Lesson 1 Your skin serves as a physical barrier between the outside world and your internal organs....

Lesson 1

Your skin serves as a physical barrier between the outside world and your internal organs.

You must protect your skin by washing it and keeping it free of dirt, bacteria, and perspiration.

Healthy Skin, Hair, and Nails

Lesson 1 Lesson Objectives

Examine the structure of the skin.

Identify the functions of the skin.

Examine the effects of health behaviors on skin, hair, andnails.

Relate the importance of recognizing warning signs that leadto the early detection of skin diseases and prompt individualsof all ages to seek health care.

In this lesson, you’ll learn to:

Lesson 1

Structure of the Skin

Structure and Function of the Skin

Lesson 1

Layers of the Skin

The two main layers of the skin:

1. Epidermis: Its top layer consists of dead cells and deeper layers contain living cells that are continually dividing.

2. Dermis: It is a single, thick layer composed of connective tissue, which gives the skin elasticity.

The epidermis and the dermis are attached to bones and muscles by the subcutaneous layer.


Lesson 1

Certain cells in the epidermis make a substance called keratin, a protein that toughens nails.

These cells also produce lipids, which make your skin waterproof.

Other cells produce melanin. The more the melanin, the darker the skin.

Epidermis


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Dermis

Sebaceous glands are found in the dermis.

Blood vessels in the dermis supply cells with oxygenated blood and nutrients and facilitate the removal of cellular wastes.

Sweat glands produce perspiration on the surface of the skin.


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Avoid touching your face with your hands.

Wash your face every morning and evening with mild soap and water.

Ways to Keep Your Skin Healthy

Follow a well-balanced diet that is rich in vitamins and minerals.

Carefully choose personal skin care products to help keep your skin from becoming irritated.

Healthy Skin

Lesson 1

Skin and the Sun

When skin is exposed to UV rays, whether from the sun, a tanning booth, or another source, melanin production is increased.

Prolonged exposure to UV rays damages the genetic material in skin cells and causes it to undergo changes.

Exposure to UV radiation is the leading cause of certain types of skin cancer.

Healthy Skin

Lesson 1

Protecting Your Skin from UV Rays

Wear hats, long-sleeved shirts, and long pants to prevent sun exposure.

Avoid outdoor activities when sunlight is most intense, between 10:00 am and 4:00 pm.

Use an SPF 15 or higher sunscreen that blocks both UVA and UVB rays.

Don’t forget your sunglasses.

Healthy Skin

Lesson 1

Body Piercing and Tattooing

Body piercing and tattooing result in the physical barrier of the skin being broken, so the possibility of bacteria or viruses entering the body increases.

If nonsterile needles are used for tattooing, they can transfer bacteria and blood-borne pathogens such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV.

A tattoo can be removed by a laser procedure. However, the procedure can cause skin discoloration and infection and can leave scars.

Healthy Skin

Lesson 1

Common Skin Problems

Acne

Warts

Vitiligo

Boils

Moles

Healthy Skin

Lesson 1

Acne

Acne is caused when pores in the skin get clogged and the sebum produced by the sebaceous glands cannot reach the skin’s surface.

Washing your face gently twice a day, applying over-the-counter treatment creams, and avoiding the use of oily products can help control breakouts.

Touching and picking at the acne only aggravates the condition and may cause scarring.

Healthy Skin

Lesson 1

Warts

Warts are caused by a virus that infects the surface layers of the skin.

They are usually noncancerous growths that can appear anywhere on the body.

The virus that causes warts can be acquired through contact with infected skin.

Healthy Skin

Lesson 1

Vitiligo

Vitiligo is a skin condition in which patches of skin have lost all pigment.

With no melanin, these patches of skin are extremely susceptible to burning when exposed to UV light.

Sunscreen should be applied or protective clothing should be worn to avoid severe sunburn.

Healthy Skin

Lesson 1

Boils

Boils form when hair follicles become infected with bacteria that are normally found on the surface of the skin.

Treatment can include draining the pus and taking a course of antibiotics.

Never squeeze or burst a boil because this can spread the infection.

Keeping skin clean can help prevent boils.

Healthy Skin

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Moles

Moles are spots that contain extra melanin.

Certain types of moles may develop into melanoma, which can be deadly.

Early detection and treatment are critical to controlling the spread of skin cancer throughout the body.

Healthy Skin

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The ABCDs of Melanoma

Healthy Skin

Lesson 1

A Closer Look at Hair

Except for the palms of your hands and the soles of your feet, you have hair on almost every skin surface.

Living cells in the epidermis make new hairs and cause hair growth. Hair grows out of hair follicles.

Hair helps protect the skin, especially the scalp, from exposure to UV radiation.

The foundation of healthy hair is a well-balanced diet. Hair can become thin and dry without proper nutrients.

Your Hair

Lesson 1

Tips for Healthy Hair

Regular shampooing is a must to keep yourhair healthy.

Limit the use of treatments such as permanents, dyes,or bleach.

The foundation of healthy hair is a well-balanced diet.

Daily brushing keeps dirt from buildingup and helps distribute the natural hair oils evenly.

Your Hair

Lesson 1

Hair Problems

Dandruff can usually be treated by washing hair with an over-the-counter dandruff shampoo.

Head lice are tiny parasitic insects that live in the scalp hair of humans.

These insects can be eliminated by washing hair with a medicated shampoo that kills the organisms.

Your Hair

Lesson 1

Grooming Your Nails

Nails function to protect and support the tissues of the fingers and toes.

Good care includes keeping nails clean and evenly trimmed.

Trim toenails straight across and just slightly above skin level to reduce the risk of infection and ingrown nails.

Your Nails

Lesson 1

1. dermis 2. epidermis

3. sebaceous glands

4. hair follicles

Q. Melanin, which gives the skin, hair,

and iris of the eyes their color, is located in the ______.

Choose the appropriate option.

Quick Review

Lesson 1

A. Melanin, which gives the skin, hair, and iris of the eyes

their color, is located in the epidermis.

Click Next to attempt another question.

Quick Review - Answer

Lesson 1

Provide a short answer to the question given below.

Q. Define the terms epidermis and dermis.

Click Next to view the answer.

Quick Review

Lesson 1


A. The epidermis is the outer, thinner layer of the skin,

composed of living and dead cells.

The dermis is the thicker layer of skin beneath the epidermis, made up of connective tissue and containing blood vessels and nerves.


Lesson 1

Provide a short answer to the question given below.

Q. Why is early detection of skin cancer important to your

overall health?

Click Next to view the answer.

Quick Review

Lesson 1


A. Early detection of skin cancer is critical to controlling its

spread throughout the body.


Lesson 1

Consider your daily activities in the sun. Compose a list of waysyou can protect your skin from the sun for each activity.

Provide suitable examples.

Quick Review

Lesson 1

A. Correct! Melanin, which gives the skin, hair, and iris of the

eyes their color, is located in the epidermis.



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You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try again, or click Next to view the correct answer.


Lesson 1





Layers of the Skin

The epidermis is the outer, thinner layer of the skin that is composed of living and dead cells.

The epidermis is the outer, thinner layer of the skin that is composed of living and dead cells.


Lesson 1





Layers of the Skin

The dermis is the thicker layer of the skin beneath the epidermis that is made up of connective tissue and contains blood vessels and nerves.

The dermis is the thicker layer of the skin beneath the epidermis that is made up of connective tissue and contains blood vessels and nerves.


Lesson 1

Certain cells in the epidermis make a substance called keratin, a protein that toughens nails.

These cells also produce lipids, which make your skin waterproof.

Other cells produce melanin. The more the melanin, the darker the skin.

Epidermis

Melanin is a pigment that gives the skin, hair, and iris of the eyes their color.

Melanin is a pigment that gives the skin, hair, and iris of the eyes their color.


Lesson 1




Dermis

Sebaceous glands are structures within the skin that produce an oily secretion called sebum.

Sebaceous glands are structures within the skin that produce an oily secretion called sebum.


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Dermis

Sweat glands are structures within the dermis that secrete perspiration through ducts to pores on the skin’s surface.

Sweat glands are structures within the dermis that secrete perspiration through ducts to pores on the skin’s surface.


Lesson 1

Moles are spots that contain extra melanin.

Certain types of moles may develop into melanoma, which can be deadly.

Early detection and treatment are critical to controlling the spread of skin cancer throughout the body.

Moles

Melanoma is the most serious form of skin cancer.

Melanoma is the most serious form of skin cancer.

Healthy Skin

Lesson 1

Except for the palms of your hands and the soles of your feet, you have hair on almost every skin surface.

Living cells in the epidermis make new hairs and cause hair growth. Hair grows out of hair follicles.

Hair helps protect the skin, especially the scalp, from exposure to UV radiation.

The foundation of healthy hair is a well-balanced diet. Hair can become thin and dry without proper nutrients.

A hair follicle is a structure that surrounds the root of a hair.

A hair follicle is a structure that surrounds the root of a hair.

A Closer Look at Hair

Your Hair

Lesson 1

Dandruff can usually be treated by washing hair with an over-the-counter dandruff shampoo.

Head lice are tiny parasitic insects that live in the scalp hair of humans.

These insects can be eliminated by washing hair with a medicated shampoo that kills the organisms.

Hair Problems

Dandruff is a condition that can occur if the scalpbecomes too dry and dead skin cells are shed as sticky, white flakes.

Dandruff is a condition that can occur if the scalpbecomes too dry and dead skin cells are shed as sticky, white flakes.

Your Hair

Lesson 1 Your skin serves as a physical barrier between the outside world and your internal organs....

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