Lesson 12: Monasticism and the Spread of Christianity
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Transcript of Lesson 12: Monasticism and the Spread of Christianity
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Lesson 12: Monasticism Lesson 12: Monasticism and the Spread of and the Spread of
ChristianityChristianity
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THE AGE OF JESUS AND THE APOSTLES (30-70)
THE AGE OF EARLY CHRISTIANITY (70-303)
THE AGE OF THE CHRISTIAN EMPIRE (312-590)
THE CHRISTIAN MIDDLE AGES (590-1517)
THE AGE OF REFORMATION (1517-1648)
THE AGE OF REASON AND REVIVAL (1648-1781)
THE AGE OF PROGRESS (1789-1914)
THE AGE OF IDEOLOGIES (1914-PRESENT)
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MONASTICISIMMONASTICISIM
THE AGE OF THE CHRISTIAN EMPIRE (312-590)
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MONASTICISM IN RELIGIOUS HISTORY
Oriental
Hellenistic
PHILOSOPHICAL BACKGROUND OF MONASTICISIM
Pagan Gnostic dualism
Catholic Christian
MONASTICISM IN THE BIBLE
Alleged Biblical examples
All are either a misuse of Old Testament examples ora misinterpretation of singular New Testament actions
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MONASTIC CONFLICTS WITH THE GOSPELIt is not missionary in vision
Divided Christianity into two groups:
SACERDOTALISM
“The elevation of a priesthood above the laity”
REASONS FOR THE MONASTIC MOVEMENT
Secular The Roman Empire was falling apart!
Spiritual It became a substitute for martyrdom
“It places the great problem of Christianity not in the transformation, but in the abandonment of the world”
Schaff, Vol. 3, p 159
Those aspiring to perfection
Those who were content with apparent ‘compromise’
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GEOGRAPHICAL AREA FOR MONASTICISIM
West
THREE PEROIDS OF MONASTIC DEVELOPMENT
1. ASCETIC PERIOD
2. THE HERMIT OR EREMITICAL PERIOD
eremia desert Religious recluse
Paul of Thebes
East
anchorite ‘withdrawn’
Anthony
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Helen Waddell
The Desert Fathers
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Questions:• How can these men be held in high regard by the Roman Catholic Church when they forsook all of the means of grace offered by the Church?
• Though the piety of some hermits is to be admired, their lack of Biblical basis and practice is to be deplored
3. THE CENOBITIC PEROID OF MONASTICISM
“An association of a number of anchorets (eremitics) of the same sex for mutual advancement in ascetic holiness” Schaff, Vol. 3, p. 157
Koinos bios “common life”
Pacomius and the Pacomian Monasteries
Basil of Caesarea
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Martin of Tours
Keepers of the cloak
capella
cappallani
chapel
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Jerome
Latin Vulgate
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4. Benedictine Era of Monasticism
Benedict of Nursia
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Conclusions:Conclusions:
Men of prayer Men of prayer Opus DeiOpus Dei Work of learning and Work of learning and
good worksgood works Missions, especially Missions, especially
in the Eastin the East
Two levels of Two levels of spiritualityspirituality
Salvation by worksSalvation by works
Separation: good & bad
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The Spread of ChristianityThe Spread of Christianity
Persia
Jacob of Nisibis
Aphrahat the Persian
Ephraim the Syrian
The Demonstrations
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Axum or Ethiopia
Africa
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Nubia or modern Sudan