Legal and Ethical Constraints Research Information
Click here to load reader
-
Upload
ryansharman -
Category
Environment
-
view
44 -
download
0
Transcript of Legal and Ethical Constraints Research Information
Race Relations Act 1976
It was established by the Parliament of the United Kingdom to prevent discrimination on the
grounds of race. Items that are covered include discrimination on the grounds of race, colour,
nationality, ethnic and national origin in the fields of employment, the provision of goods and
services, education and public functions. “A leading Jewish school, JFS in Brent, broke the Race
Relations Act by refusing admission to a boy because his mother was not officially recognised as a
Jew, the Court of Appeal has ruled. The boy's father is Jewish by birth, but his mother is Jewish by
conversion conducted at a Progressive rather than an Orthodox synagogue and therefore not
recognised by the Office of the Chief Rabbi (OCR), Dr Jonathan Sacks.”
Human Rights Act 1998
Right to privacy, Right to live, exist, Right to have a family, To own property, Free Speech, Safety
from violence, Equality of both males and females; women's rights, Fair trial, To be innocent until
proven guilty, To be a citizen of a country, The right to express his or her sexual orientation, To vote,
To seek asylum if a country treats you badly, To think freely, To believe and practice the religion a
person wants To peacefully protest (speak against) a government or group, Health care (medical
care), Education, To communicate through a language, Not be forced into marriage, The right to
love, The right to work
Licensing Act 2003
An Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The Act establishes a single integrated scheme for
licensing premises which are used for the sale or supply of alcohol, to provide regulated
entertainment, or to provide late night refreshment.
Privacy Law
Refers to the laws which deal with the regulation of personal information about individuals which
can be collected by governments and other public as well as private organizations and its storage
and use.
Copyright & Intellectual Property Law
Refers to any creative work or invention considered to be the property of its creator. Often,
recognized and protected under the corresponding fields of law. Owners are granted certain
exclusive rights, such as the ability to publish to various markets, license the manufacture and
distribution of inventions, and sue in case of unlawful or deceptive copying.
Libel law
English law allows actions for libel to be brought in the High Court for any published statements
which are alleged to defame a named or identifiable individual (or individuals) in a manner which
causes them loss in their trade or profession, or causes a reasonable person to think worse of him,
her or them. “Mohammed Jameel and his companies had had allegations published against them in
the Wall Street Journal, some of which included allegations of terrorism. Unsurprisingly, Mr. Jameel
tried to sue the Journal even though these defamatory allegations were backed up by the defence of
Justification (true and can be proven). With this in mind, it is unsurprising that the court ruled in the
Journal’s favour as anything regarding terrorist activities has a high degree of public interest. As well
as the high level of public interest, the actions of the journalists involved were in line with the
Reynolds defence for Libelous and Defamatory publishings.”
Obscene Publications Act
This is a law of the British parliament, often regarded by both its supporters and its critics as a
quintessential example of Thatcherism. The aim of the Act was to reform the entire structure of
British broadcasting; British television, in particular, had earlier been described by Margaret
Thatcher as "the last bastion of restrictive practices". It governs what can be shown on TV. “Crash
(1996) was accused by its critics of being obscene, but no prosecution was brought. Indeed, a
leading QC gave his opinion that the film was not obscene.”
Broadcasting Act
This law has governed what can be published or released in England and Wales. The classic definition
of criminal obscenity is if it "tends to deprave and corrupt,"