Lesson 10 Part 1: Introduction CCLS Using Details to...

©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted.93L10: Using Details to Support Inferences in Literary Texts

Part 1: Introduction

You make inferences every day. For example, suppose you tell a joke to your family. They look at you in confusion and shrug their shoulders. You make an inference, or “educated guess,” that they didn’t get the joke. To make this inference, you used clues or details, such as the look of confusion and shrugged shoulders. You also used your background knowledge—knowing that some people don’t have the same sense of humor that you do.

What’s going on in the minds of the characters in this cartoon? Draw arrows pointing to anything that helps you decide what they’re thinking about the man’s new recipe.

What’scooking?

It’s a new recipe. Tell me what you think!

Use the chart below to help you make an inference about how the new recipe tastes.

Details from Cartoon What You Know Inference

• Themaniscooking.• Themanoffersasample.

• Aftertryingthefood,the

woman

.

• Facesshowemotions.• Thewoman’sfacesuggests

.

• Theman’sfacesuggests

.

The new recipe tastes

.

Alwayssupportyourinferenceswithdetailsfromthetext.Authorsmightnotalwaystellyou everything, but they usually tell you enough so you can figure out what’s going on.

Theme: Round Table Legends

Using Details to Support Inferences in Literary Texts

Lesson 10

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CCLS RL.5.1: Quote accurately from a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text.

Lesson 10Part 2: Modeled Instruction

©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted.

L10: Using Details to Support Inferences in Literary Texts94

Read the start of a story about Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.

Explore how to answer this question: “Why is Sir Gawain so quick to protect King Arthur?”

The author doesn’t say why Sir Gawain is protecting the king. You have to make a guess based on text evidence and your prior knowledge.

Study the chart below. Based on the details from the story and what you know, why do you think Sir Gawain protects Arthur? Complete the third column with your inference.

Details from Story What I Know Inference

• TheGreenKnightisdescribedas “mysterious.”

• TheGreenKnight’s“challenge”is strange.

• Axesaredangerous.• Apersoncouldnotsurviveif

his or her head were really chopped off.

Based on details from the text and what you know, you can infer that Sir Gawain probably fears that somethingbadwillhappentoKingArthurifheacceptstheGreenKnight’schallenge.ThisismostlikelywhySirGawaintakesKingArthur’splace.

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight by Chris Bartlett

The mysterious Green Knight issued a challenge to the Knights of the Round Table. He would

grant any knight a single stroke with his green axe against his neck if that knight would return

the favor in one year.

King Arthur accepted, but Sir Gawain, protecting his king, offered to take his place. And with

a mighty swing, Sir Gawain sliced off the Green Knight’s head.

But the Green Knight, still very much alive, stood and picked up his own head. He reminded

Sir Gawain that they had an appointment in one year, and he rode quickly away on his horse.

(continued)

Genre: Legend

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Lesson 10Part 3: Guided Instruction


L10: Using Details to Support Inferences in Literary Texts 95

Genre: Text

Show Your Thinking

Continue reading about Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Use the Close Reading and the Hint to help you answer the question.

Circle the correct answer.

Which detail from the story best helps you understand why the Green KnightshowsSirGawainrespect?

A “Atthestrokeoftheaxe,Gawainflinched.”

B “Again,theGreenKnightraisedhisaxe.”

C “. . . as he had promised, honorable Sir Gawain met the Green Knight.”

D “ButtheGreenKnightpresentedSirGawainwithhisgreataxe...and rode away.”

HintWhat about Sir Gawain is worthyofrespect?

Look at the answer you chose above. What information from the passage makes you feel certain thatit’sthecorrectanswer?

Thereaderdoesn’tknowmuchabouttheGreenKnight.Withapartner,discusshowthisstorywouldbedifferentifithadbeentoldbytheGreenKnight.

(continued from page 94)

One year later, as he had promised, honorable Sir Gawain met

the Green Knight. Sir Gawain bent to receive the blow from the

axe. At the stroke of the axe, Gawain flinched.

“Are you afraid?” asked the Green Knight.

“Get on with the business,” Sir Gawain snapped. Again, the

Green Knight raised his axe. He took aim and swung, but

Sir Gawain was unharmed.

Surely that will not be the end of it, Sir Gawain thought, as he

readied himself again. But the Green Knight presented Gawain

with his great axe, bowed low to the ground in respect, and

rode away.

Finding details about characters’ traits and actions can help you make inferences. Underline phrases that show what Sir Gawain is like and how he acts.

Close Reading

Lesson 10



Part 4: Guided Practice

The story says that only “the most worthy knight” can sit in the Siege Perilous and live. I’ll underline evidence that suggests Galahad is the “most worthy knight.”

Read the passage. Use the Study Buddy and the Close Reading to guide your reading.

Galahad and the Grail Quest

by Allison Chambers

1 At the Round Table of Camelot, 150 knights could sit so that

no knight outranked another by his place at the table. But one

seat always remained empty. This was the Siege Perilous, or

“the perilous seat.” It was said that the Siege Perilous had been

reserved by God himself for the most worthy knight of the

kingdom. A lesser man could not sit in the seat and live.

2 The day arrived when young Galahad came to Camelot. He

was the son of trusted Sir Lancelot, and he made ready to sit

next to his father. But the only seat nearby was the Siege

Perilous, which was covered by a cloth. When the knights

lifted the cloth, they were shocked to see these words

appearing on the seat: “This is the seat of Galahad, the prince.”

So Galahad sat in the Siege Perilous, and no terrors befell him.

It was proven to all that Galahad must join two other knights

in the risky quest for the Holy Grail, a legendary chalice with

magical powers.

3 The other knights searched together, but Galahad rode

mainly alone. He fought battles along the way to defend the

defenseless, while also using his skills to heal the sick.

Galahad was the only knight worthy of fully witnessing the

Holy Grail. After his quest, he journeyed to the city of Sarras.

The people of Sarras, after hearing of Galahad’s many feats,

were eager to proclaim him king.

The Siege Perilous plays an important role in the story. Circle details that relate to this role.

Close Reading

What do the people of Sarras admire about Galahad?Underline details that show why they want Galahad to be their king.

Genre: Legend

Lesson 10



Part 4: Guided Practice

Use the Hints on this page to help you answer the questions.

1 Which sentence from the passage best supports the idea that Galahadwas“themostworthyknight”inthekingdom?

A “This was the Siege Perilous, or ‘the perilous seat.’”

B “The day arrived when young Galahad came to Camelot.”

C “So Galahad sat in the Siege Perilous, and no terrors befell him.”

D “The other knights searched together, but Galahad rode mainly alone.”

2 Which sentence from the passage best explains why the people of SarraswereeagertoproclaimGalahadtheirking?

A “He was the son of trusted Sir Lancelot. . . .”

B “It was proven to all that Galahad must join two other knights in the risky quest for the Holy Grail. . . .”

C “The other knights searched together, but Galahad rode mainly alone.”

D “He fought battles along the way to defend the defenseless, while also using his skills to heal the sick.”

3 Explain why Galahad was the only knight worthy of fully witnessing the Holy Grail. Support your inference with two details from the passage.

Look back at the passage to see how the knights knew they would have to include Galahad in their quest.

Hint

What good deeds did Galahad accomplish while searching for the HolyGrail?

What special qualities didGalahadpossess?

Lesson 10



Part 5: Common Core Practice

Read the story. Then answer the questions that follow.

from “Arthur and the Sword”by Sara Cone Bryant

1 Once there was a great king in Britain named Uther, and when he died the other kings and princes disputed over the kingdom, each wanting it for himself. . . .

2 When the kings and princes could not be kept in check any longer, and something had to be done to determine who was to be king, Merlin made the Archbishop of Canterbury send for all of them to come to London. It was Christmas time, and in the great cathedral a solemn service was held, and prayer was made that some sign should be given to show who was the rightful king. When the service was over, there appeared a strange stone in the churchyard, against the high altar. It was a great white stone, like marble, with something sunk in it that looked like a steel anvil; and in the anvil was driven a great glistening sword. The sword had letters of gold written on it, which read: “Whoso pulleth out this sword of this stone and anvil is rightwise king born of all England.” . . .

3 Many of the knights tried to pull the sword from the stone, hoping to be king. But no one could move it a hair’s breadth. . . .

4 Then they set a guard of ten knights to keep the stone, and the archbishop appointed a day when all should come together to try at the stone—kings from far and near. In the meantime, splendid jousts were held outside London, and both knights and commons were bidden.

5 Sir Ector came up to the jousts, with others, and with him rode Kay and Arthur. Kay had been made a knight at Allhallowmas1, and when he found there was to be so fine a joust he wanted a sword to join it. But he had left his sword behind where his father and he had slept the night before. So he asked young Arthur to ride for it.

6 “I will well,” said Arthur, and rode back for it. But when he came to the castle, the lady and all her household were at the jousting, and there was none to let him in.

7 Arthur said to himself, “My brother Sir Kay shall not be without a sword this day.” And he remembered the sword he had seen in the churchyard. “I will ride to the churchyard,” he said, “and take that sword with me.” So he rode into the churchyard, tied his horse to the stile, and went up to the stone. The guards were away to the tourney, and the sword was there, alone.

8 Going up to the stone, young Arthur took the great sword by the hilt, and lightly and fiercely he drew it out of the anvil.

9 Then he rode straight to Sir Kay and gave it to him.1 Allhallowmas: All Saints Day, November 1

Lesson 10




10 Sir Kay knew instantly that it was the sword of the stone, and he rode off at once to his father and said, “Sir, lo, here is the sword of the stone; I must be king of the land.” But Sir Ector asked him where he got the sword. And when Sir Kay said, “From my brother,” he asked Arthur how he got it. When Arthur told him, Sir Ector bowed his head before him. “Now I understand ye must be king of this land,” he said to Arthur.

11 “Wherefore I?” said Arthur.

12 “For God will have it so,” said Ector; “Never man should have drawn out this sword but he that shall be rightwise king of this land. Now let me see whether ye can put the sword as it was in the stone, and pull it out again.”

13 Straightway Arthur put the sword back.

14 Then Sir Ector tried to pull it out, and after him Sir Kay; but neither could stir it. Then Arthur pulled it out. Thereupon, Sir Ector and Sir Kay kneeled upon the ground before him. . . .

15 So Arthur became king of Britain, and all gave him allegiance.

1 Which choice best supports the inference that Merlin was an important figure in the kingdom?

A Merlin holds a prayer service for all the kings and princes at Canterbury.

B Merlin sends the Archbishop of Canterbury to call kings and princes together.

C Merlin puts the sword into the stone as a test to see who is the rightful king.

D Merlin gets to decide who will be crowned as the new king.

2 Which choice best supports the inference that Arthur became king by accident?

A Arthur was chosen as one of the ten knights to guard the sword in the stone.

B Arthur took the sword without getting permission from anyone.

C Arthur, Sir Ector, and Sir Kay were unaware there would be a joust.

D Arthur pulled the sword from the stone thinking it was one Sir Kay could use.

Answer Form

1 A B C D

2 A B C D

3 A B C D

Number Correct 3

Lesson 10




3 What evidence from the passage best supports the inference that a new king was needed to replace Uther?

A ”other kings and princes disputed over the kingdom, each wanting it for himself”

B ”prayer was made that some sign should be given to show who was the rightful king”

C “the archbishop appointed a day when all should come together to try at the stone—kings from far and near”

D “Arthur became king of Britain, and all gave him allegiance”

4 In this story, Sir Kay can be described as a young knight with little experience. Write a paragraph supporting the claim that Sir Kay has little experience. Use at least two details from the story to support your answer.

Go back and see what you can check off on the Self Check on page 51.Self Check

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