Lesson 17. Domains and Active Directory. Objectives At the end of this Presentation, you will be...
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Transcript of Lesson 17. Domains and Active Directory. Objectives At the end of this Presentation, you will be...
![Page 1: Lesson 17. Domains and Active Directory. Objectives At the end of this Presentation, you will be able to:](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ddd5503460f94ad53e6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Lesson 17. Domains and Active Directory
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Objectives
At the end of this Presentation, you will be able to:
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• Compare and contrast how Windows NT Server and Windows 2000 family Server handle domains.
• Define Directory Services and Active Directory.
• Explain how Active Directory is installed in Windows 2000/2003 Server.
• Define replication.
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Network+ Domains covered:
• 3.1• 3.11• 4.4• 4.4
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Terms used with Windows NT based Networks
• Domains• Primary Domain Controller (PDC)• Backup Domain Controller (BDC)
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The Security Account Manager (SAM)
• Database of all users, passwords, permissions, etc.
• A read/writeable copy is stored in the PDC.• A read only copy is stored in the BDC.• Changes are written to the PDC.• The PDC periodically updates the BDC.
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Windows 2000/2003 Server
• Does not have Primary Domain Controllers or Backup Domain Controllers.
• However, it still uses Domain Controllers but on a peer basis.
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In a Windows 2000 Server family based network, servers can be:
• Domain Controllers • Member servers
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Domain Controllers
• Have Active Directory installed and configured.
• Provide network authentication.• Have copies of the Active Directory
database.• Multiple Domain Controllers are allowed
with Windows 2000 Server.
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Changes to the Active Directory database are
propagated to all Domain Controllers through a process
called replication.
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Advantages
• Fault tolerance.• Faster response.
Disadvantage
• More network traffic.
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Member Servers
• Not involved in authentication.• They can provide services such as file and
print services, firewall, applications, etc.
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NOS Directory Services
• Refers to the way the resources on the network are organized.
• Directory Services manages resources from multiple servers as if they were one data base.
• This not only includes resources such as files, folders, and printers, but information like user names, passwords, and groups, as well.
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With stand-alone servers each server’s user and account data
base must be managed separately.
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With Directory Services based servers all servers’ user and
account information is in one data base.
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Unix Directory Service
• Unix’s implementation of directory services is called Network Information System, or NIS.
• A single user and password file is maintained by an NIS server.
• The NIS server copies the user and password data from the other computers in the network.
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NetWare Directory Services
• Prior to version 4, NetWare used Bindery as a form of directory services
• Beginning with version 4, Netware uses directory services called NetWare Directory Services, or NDS.
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NDS Structure
• Tree – A major collections of objects under a single heading.
• Context – The object’s position within the directory tree.
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Microsoft’s implementation of directory services is called
Active Directory.
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Active Directory
• Makes the network easier to manage.• Aids users in finding network resources.
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NetWare Directory Service
Microsoft’s Active Directory
• Trees• Context
• Objects and Attributes• Containers• Domains• Trees• Forests
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• Domain Name Service (DNS) names• User Principle Names (UPN)• Distinguished Names• HTTP URL Names• UNC Names• Globally Unique Identifier (GUID)• NetBIOS
Windows 2000 Naming Systems
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Domain Name Service (DNS) names
• Used by the Internet.• Example:
bbear. users.heathkit.com
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User Principle Names (UPN)
• A “user friendly” naming system often used as an email address.
• Example: [email protected]
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Distinguished Names
• Used by LDAP to communicate with Active Directory.
• Example: CN=Bob Bear, OU=Engineering, O=Heathkit, C=US
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HTTP URL Names
• The naming system used by the world wide web.• Example:
http://heathkit.com/html/ezs703.html
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Universal Naming Convention (UNC)
• An Industry Standard that provides a common syntax for naming computer resources.
• Should work across platforms such as Windows, NetWare, and Unix.
• Example:
\\SERVERNAME\SHARENAME
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Globally Unique Identifier (GUID)
• 128-bit number • Assigned to every object in Active
Directory• Never changes no matter what the object is
named or renamed• Unique in all the world
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NetBIOS names
• For backward compatibility with Windows NT and other prior versions of Windows.
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Installing Active Directory
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Windows NT Server
Primary Domain Controller (PDC)
Backup Domain Controller (BDC)
Master CopyOf SAM
Backup CopyOf SAM
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Primary Domain Controller (PDC)
Backup Domain Controller (BDC)
Master CopyOf SAM
Backup CopyOf SAM
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Windows 2000 Server
Master CopyOf Directory
Master CopyOf Directory
Master CopyOf Directory
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Master CopyOf Directory
Master CopyOf Directory
Master CopyOf Directory
Replication
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• Compare and contrast how Windows NT Server and Windows 2000 family Servers handle domains.
• Define Directory Services and Active Directory.
• Explain how Active Directory is installed in Windows 2000/2003 Server.
• Define replication.