of those meanings

e$er saw $ehaviour in terms of the meaning people attach to

actions

erstehen the aim of sociological investigation should $e thecreation of an understanding of the meanings,motives and valuesinvolved in social action

-etting $ehind peoples actions. /nding out why they do what they

do ") 0apitalism $egan set of ideas

#) 0alvinism (protestant 0hristianity) makes you feel guilty an'iety. god likes hard work protestant work ethic. all work is holy.emphasise on community 123 family. there aren4t miracles disenchantment of world. 5&P&13 36527-6 258. 9on4t changethe world through war,revolution $ut through ideas,meetings

%) 0apitalism development pro$lem not material communismcountries cultural change

!) e$er $elieved in three types of power:

o 3raditional Authority religiono 0harismatic authority 6itlero +ureaucratic authority knowledge power. Ashley Madison.

face$ook. hackers

Ideas more important than money,tools

Sym$olic interactionism

;ocuses on small scale interactions rather than on social structure

6ow meanings are constructed through social interactions

People have a degree of control,in

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6er$ert +lumer titles ito Action. depends on meaning

o Meanings from social interaction di=erent things for di=erent

peopleo Meanings an change in everyday life

Meaning action. change. di=erent

Interaction modify your $eliefs

-eorge 6er$ert Mead

People de/ne and interpret the world through the meanings theyattach to it

5eality is a S7+>&03I& reality

Meanings people hold are constructed from and communicated inthe form of sym$ols

Social life is a constant stream of sym$olic communication withmeanings $eing constantly negotiated and re*negotiated

People can do this $y $eing a$le to ?take the role of the other4

-o=man

9ramaturgical analogy life is like a stage

As in the theatre. roles are not /'ed@ People can interpret their rolesin many di=erent ways@

People are aware they are doing this and life is a process of ?self*presentation4

e use props. stages. etc to control how we appear to others@ 3hisis made possi$le $y our a$ility to see ourselves@

Asylums participant o$servation institutionalised ?dis*

cultureilisation4 ?notion of self4

+ecker

a$elling theory society la$elling $ased upon agreed norms(terrorist 25 freedom /ghter)

Self*ful/lling prophecy

Master status

9eviance is socially constructed $y reaction ($ased on culture) not

action

Pos,neg in di=erent cultures

5o$in 6ood (criminal hero)

Primary initial violence of social norm

Master status overpowering status that takes over identity

People love la$els and usually ful/l their own

Phenomology SchutB

Internal working of the human mind and the way humans make

sense of and classify the world around them

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e have a series of typi/cation (categories) we use to organise theworld as we see it

e have a store of common sense knowledge which helps ineveryday interactions

&thnomethodology -ar/nkel Study of methods used $y people to construct and account for and

give meaning to their social world (Atkinson and the methodscoroners used in suicide)

7nwritten rules govern everyday situations

9eny there is a real thing called society with a structure. instead weactively construct out social world every time we interact withothers

0onversation analysis. naturalistic. e'periments

&valuation here do meanings,la$els come fromC

3he similarity of meanings and la$els suggest they come from asocial structure

If individuals have such in