Lesson 2: Spain’s Empire in the AmericasDo Now: List as many countries in Europe

as you can

Obj: Analyze Cortez Conquering of the Aztec Resistance to Spain’s Empire in the Americas“What is History” Reading

HW: Split Page Notes Pgs. # 42-48

Spain’s Empire in the AmericasChapter 2Section 1

The American Colonies Emerge

Vocabulary Hernando CortezConquistadorNew SpainMestizoEncomiendaJuan Ponce de LeonNew MexicoPope

Spain claims a New EmpireHernando Cortez:

After landing in Mexico learns of wealth of Aztec

Marches his men 200 miles to the interior of Mexico

Convinces other Mexican people to join his ranks

Upon arrival his men are in awe of the city Tenochtitlan

Spain Claims a New Empire (cont) Aztec emperor

Montezuma believes Cortez is armored godBargains to give Cortez a

share of the gold in Tenochtitlan

“a disease of the heart that only gold can cure” – Cortez

Cortez forced the Aztec mine for more gold

1520 Aztec able to rebel and force the Spanish outHowever; unable to cope

with disease like small pox and measles

Cortez able to counter and burn Tenochtitlan; Aztec surrender

Build colony of New Spain and capital Mexico City on top of ruins

Spanish Model for ConquestWhile establishing new empire in the

Americas Spain used techniques from the re-conquest of Spain from the Moor’s in the 1400s

Spanish penisulares would marry native women Creating a large mestizo population

While living among the Natives they forced them to work in a labor system called encomienda1542 the Spanish monarchy put an end to encomienda; which led to Spaniard’s to use African slaves instead

“Tell me, by what right or justice do you hold these Indians in such a cruel and horrible servitude?..Why do you keep them so oppressed and exhausted, without giving them enough to eat or curing them if the sickness they incur from the excessive labor you give them?...Are you not bound to love them as you love yourself? Don’t you understand this? Don’t you feel this?

- Father Fray Antonio de Montesinos 1511

The Conquistadors Push North Hopes of finding more gold and fears of

other European nations coming to the American empire push Spain north

Spanish explores pushed into present day Florida, Arizona, Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Kansas (1540-1610)

Explores looked for new reserves of gold and silver and also to spread Roman Catholicism

Resistance to Spanish RuleConflict in New Mexico

While trying to convert N.A. priests would destroy sacred objects of the Native American culture

1670- in Santa Fe priests and soldiers started forcing a tribute on the Native Americans

Any N.A. that practiced their native religion or failed to pay the tribute was beaten

Popè’s RebellionPopè: Native Pueblo religious leader in the

South west USSpanish priests punished Popè for his

religious beliefs, calling them witchcraftHe was savagely whipped 1680 he led a rebellion of 17,000 men

against the Spanish in New MexicoFollowers burned churches, executed priets,

and drove the Spanish out.

Reminders HW: SPN Chapter 2 Section 1

Leave it better than you found it!!!!