Lesson 3. Review of Lesson 2 בּ Qamets a as in father long vowel.
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Transcript of Lesson 3. Review of Lesson 2 בּ Qamets a as in father long vowel.
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Lesson 3
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Review of Lesson 2
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בQamets a as in father long
vowel
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בTsere e as in they long
vowel
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בHolem o as in role long
vowel
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בPatach a as in father short
vowel
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בSeghol e as in better short
vowel
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בHireq i as in bitter short
vowel
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בQamets
Hatuf o as in bottle shortvowel
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בQibbuts u as in ruler short
vowel
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בHatephPatach a as in amuse reduced
vowel
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בHatephSeghol e as in metallic reduced
vowel
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בHatephQamets o as in commit reduced
vowel
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בSheva a as in maroon OR silent
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ובHolem
vav o as in roleunchangeable
longvowel
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ובShureq u as in ruler
unchangeablelong
vowel
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Syllabification
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Two Rules of Syllabification
• Every syllable must begin with one consonant and have only one vowel.
• There are only two types of syllables: open and closed. • Open syllables end with vowel• Closed syllables end with a consonant
ר׀ד� ב�
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Hebrew Accents• Hebrew words are usually accented (stressed) on the last syllable
• English generally stresses the first syllable•
Compare ‘David’ to ד ו ד�
• Compare ‘Hebrew’ to י ר ב ע• Some Hebrew words are stressed on a different syllable and are an
marked with an accent symbol � ׀פ�ס�ר
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Syllable ClassificationTonic Pretonic Propretonic
ר פ� � ס� ים ר פ� ס
ים׀פ�׀ס �ר רס� ׀פ�
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The Daghesh and Syllabification• The Daghesh Lene does not affect syllabification.
• The Daghesh Forte, however, does affect syllabification because it doubles the value of the consonant.
• ה ת� ה (tav is rendered twice) א� את׀ת�• Since the Taw (ת) is doubled, it functions both as the final
consonant of the first syllable and the first consonant of the second syllable
• ה ל� פ ➣ ת ה ל׀ל� ׀פ ת
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Dagesh Lene or Forte?• The Daghesh in a begadkephat is a Forte if preceded by a
vowel (ה ת� .(preceded by the Pathach vowel ,א�
• The Daghesh in a begadkephat is a Lene if preceded by a consonant (ה כ� ל .(with Silent Shewa ל preceded by ,מ�
• A begadkephat letter at the beginning of a word takes a
Daghesh Lene unless the previous word ends in a vowel (ר ב� ,ד�with Daghesh Lene begins the word).
ת
כ
ד
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The Shewa and Syllabification
• The Vocal Shewa• Vocal if not immediately preceded by a short vowel
• Initial Shewa is always as in ה כ� ר� ב• The 2nd of two side by side shewa’s is vocal י ט� פ ש מ• A Shewa under any consonant with Daghesh Forte is
vocal as in ים כ ל� מ ה�• A Shewa after an unaccented long vowel is vocal, as in
ים ב כ'ת
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The Shewa and Syllabification
• The Silent Shewa• Silent if the previous vowel is short• The first of two contiguous (side-by-side) Shewas within
a word is silent
• A Shewa at the end of a word is silent, as in ת ב � ת� כ�• Shewa under a gutteral is always silent
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דו ל ו� י and they were born ו�
Practice
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א בהאו י ת א הות יךהלהל כב ךבבל
The V’ahavta��
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Vocabulary List
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ם אד�man, mankind, Adam
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ץ ר� א��land, earth, ground
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ים לה א7God, gods, mighty ones
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אבfather, ancestor
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ל א�God, god
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ן ב�son
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ית ב��house, household
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ר ב� ד�word, matter, thing
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יוםman, mankind, Adam
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ל א� ר� ישIsrael
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ם ל�� רוש� יJerusalem
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ה הו� יYahweh, Yahveh
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ים � ר� צ מEgypt
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ה מ'ש�Moses, Mosheh
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ך ל� � מ�king, ruler
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סוסhorse
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ד ב� ע��slave, servant
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ע'ה ר פ�Pharaoh
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ה נ� ש�year
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ם ש�name, reputation
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לום ש�Shalom!
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Hebrew in the HomeHebrew in the Home