Leg Circle Demo Leg Circle Demo Why is it hard to read when someone is talking? Why is it hard to...

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Leg Circle Demo Leg Circle Demo Why is it hard to read Why is it hard to read when someone is talking? when someone is talking? How can you space out How can you space out while driving and not while driving and not crash? crash? The answer to these questions and The answer to these questions and more to come… more to come…

Transcript of Leg Circle Demo Leg Circle Demo Why is it hard to read when someone is talking? Why is it hard to...

Leg Circle DemoLeg Circle DemoWhy is it hard to read when Why is it hard to read when

someone is talking?someone is talking?How can you space out while How can you space out while

driving and not crash?driving and not crash?

The answer to these questions The answer to these questions and more to come…and more to come…

Central & Peripheral Nervous Central & Peripheral Nervous SystemsSystems

Ch. 36.1Ch. 36.1

I. Central Nervous SystemI. Central Nervous System

A. A. Central Nervous System Central Nervous System (CNS)(CNS)

1. Brain & Spinal Cord1. Brain & Spinal Cord

2. Coordinates the body’s 2. Coordinates the body’s activities activities

I. Central Nervous SystemI. Central Nervous System

3. Spinal Cord3. Spinal Cord

a. Most efficient parta. Most efficient part

b. b. Capable of Capable of multitaskingmultitasking

1) walking1) walking

2) talking2) talking

3) driving3) driving

I. Central Nervous SystemI. Central Nervous System

B. B. Peripheral Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)(PNS)1. Made of nerves that carry 1. Made of nerves that carry messages between the CNS messages between the CNS and the rest of the bodyand the rest of the body2. The CNS & PNS allow your 2. The CNS & PNS allow your body to make rapid changes in body to make rapid changes in response to the environment response to the environment

I. Central Nervous SystemI. Central Nervous System

C. Three Main Parts of brainC. Three Main Parts of brain1. Cerebrum1. Cerebrum2. Cerebellum2. Cerebellum3. Brain Stem3. Brain Stem

a. Midbraina. Midbrainb. Ponsb. Ponsc. Medulla Oblongatac. Medulla Oblongata

I. Central Nervous SystemI. Central Nervous System

D. Cerebrum/Cerebral CortexD. Cerebrum/Cerebral Cortex1. 1. Cerebral CortexCerebral Cortex- Folded - Folded mass of grey matter covering mass of grey matter covering the cerebrumthe cerebrum2. Handles new situations, 2. Handles new situations, problem solving, speech, problem solving, speech, memory and conscious memory and conscious movementsmovements

I. Central Nervous SystemI. Central Nervous System

3. Can only handle ONE thing 3. Can only handle ONE thing at a timeat a time

4. Learning occurs here, but it 4. Learning occurs here, but it isn’t pretty at firstisn’t pretty at first

a. It takes deep sleep a. It takes deep sleep to re-organize and cull the to re-organize and cull the dendrites started throughout dendrites started throughout the daythe day

I. Central Nervous SystemI. Central Nervous System

5. Left side of the cerebrum 5. Left side of the cerebrum is more “logical”is more “logical”

a. Handles language, a. Handles language, math and musicmath and music

b. Develops earlier in b. Develops earlier in males and is used males and is used

more more in malesin males

I. Central Nervous SystemI. Central Nervous System

6. Right side of the brain is 6. Right side of the brain is more “abstract”more “abstract”

a. Handles emotion, a. Handles emotion, intuition and artintuition and art

b. Women use both b. Women use both sides of the brain equallysides of the brain equally

1) Recover better 1) Recover better from from brain injurybrain injury

I. Central Nervous SystemI. Central Nervous System

7. 7. Corpus CallosumCorpus Callosum- The - The bridge between the left and bridge between the left and right sidesright sides

I. Central Nervous SystemI. Central Nervous System

E. CerebellumE. Cerebellum1. Handles balance, posture & 1. Handles balance, posture & coordination (motor skills)coordination (motor skills)

a. Injury to this region a. Injury to this region causes jerky movementscauses jerky movements2. Often receives directions 2. Often receives directions from the cerebral cortex which from the cerebral cortex which cause muscles to movecause muscles to move

I. Central Nervous SystemI. Central Nervous System

F. Brain Stem (AKA Fishbrain)F. Brain Stem (AKA Fishbrain)1. Runs the body1. Runs the body

a. Heart, lungs, etca. Heart, lungs, etcb. Paralyzes your b. Paralyzes your

muscles when you sleepmuscles when you sleepc. ADD and bed wetting c. ADD and bed wetting are associated (until are associated (until

matures)matures)

I. Central Nervous SystemI. Central Nervous System

F. Brain Stem (cont.)F. Brain Stem (cont.)

2. 2. MidbrainMidbrain- Relay station for - Relay station for impulses traveling between impulses traveling between the cerebrum, cerebellum and the cerebrum, cerebellum and spinal cordspinal cord

a. Contains reflex a. Contains reflex centers for sight, hearing and centers for sight, hearing and touch touch

I. Central Nervous SystemI. Central Nervous System

F. Brain Stem (cont.)F. Brain Stem (cont.)

3. 3. PonsPons- Bundle of nerves - Bundle of nerves that “bridges” the that “bridges” the cerebellum and the rest of cerebellum and the rest of the body the body

I. Central Nervous SystemI. Central Nervous System

F. Brain Stem (cont.)F. Brain Stem (cont.)4. 4. Medulla OblongataMedulla Oblongata

a. Regulates breathing, a. Regulates breathing, heart rate and heart rate and

vasoconstrictionvasoconstrictionb. Contains reflex b. Contains reflex

centers centers vomiting, coughing vomiting, coughing and and sneezingsneezing

I. Central Nervous SystemI. Central Nervous System

G. ThalamusG. Thalamus

1. Sorts sensory information1. Sorts sensory information

2. Information sent to the 2. Information sent to the wrong place causes wrong place causes hallucinationshallucinations

I. Central Nervous SystemI. Central Nervous System

H. HypothalamusH. Hypothalamus1. Survival part of the brain1. Survival part of the brain

a. aggressiona. aggressionb. angerb. angerc. hunger/thirstc. hunger/thirstd. sex drived. sex drivee. homeostasise. homeostasis

I. Central Nervous SystemI. Central Nervous System

H. HypothalamusH. Hypothalamus

2. Hypothalamus is larger in 2. Hypothalamus is larger in males and animalsmales and animals

a. Fight or flight a. Fight or flight responseresponse

3. Very active in teenagers3. Very active in teenagers

II. Peripheral Nervous SystemII. Peripheral Nervous System

A. A. Peripheral Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)(PNS)

1. Made of nerves that carry 1. Made of nerves that carry messages between the messages between the CNS and the rest of the CNS and the rest of the bodybody

II. Peripheral Nervous SystemII. Peripheral Nervous System

2. Somatic Nervous System2. Somatic Nervous System

a. Voluntarya. Voluntary

b. Relays information b. Relays information to to skeletal musclesskeletal muscles

II. Peripheral Nervous SystemII. Peripheral Nervous System

c. Composed of:c. Composed of:1)12 pairs of cranial 1)12 pairs of cranial

nerves (actually bundles nerves (actually bundles of of neuron axons)neuron axons)

2) 31 pairs of spinal 2) 31 pairs of spinal nervesnerves

3) All branches from 3) All branches from the the spinal chordspinal chord

II. Peripheral Nervous SystemII. Peripheral Nervous System

3. 3. Autonomic Nervous SystemAutonomic Nervous System

a. Involuntarya. Involuntary

b. Relays information b. Relays information to to internal organsinternal organs

II. Peripheral Nervous SystemII. Peripheral Nervous System

c. c. Sympathetic Nervous Sympathetic Nervous SystemSystem

1) Division of the 1) Division of the autonomic nervous autonomic nervous systemsystem

2) Controls internal 2) Controls internal organs in times of stressorgans in times of stress

a) when frighteneda) when frightened

II. Peripheral Nervous SystemII. Peripheral Nervous System

d. d. Parasympathetic Nervous Parasympathetic Nervous SystemSystem

1) Division of the 1) Division of the autonomic nervous autonomic nervous systemsystem

2) Controls internal 2) Controls internal organs in times of relaxationorgans in times of relaxation

a) Reading, T.V.a) Reading, T.V.

III. ReflexIII. Reflex

A. A. ReflexReflex- An automatic, - An automatic, involuntary response to a involuntary response to a stimulusstimulus

B. Consists of:B. Consists of:1. A sensory neuron1. A sensory neuron2. An interneuron2. An interneuron3. A motor neuron3. A motor neuron

III. ReflexIII. Reflex

C. Travels only to the spinal C. Travels only to the spinal cord (faster)cord (faster)

1. The brain is notified soon 1. The brain is notified soon after so it is aware of after so it is aware of possible danger possible danger

a. Polysynaptic a. Polysynaptic responseresponse

RECAPRECAP

- Compare and contrast the Compare and contrast the CNS and the PNSCNS and the PNS

- What is the main function of What is the main function of the cerebrum?the cerebrum?

- What is the main function of What is the main function of the cerebellum?the cerebellum?

- What type of activities is the What type of activities is the brain stem in charge of?brain stem in charge of?

RECAPRECAP

- What is the function of the What is the function of the thalamus?thalamus?

- What is the function of the What is the function of the hypothalamus?hypothalamus?

- What are the 2 divisions of What are the 2 divisions of the PNS?the PNS?

RECAPRECAP

- What is the function of the What is the function of the thalamus?thalamus?

- What is the function of the What is the function of the hypothalamus?hypothalamus?

- What are the 2 divisions of What are the 2 divisions of the PNS?the PNS?

RECAPRECAP

- What are the 2 divisions of What are the 2 divisions of the autonomic nervous the autonomic nervous system of the PNS?system of the PNS?

- Explain the term reflex? Explain the term reflex? - How are a monsynaptic and How are a monsynaptic and

a polysynaptic reflex a polysynaptic reflex differentdifferent