Lesson 2 November 1 st, 2010. Defence Mechanisms Techniques you used to protect yourself from...
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Transcript of Lesson 2 November 1 st, 2010. Defence Mechanisms Techniques you used to protect yourself from...
Lesson 2November 1st, 2010
Defence Mechanisms
Techniques you used to protect yourself from being hurt emotionally.
Using repeatedly is not good for one’s health as it avoids facing the issue.
Common Defence Mechanisms Mechanism Description Examples
Compensation
Covering a weakness by over achieving in another area
Focusing all your attention on sports because you think you are a better athlete than student
Daydreaming
Escaping from an unpleasant situation by using your imagination
In the dentist’s chair you focus on the fun you’ll have over the weekend because you hate being at the dentist
Mechanism Description Examples
Denial Failure to except reality
Refusing to accept the death of a close friend or relative; refusing to accept that you relationship with a romantic friend is over.
Displacement
The transfer of negative feelings about someone else
You are very angry with your mother and you take that anger out on your siblings
Common Defence Mechanisms
Mechanism Description Examples
Projection Putting (projecting) negative feelings on someone else
Blaming your teacher for failing a test you did not study for.
Rationalization Justifying irrational behaviour
Not doing your homework one evening because you feel you’ve spent too much time on schoolwork
Common Defence Mechanisms
Mechanism Description Examples
Reaction formation
Expressing emotions that are the exact opposite of what you feel
Acting like a clown in a group to hide your shyness
Regression Using childlike ways of expressing emotions like anger or disappointment
Throwing a tantrum when you don’t get to watch your favourite TV program
Common Defence Mechanisms
Mechanism Description Examples
Sublimation Redirecting bad or unacceptable behaviour into positive behaviour
Channelling your aggression into a athletic sport where aggressive behaviour is accepted.
Somatization Converting emotions into bodily symptoms
Getting stomach cramps every time final exams are scheduled.
Common Defence Mechanisms
Promoting Positive Mental and Emotional Health Everyone from time to time will be
affected by problems in their life that get them down.
There are strategies that you can use in these situations to stay mentally healthy
Self Esteem
Feeling good about yourself and the things you do
Gives sense of confidence Make a list of things you do well Pay attention to positive aspects in
your life
Self Esteem
Use positive self talk Talk to yourself in a positive way –
I’m really good at this Avoid all negative self talk
Self Esteem
Be good at something Developing your skill in whatever
you are good at will make you more confident
Self Esteem
Resist peer pressure The more you make decisions based
on what you think and not others the more confident you will become.
Self Esteem
Accept yourself Appreciate yourself and believe in your
worth Realistically assess your strengths
and weaknesses Do not judge yourself by unrealistic
standards Be ok with who you are right now Only expend energy on changing things
you have control over.
Self Esteem
Use I statements Take responsibility for your feelings
and words by using “I” statements
Act with Integrity When you have self confidence you
will be able to better help those who have lower self confidence.
Sense of Control
High self esteem gives you a sense of control internal locus of control
Those with low self esteem feel that events affecting them are beyond their control. - External locus of control
The reality is that you will always have some control in your life
Self Concept
The current mental image you have of yourself
Rating your level of self esteem requires you to evaluate how you look at yourself as a person.
Self-ideal – The mental image of what you would like to be. If you self-ideal is realistic, set goals
to reach it.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Psychologist Abraham Maslow first
introduced his concept of a hierarchy of needs in 1943. This hierarchy suggests that people are motivated to fulfill basic needs before moving on to other needs.
The lowest levels of the pyramid are made up of the most basic needs, while the more complex needs are located at the top of the pyramid. Once the lower-level needs have been met, people can move on to the next level of needs.
Types of Needs Satisfying lower-level needs is
important in order to avoid unpleasant feelings or consequences.
1. Physiological needsThe most basic needs
that are vital to survival
Need for water, air, food and sleep.
All needs become secondary until these physiological needs are met.
2.Security Needs Needs for safety and
security. These needs are important for survival, but they are not as demanding as the physiological needs.
Desire for steady employment, health insurance,
Safe neighbourhoods Shelter from the
environment
Growth needs do not stem from a lack of something, but rather from a desire to grow as a person.
3. Social Needs Needs for belonging,
love and affection. Less basic than physiological and security needs.
Relationships such as friendships, romantic attachments and families help fulfill this need for companionship and acceptance
4. Esteem Needs These include the need
for things that reflect on self-esteem, personal worth, social recognition and accomplishment.
The need for respect, status, recognition, fame, prestige and attention.
The need for self respect, competence, mastery, self confidence, independence and freedom.
5. Self-actualizing Needs This is the highest level
of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Self-actualizing people are self-aware, concerned with personal growth, less concerned with the opinions of others and interested fulfilling their potential.
In order to reach this state all other levels must not only be met but mastered
Questions – hand in
1. Why do people use defence Mechanisms? I (1)2. How are Esteem Needs related to Self-ideal? I
(1)3. Why is self esteem important to you? I (1)4. How can someone increase their self esteem? I
(1)5. Do you think that the ideas behind Maslow’s
Hierarchy of needs should be used more in this school?-Example: breakfast programs, self help group. I(2)