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UNIT BHUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

4.01 Summarize labor laws and regulations that affect employees and management.

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legalAmericans with Disabilities Act

• Prohibits employment discrimination against individuals with physical and mental handicaps if the applicant can perform basic job functions

• Requires the employer to make facilities, equipment, procedures, and activities accessible and usable, to restructure jobs and work tasks when possible, and to provide access to the same benefits and privileges available to other employees

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Equal Employment Opportunity Act

• Requires fair and equal treatment of all employees

• Protects the rights of employees• Protects employees from

discrimination– Age– Gender– Physical challenge– Race, color, or national

origin– Religion

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Fair Labor Standards Act

• Established minimum wage and maximum working hours

• Limits the number of hours and the times of day that youth under age 18 can work

• Prohibits full-time employment of children under age 16 except by their parents

• Prevents those under age 18 from working in hazardous occupations such as– Driving fork lifts or backhoes– Handling dangerous gas or liquids– Operating dangerous appliances

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Family and Medical Leave Act

• Requires covered employers to grant eligible employees up to a total of 12 weeks of unpaid leave within any twelve-month period

• Reasons for qualified leave– Birth and care of employee’s newborn child– Adoption of a child by the employee– Placement of a child with the employee for foster

care– Care of immediate family member with a serious

health condition– Serious health condition of the employee

resulting in inability to work

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Equal Pay Act

• Requires all employers to pay men and women the same wage for the same work

• Defines same work as work involving similar skills and responsibilities

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Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)

• Ensures specific safety and health standards for businesses

• Established the Occupational and Health Administration– Requires employers to check for

hazards in the business– Requires businesses to maintain

health and safety records– Requires that employers keep up to

date on OSHA standards and complete all required reports

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Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) cont.

• Enforced by the Department of Labor– Inspects businesses– Investigates accidents

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Social Security Act (Federal Insurance Contributions Act)

• Provides pensions to retired workers and their families and benefits to disabled workers

• Funded by payroll taxes paid by both employers and employees– FICA deductions from employees’ paychecks– Matching contributions by the employer

• Provides hospital and health insurance for retired workers (Medicare)

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Workers’ Compensation• Provides medical and income benefits to

employees injured on the job• Compensation based on the wages or

salary of the employee, the seriousness of the injury, and whether or not the injury is permanent

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Unemployment insurance

• Provides pay to eligible unemployed workers– Worker must not be responsible for the

loss of job– Worker must be actively seeking new

employment

• Administered by each state

• Funded by payroll tax paid by employers