LEED Training

rev: 04/08/23© 2008 Thorburn Associates Internal TrainingSlide 1

LEEDs TrainingLEEDs TrainingThorburn Associates


ProcessProcess


Study Materials – In TA Study Materials – In TA InventoryInventory− These slides− USGBC New Construction & Major Renovation V 2.2

Reference Guide Third Edition October 2007 (plus Errata)

− PPI’s LEED NC Sample Exam New Construction 2nd Edition

− PPI’s LEED NC Practice Problems New Construction− PPI’s LEE Prep What You Really Need to Know to Pass

the LEED NC v2.2 and CI v2.0 Exams− PPI’s LEED NC Flashcards New Construction− Various resources free on the GBCI, USGBC and PPI

websites− www.gbci.org− www.usgbc.org− www.ppi2pass.com


Can You Memorize?Can You Memorize?− 4 Certification levels− 7 Prerequisites− 5 Categories (plus 1)− Lots of Jargon− Know a Little about the Design and Construction

Process− Then you to can be a Leadership in Energy and

Environment Design Accredited Professional!− People are “Accredited” Projects are “Certified”


What is LEEDWhat is LEED− Put together to get people to do the right thing…

kinda like what grandma and grandpa did on the farm… − Repair what you have− Compost what you do not eat (or feed it to the pigs)− Do not throw things out – I do not remember seeing dumps

– back in the day!− Find a re-use for everything – that old shirt will be perfect

for a patchwork quilt!


What is LEED – ReallyWhat is LEED – Really− A way to be better stewards of the environment− Reduce the construction and operation of buildings

impact on the environment.− Construction has been primary contributor to solid waste in

landfills.2.5 pounds of waste per SF of new commercial space

− After construction, buildings account for:30 to 40% of energy use60 to 70% of total electricity consumption10 to 20% of total water consumption30 to 40% of total CO2 emissions


US Green Building Council US Green Building Council (USGBC)(USGBC)− Non Profit – committed to expanding sustainable

building practices.− Established 1993 − 1998 published first version of LEED Green Building

Rating System− Education – provide resources to members: green

building− Emerging Green Builders− Greenbuild Conference


LEED Standards Now Exist for:LEED Standards Now Exist for:− LEED-NC: New Construction and Major Renovations− LEED-EB: Existing Buildings− LEED-CI: Commercial Interiors− LEED-CS: Core and Shell− LEED-S: for Schools− LEED-H: for Homes

− under development – pilot phase− LEED-ND: for Neighborhood Development

− under development – pilot phase− LEED-R: for Retail

− under development – accepting pilot projects− Also under development:

− LEED for Campuses/multiple buildings− LEED for Healthcare− LEED for Laboratories


LEED Certification CreditsLEED Certification Credits−LEED credits are organized into 6 sections

−Sustainable Sites (SS)−Water Efficiency (WE)−Energy and Atmosphere (EA)−Materials and Resources (MR)−Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ)−Innovation in Design (ID)

Prerequisites – required, no points


NC Prerequisites (no points)NC Prerequisites (no points)Memorize these−S SSp1 – Pollution Control−E EAp1 – Commissioning−E EAp2 – Minimize Energy Usage−E EAp3 – Minimize Refrigerant−M MRp1 – Protect products / Recycle−E EQp1 – Filter Air−E EQp2 – No Smoking


NC Point GroupingsNC Point Groupings−65 Prerequisites / Credits−38 of which are Design or Construction−23 of which are only Construction−19 of which are Exemplary Performance

Criteria or “Extra Credit”


Sustainable SitesSustainable Sites− SS Prerequisite 1: Construction Activity Pollution Prevention 0− SS Credit 1: Site Selection 1− SS Credit 2: Development Density & Community Connectivity 1− SS Credit 3: Brownfield Redevelopment 1− SS Credit 4: Alternative Transportation

.1: Public Transportation Access 1

.2: Bicycle Storage and Changing Rooms 1

.3: Low Emitting and Fuel Efficient Vehicles1

.4: Parking Capacity 1− SS Credit 5: Site Development

.1: Protect or Restore Habitat 1

.2: Maximize Open Space 1− SS Credit 6: Stormwater Design

.1: Quantity Control 1

.2 Quality Control 1− SS Credit 7: Heat Island Effect

.1: Non-Roof 1

.2: Roof1

− SS Credit 8: Light Pollution Reduction 1Total Possible = 14


Water EfficiencyWater Efficiency− WE Credit 1: Water Efficient Landscaping

.1: Reduce by 50%1.2: No Potable Water Use or No Irrigation 1

− WE Credit 2: Innovative Wastewater Technologies 1− WE Credit 3: Water Use Reduction

.1: 20% Reduction1

.2: 30% Reduction1

Total Possible = 5


Energy & AtmosphereEnergy & Atmosphere− EA Prerequisite:

− 1: Fundamental Commissioning of the Building Energy Systems 0− 2: Minimum Energy Performance 0− 3: Fundamental Refrigerant Management 0

− EA Credit 1: Optimize Energy Performance 1-10− EA Credit 2: On-Site Renewable Energy

1-3− EA Credit 3: Enhanced Commissioning

1− EA Credit 4: Enhanced Refrigerant Management 1− EA Credit 5: Measurement and Verification 1− EA Credit 6: Green Power 1

Total Possible = 17


Materials and ResourcesMaterials and Resources− MR Prerequisite 1: Storage and Collection of Recyclables 0− MR Credit 1: Building Reuse

.1: Maintain 75% of existing walls, floors, and roof 1

.2: Maintain 95% of existing walls, floors, and roof 1

.3: Maintain 50% of interior non-structural elements 1− MR Credit 2: Construction Waste Management

.1: Divert 50% from Disposal 1

.2: Divert 75% from Disposal 1− MR Credit 3: Materials Reuse

.1: 5%1

.2 10%1

− MR Credit 4: Recycled Content .1: 10% (post consumer + ½ pre consumer) 1.2: 20 % (post consumer + ½ pre consumer) 1

− MR Credit 5: Regional Materials.1: 10% Extracted, Processed, and Manufactured Regionally

1.2: 20% Extracted, Processed, and Manufactured Regionally

1− MR Credit 6: Rapidly Renewable Materials 1− MR Credit 7: Certified Wood 1

Total Possible = 13


Indoor Environmental QualityIndoor Environmental Quality− EQ Prerequisite

− 1: Minimum IAQ Performance 0− 2: Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Control 0

− EQ Credit 1: Outdoor Air Delivery Monitoring 1− EQ Credit 2: Increased Ventilation 1− EQ Credit 3: Construction IAQ Management and Plan

.1: During Construction 1

.2: Before Occupancy 1− EQ Credit 4: Low-Emitting Materials

.1: Adhesives and Sealants 1

.2: Paints and Coatings 1

.3: Carpet Systems 1

.4: Composite Wood and Agrifiber Products 1− EQ Credit 5: Indoor Chemical & Pollutant Source Control 1− EQ Credit 6: Controllability of Systems

.1: Lighting 1

.2 Thermal Comfort 1− EQ Credit 7: Thermal Comfort

.1: Design1

.2: Verification 1− EQ Credit 8: Daylight and Views

.1: Daylight 75% of spaces 1

.2: Views for 90% of spaces 1Total Possible = 15


Innovation in DesignInnovation in Design

− ID Credit 1 – 1.4 Innovation in Design 1-4− ID Credit 2: LEED Accredited Professional 1

Total Possible = 5


LEED Certification (LEED-NC)LEED Certification (LEED-NC)

Certified 26 – 32 Points

Really Easy to get

Silver 33 – 38 Points

Gold 39 – 51 Points

Platinum 52 – 69 Points

Cost Premium 3 to 10%


LEED Professional LEED Professional AccreditationAccreditation− LEED Accredited Professionals (LEED AP)− Why we are doing this…

− Helps us think about design issues others must think about− There is a trade off for some aspects of LEED relating to

acoustics and AV – we need to tell clients/architects up front


TA’s LEED Projects include:TA’s LEED Projects include:− Hewett Foundation Headquarters – Gold− SUGEN Building 3 – Gold− Cesar Chavez Education Center− Credit Suisse – certified− Plaza Apartments – Silver− Greenbridge – registered with intent to get certified− SF GSA Building – registered w/ intent− Ritz Carlton Hotel, The Cliffs at Keowee Springs− Nissan Americas− RTI− UNC Dental− UNCG Classroom and Office Building− Wake Forest Town Hall


Which LEED to Use?Which LEED to Use?− LEED-NC:

− Commercial building such as offices− Retail stores - but not for long− Institutional facilities – libraries and schools (for now),

Churches− Hotels− Residential – four or more stories− Major renovations – if beyond scope of LEED-EB (ie major

changes to HVAC, building envelope, or interior renovations

− LEED-CI: − Tenant spaces – designed for tenants who don’t own

building with no control over whole-building systems or management

− Can be offices, retail, hospitality, healthcare, education


Which LEED to Use? (con’t)Which LEED to Use? (con’t)− LEED-EB:

− Encourages sustainable maintenance and operation of existing commercial structures

− Can be used in building that were already LEED-NC certified

− LEED-Homes:− Single family homes− Low-rise residential – under four stories


Project Certification ProcessProject Certification Process− Two steps

− Design Team Component− Construction Component

− Design includes:− Site Selection and Good A/E design judgment

− Construction includes:− Methods and Materials

− Pay your fee and submit your forms…


How to CertifyHow to Certify− Register at BEGINNING of Project

− $450 members, $600 non members− Certify two ways

− Submit design THEN construction submittal OR submit together

− Design Submittal - @100% CDs− USGBC indicates each “Credit Anticipated” or “Credit Denied”− Denied credits get brief explanation why denied− No certification or ratings given at this time

− Construction Submittal – AFTER substantial completion− USGBC indicates “Credit Achieved” or “Credit Denied”− Can pay for a 1-hr conference call for credit dialogue and

clarification− Must verify no changes since design submittal – if changes

must resubmit credit information− Certification at this time


How to Certify (con’t)How to Certify (con’t)− Design and Construction Submittal

− Follow same steps as Construction submittal− Submit both Design and Construction at same time

− Application MUST Contain− Selected rating system− Registration Information: Project contact, Type, Size,

Number of occupants, Date construction completion − Project Narrative: include description of 3 project highlights− LEED project checklist including pre-requisites, anticipated

credits, and project score− LEED letter templates and supporting documentation− Complete list of any CIRs− Project drawings and photos including site plan, typical

floor plan, typical building section, photo or rendering of project

− Payment of all fees


How to Certify (con’t)How to Certify (con’t)− Application Review Process

− After materials submitted and payment processed USGBS has 15 days to review compliance with credits

− USGBC issues preliminary LEED reviewDocuments anticipated, pending, denied creditsUp to 6 credits can be selected for audit, requiring

additional info

− Project team has 25 days to respond with supplementary info

− Within 15 days USGBC issues Final LEED review and notifies project contact of certification status

− May expedite for additional fee

− Project team has 25 days to accept or appeal rating


How to Certify (con’t)How to Certify (con’t)− To appeal “credit denied”, submit appeal

application with:− LEED registration info− Project narrative− LEED Project checklist− List all CIRs used− Drawings and photos− Original, re-submittal and appeal documentation for credits

appealed AND description of how documentation addresses reviewers comments and concerns for each appealed credit

− $500 per credit appealed (Know this cost for test)− Appeal review will be issued within 25 days of

payment processing


Tools for CertifyingTools for Certifying− Letter Templates

− Interactive PDF forms, access after registering project− Allows for download, edit, and submit for each credit online

− Audits− Any project can be selected for audit

For cause: inconsistent data, illogical credits, etc., or quality control

Approx 5% of all projects will be audited

− Appeals− If certification ruling appeals – assigned to different

reviewer− New ruling within 10 days of appeal

− CIR’s (Credit Interpretation Request/Ruling)


Credit Interpretation RulingCredit Interpretation Ruling− Obtain when:

− It is not clear that a desirable, proposed, or planned strategy will meet a particular credit’s requirements

− AND the issue not previously addressed by a CIR from a past project (browse past CIRs at USGBC web site)

− Contact LEED customer service verify issue warrants CIR− Should address “highly technical and/or unique

applications− Not administrative inquires

− Submit using online form – limit 600 words, one credit

− Not Private – do not include confidential info or name

− Ruling does not guarantee credit will be awarded


Credit Interpretation RulingCredit Interpretation Ruling−Review Process

−CIR is researched by the USGBC and a draft ruling is prepared

−CIR and Draft ruling referred to relevant technical advisory group for consideration

−Technical advisory group chairs meet to finalize ruling

−Ruling posted to USGBC website−Project team advised of outcome

−Can appeal CIR−CIR will go to second consultant and advisory group−Can request clarification phone call (10-15 min)−Second ruling final – no appeal


Certification FeesCertification Fees−Need to know HOW broken down and BASIS

of calculations−Less than 50,000 sf = base fee−Greater than 500,000 sf = 10x base fee−In between variable = sf calculation−Member versus non-member−Individual review $$ = combined review $$


Certification FeesCertification FeesBuilding Size: <50,000 sf 50,000 to

500,000 sf> 500,000 sf

LEED NC Design ReviewMembers: $ 1,250 $ 0.025/sf $ 12,500Non-Members:

$ 1,500 $ 0.03/sf $ 15,000

LEED-NC Construction ReviewMembers: $ 500 $ 0.01/sf $ 5,000Non-Members $ 750 $ 0.015/sf $ 7,500

LEED-NC Combined Design and Construction Review(same as others added together)

Members: $ 1,750 $ 0.035/sf $ 17,500Non-Members:

$ 2,250 $ 0.045/sf $ 22,500


LEED On-Line Credit TemplateLEED On-Line Credit TemplateThe LEED On-Line credit Template is broken down into the following four categories:− Template Status− Manage Template− Required Documents− Documentation Status

− Know what is submitted for each credit− Know when credit is submitted (design or construction)− Know when a credit category (SS, EA, etc) is submitted− Know who submits the data− Know strategies and acceptable materials for various

credits


LEED Design ProcessLEED Design Process− Pre-Design

− Evaluate building purpose and set project goals What level LEED try to reach?What level energy savings and water savings

appropriate?Use working LEED Project Checklist – yes/no/maybe –

credits definitely achieve, might get, can’t get

− Review applicable building codes/standards to see where synergies or potential projects may lie

− Select project team− Think about commissioning – required for all LEED projects− Do cost analysis

Life cycle costs versus upfront costsShort and long-term paybacks


LEED Design ProcessLEED Design Process− Design

− Integrated building designInclude whole team early and oftenKickoff with LEED/Green Charrette

− Building SitingInfill/Brownfield redevelopment versus GreenfieldBuilding configuration and placement on siteDesign to minimize impact on site

− Building componentsBuilding envelope

− Consider climate / insulation− How doors/windows/other openings affect building envelope− Foundation, framing and wall systems, roofs, thermal efficiency,

reflectivity, moisture buildupElectricityHeating and cooling – passive?Lighting and Daylighting

− Lighting shelves, top lighting− Daylight controls

Water heating


LEED Design ProcessLEED Design Process− Construction

− Energy and environmental guidelines– for construction processes

− Purchasing materialsLocalNon-toxicRecycledRecyclableRenewableCertified wood

− Site environmental impact of construction− Indoor air quality− Waste management


Approach to Each CreditApproach to Each Credit− Intent− Requirements (How) - Memorize for test− Potential technologies and strategies− Summary of reference standard – memorize if

outside standard (i.e. ASHRAE)− Approach and implementation− Calculations – memorize intent and pieces − Exemplary performance− Submittal documentation− Considerations− Resources− Definitions


Sample Questions - ProcessSample Questions - ProcessQ.1: A law firm occupying a 50-year old office building is replacing the mechanical systems to improve energy performance and implementing green procurement and operations policies.

Which LEED rating systems best applies to this project?

a. LEED-CIb. LEED-EBc. LEED-CSd. LEED-NCe. LEED-ND


Sample Questions - ProcessSample Questions - ProcessAnswer Q1:“B”


Sample Questions - ProcessSample Questions - ProcessQ.2: An application for LEED Certification must contain which two of the following?

a. project summary information, including project contact, project type, project cost, project size, number of occupants, estimate date of occupancy, etc.b. a list of all members of the design and construction team, including contact information, documented green building industry experience, and indication of all LEED Accredited Processionals.c. completed LEED Credit Templates for all prerequisites and attempted credits, plus any documentation specifically required to support those templates.d. detailed documentation for all credits pursued, including full-sized plans and drawings, photocopies of all invoices for all purchased materials, records of tipping fees, all energy modeling inputs and assumptions, and evidence of all calculations performed in support of LEED credits.


Sample Questions - ProcessSample Questions - ProcessAnswer Q2:“A” and “C”


Sample Questions - ProcessSample Questions - ProcessQ.3: A LEED Accredited Professional is presented with a project that was initiated without sustainable design or LEED certification in mind. However, the owner and design team members thus far involved – none of which has significant experience with either LEED or sustainable design – have expressed interest in this path in spite of the fact that the project is already well underway and moving toward Construction Documents.

Given the situation, which three of the following would tend to have the most influence on the effectiveness and success of a sustainable design process aimed at LEED Certification? (choose three)

a. Getting the sustainable design process and consideration of LEED-related goals and objectives under way sooner than later.b. extensive research, evaluation, and life-cycle assessment for possible material and technology options and design scenarios.c. aggressive value engineering of individual line items to ensure that no one of them pushes the project over budget.d. clearly and collaboratively delegating responsibility for specific target LEED credits and associated strategies to appropriate team members.e. establish means of collaborative, interdisciplinary communication among team members as a departure from a conventionally more segregated and serial design process.


Sample Questions - ProcessSample Questions - ProcessAnswer Q3:“A”, “D”, and “E”

Key phrases: − Sooner than later− Collaboratively− Collaborative, interdisciplinary communication


Sample Questions - ProcessSample Questions - ProcessQ.4: Credit Interpretation Rulings provide which two of the following? (choose two)

a. Responses to written requests for interpretation of credit requirements.b. Determination of whether a particular strategy can be used to satisfy two different credits at once.c. Precedents for interpretation of LEED credits regarding specific strategies and applications.d. Definitive assurance that a particular method or strategy permitted on a previous project will be applicable to other projects in the future.


Sample Questions - ProcessSample Questions - ProcessAnswer Q4:“A” and “C”

Key points- CIRs apply to only one credit- No Guarantees – now or future


Sustainable SitesSustainable Sites


SSp1 Sustainable SitesSSp1 Sustainable SitesPrerequisite 1: Construction Activity Pollution Prevention− No Points – Prerequisites - Construction− Intent:

− Prevent loss of soil during construction by Stormwater runoff and/or wind erosion (can protect topsoil by stockpiling for later use)

− Prevent sedimentation of storm sewer or receiving streams− Prevent polluting the air with dust and particulate matter

− Jargon ESC… Erosion and Sediment Control− How:

− Think… (temp seeding, earth dykes, etc)− Submit plan− Follow 2003 EPA Construction General Permit or local requirements

for erosion and sedimentation control – whichever more stringent− Reference Standards

− Storm Water Management for Construction Activities (USEPA Office of Water), Chapter 3

− Decision Maker/Specialist: Contractor, Civil Engineer


SSc1 Sustainable SitesSSc1 Sustainable SitesCredit 1: Site Selection − 1 Credit Point – Design − Intent: reduce environmental impact by restricting site

selections and location on a site− How: Don’t develop buildings, hardscape, roads, or parking on

areas that meet any of the following (memorize these bullet points for test)

− Prime farmland (as defined by US Dept of Agriculture)

− Previously undeveloped land:− Whose elevation is lower than 5 feet above 100-year flood plane (as

defined by FEMA)− That is that is within 50 feet of a water body (seas, lakes, rivers, streams,

or tributaries, consistent with terminology of the Clean Water Act.)

− Land specifically intended as habitat for any species on Federal or State threatened or endangered lists

− Within 100 feet of any wetlands (as defined by US code of federal regulations, identified by state or local rule, OR within setback distances from wetlands prescribed in state or local regulations, as defined by local or state rule or law, whichever is more stringent)

− Land which, prior to acquisition, was public parkland, unless land of equal or greater value as parkland is accepted in trade.


SSc1 Sustainable SitesSSc1 Sustainable SitesCredit 1: Site Selection (con’t)− Referenced Standards (be able to recognize on test)

− US Dept of Agriculture definition of Prime Agricultural Lands as stated in US code of Federal Regulations, Title 7 Volume 6, Parts 400-699, Section 657.5

− Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 100-year flood Definition

− Endangered Species List− Definition of Wetlands in the United States Code of Federal

Regulations, 40 CFR, Parts 230-233,and Part 22

− Decision Maker/Specialist− Owner


SSc2 Sustainable SitesSSc2 Sustainable SitesCredit 2: Development Density and Community Connectivity− 1 Credit Point – Design − Intent: preserve natural resources by developing urban area

and protecting Greenfields− How:

− Option 1 – Development Density− Construct on a previously developed site within a community − With minimum density of 60,000 SF per acre net (calc to include site

being built on minus roads, parkland, etc)

− or Option 2 – Community Connectivity− Construct on Previously developed site− AND within half mile (from main building entrance) of a residential

zone or neighborhood with avg. density of 10 units/acre net− AND with pedestrian access between building and basic services (ie

bank, place of worship, convenience grocery, day care, cleaners, etc)

− Decision Maker/Specialist: owner− Submittal calc sheets


SSc2 Sustainable SitesSSc2 Sustainable SitesCredit 2: Development Density and Community Connectivity

(con’t)− Calculations

− Option 1 Development DensityDetermine total area of project site and total square footage of buildingCalculate Development Density (use LEED submittal template)

Dev.Den (sf/acre) = Gross Bldg (SF)/Proj Site area (acres)Project Site Area

Square root of total site area (sf) x 3 = Density radiusOverlay density radius on map originating from center of site

Create table of each building sf and site area within density radius and calculate development density within density radius.

− Option 2 Community ConnectivityProject radius = Site map with a ½ mile radius drawn around main

building entranceMark all commercial and civic buildings within radius – with pedestrian

accessNo use counted twice (except restaurants can count 2) Need at least 10 basic services


SSc3 Sustainable SitesSSc3 Sustainable SitesCredit 3: Brownfield Redevelopment− 1 Credit Point – Design − Intent: To Protect Greenfields by developing on

contaminated or damaged sites− Develop on a contaminated site (determined by ASTM

E1903-97 Phase II Environmental Site Assessment or a local cleanup program)

− Or Develop on a Brownfield site (determined by local, state, or federal agency

− Referenced Standards− ASTM (above)− local/state/fed agency

− Decision maker/specialist - owner


SSc4.1 Sustainable SitesSSc4.1 Sustainable SitesCredit 4.1: Alternative Transportation: Public

Transportation Access− 1 Credit Point – Design

− 1 Extra Credit Point Possible - − Intent: Reduce pollution, land dev impact from auto

use− How: Locate Project

− within half mile of existing (or planned and funded) Commuter Rail, Light Rail, or Subway station

− Or within ¼ mile of one or more stops for two or more campus or public bus lines usable by building occupants

− Exemplary Performance− One point for Innovation (for credit 4) − Submit plan that demonstrates quantifiable reduction in

automobile use by implementing strategies in Credit 4 − “quantifiable” - quadrupling transit service/doubling rider-ship− Decision Maker/Specialist: owner


SSc4.2 Sustainable SitesSSc4.2 Sustainable SitesCredit 4.2: Alternative Transportation:Bicycle Storage &

Changing Rooms− 1 Credit Point – Design, 1 Extra Credit Point Possible − Intent: Reduce pollution, land dev impact from auto use− How:− For commercial/institutional buildings:

− Provide bike rack/storage within 200 yards of building entrance for 5% or more of all building users (peak) AND shower/changing facilities for at least 0.5% FTE Occupants.

− Or For Residential Buildings:− Provide covered storage facilities for securing bikes for at least

15% of building occupants (no need for shower/changing)− Exemplary Performance – see 4.1− Calculations

− Full Time Equivalent Occupants = number full time occupants (at least 8 hours day) plus est of number of part time occupants/8

− Peak building users = est number of transient occupants at peak period and add to number of FTEs


SSc4.2 Sustainable SitesSSc4.2 Sustainable SitesFTE Occupant Calculation

Occupant Type

Number Total Person hours per day

Sub Total FTEs

Full-TimeAssumes 8 hrs/day

Staff 8 64 8

Faculty 6 48 6

Part-Time (assumes 2 hrs/day)

Faculty 24 48 6

Student researchers

20 40 5

Total FTEs 25

Transient Occupant Calculations

Occupant Type

Number at Peak Period

Occupant Value for LEED Calc

Students 310 310

Peak Building Users

335


SSc4.3 Sustainable SitesSSc4.3 Sustainable SitesCredit 4.3: Alternative Transportation: Low-Emission

andFuel-Efficient Vehicles

− 1 Credit Point – Design, 1 Extra Credit Point Possible − Intent: Reduce pollution, land dev impact from auto

use− How: (Memorize % of what for each)

− Option 1: Provide Low-Emitting and Fuel-Efficient Vehicles for 3% of FTE occupants AND preferred parking for these vehicles

− OR Option 2: Provide preferred parking for Low-Emitting and Fuel-Efficient Vehicles for 5% of total vehicle parking capacity for site

− OR Option 3: Install alternative-fuel refueling stations for 3% of total vehicle parking capacity of the site

− Exemplary Performance – see 4.1− Decision maker/specialist - owner


SSc4.4 Sustainable SitesSSc4.4 Sustainable SitesCredit 4.4: Alternative Transportation: Parking Capacity− 1 Credit Point – Design, 1 Extra Credit Point Possible− Intent: Reduce pollution, land dev. impact from auto use− How:

− Option 1: (non-residential) Parking capacity – don’t exceed local MINIMUM codeProvide preferred parking for 5% of spaces for carpools

− Or Option 2: (non-residential)Parking Capacity = fewer than 5% of FTE building occupantsProvide preferred parking for 5% of spaces for carpools

− Or Option 3: (residential)Parking capacity – don’t exceed local MINIMUM codeProvide infrastructure and support for shared vehicle use (i.e.

carpool parking, drop off areas, car share services, shuttle services, etc.)

− Or Option 4: (residential or non-residential)Provide no new parking

− Decision maker/specialist: Owner/Civil Engineer− Exemplary Performance – see 4.1


SSc5.1 Sustainable SitesSSc5.1 Sustainable SitesCredit 5.1: Site Development: Protect or Restore Habitat− 1 Credit Point – Design, 1 Extra Credit Point Possible− Intent: To promote biodiversity− How: Limit Greenfield site disturbance to:

− 40 feet beyond building perimeter− 10 feet beyond walkways, patios, surface parking, utilities less

than 12 inches in diameter− 15 feet primary roadways, curbs, and main utility trenches− 25 feet beyond constructed areas with permeable surfaces

− Or on Previously developed sites:− Restore or protect minimum of 50% of site area (excluding bldg

footprint) with native or adapted vegetation− If including vegetative roof in calcs use 20% of total site area (for

urban settings with little or no setback)− Exemplary Performance: Protect or Restore 75% of the site

area− Decision maker/specialist: Owner, contractor, civil engineer


SSc5.2 Sustainable SitesSSc5.2 Sustainable SitesCredit 5.2: Site Development: Maximize Open Space− 1 Credit Point – Design, 1 Extra Credit Point Possible− Intent: High ratio open space, promote biodiversity− How: Limit Greenfield site disturbance to

− Option 1: Reduce development footprint (building plus paved areas) and/or provide vegetated open space within project boundary

to exceed local zoning open space requirement by 25%− Or Option 2: No local zoning requirements (ie some Univ. or Mil)

Provide vegetated open space adjacent to building = to building foot print

− Or Option 3: Local zoning requirements for open space = zero Provide vegetated open space = to 20% of the project site

area− For all options:

Vegetated roofs can contribute to creditIn Urban areas (defined by SSc2) open space not vegetated but

pedestrian oriented can count, but at least 25% must be vegetatedWetlands/ponds count if side slope vegetated and 1:4 ratio or less

− Decision maker/specialist: Owner, Civil Engineer− Exemplary Performance: Double what you need


SSc6.1 Sustainable SitesSSc6.1 Sustainable SitesCredit 6.1: Stormwater Design: Quantity Control− 1 Credit Point – Design − Intent: Support natural hydrology by keeping water on site

longer to support local aquifer and minimizing surge on public systems.

− How:− Option 1: Existing impervious cover is less or = 50%

Stormwater plan:− prevents POST-development peak discharge rate and qty from

exceeding PRE-development levels for 1 and 2 yr 24-hr design storms− OR protects receiving stream channels from excessive erosion thru

protection or quantity control strategies

− Option 2: Existing impervious cover cover is greater than 50%Stormwater plan:

− Decreases Stormwater run off 25% from the 2 yr 24-hr design storm

− Calculations must include pre and anticipated post development discharge rates and quantities

− Decision maker/specialist: civil engineer


SSc6.2 Sustainable SitesSSc6.2 Sustainable SitesCredit 6.2: Stormwater Design: Quality Control− 1 Credit Point – Design − Intent: reduce/eliminate water pollution by increasing onsite

filtration, removing pollutants from run-off− How: Stormwater management plan

− Captures and treats at least 90% of avg rainfall using best practices− Removes 80% of total suspended solids− Follow state or local standards for best practices or provide in-field

performance monitoring (data complies w/ Wash State Dept of Ecology)− Referenced Standards:

− Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Sources of Non-Point Pollution in Coastal Waterways, Jan 1993 (EPA)

− Calculations: − Know annual average rainfalls

− Humid: 40+ inches/yr− Semi-arid: 20-40 inches/yr− Arid: less then 20 inches/yr

− Confirm solids soils can absorb at rate/quantity sufficient for 90% annual rainfall

− Decision maker/specialist: civil engineer


SSc7.1 Sustainable SitesSSc7.1 Sustainable SitesCredit 7.1: Heat Island Effect: Non Roof− 1 Credit Point – Design, 1 Extra Credit Point Possible− Intent: Minimize microclimate impact by reducing heat islands− Jargon: Albedo – reflective power − How:

− Option 1: For 50% of the Site hardscape provide any combination of:Shade within 5 years of occupancyPaving with a Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) value of at least 29 (New

Asphalt=0 weathered=6, gray concrete=35 weathered=19, new white=86 weathered=45)

Open grid pavement system− Or Option 2:

Cover 50% of the parking's spacesRoof must have SRI of at least 29 (white shingles is 28)

− Calculations:− Shaded area = mean value of shaded coverage at 10 am, noon, 3 pm

at summer solstice− Exemplary Performance: double option 1 or 2 (100%)− Decision maker/specialist:

Contractor; LEEP AP landscape architect, architect, civil engineer


SSc7.2 Sustainable SitesSSc7.2 Sustainable SitesCredit 7.2: Heat Island Effect: Roof− 1 Credit Point – Design, 1 Extra Credit Point Possible− Intent: Minimize microclimate impact by reducing

heat islands− How:

− Option 1: Provide 75% of roof surface with of flat roof SRI 78 or higher (slope less then 2:12)of sloped roof SRI 29 or higher (slope greater than 2:12)

− Or Option 2: at least 50% roof surface vegetated− Or Option 3: roof with high albedo (reflectance) and vegetated

75% SRI area plus 50% green area greater then or equal to total area.

− Exemplary Performance: − 100% Green Roof (minus mechanical equipment, PV panels,

skylights)− Decision maker/specialist:

Contractor; LEEP AP landscape architect, architect, civil engineer


SSc8 Sustainable SitesSSc8 Sustainable SitesCredit 8: Light Pollution Reduction− 1 Credit Point – Design − Intent: Minimize Light trespass, sky-glow, glare, dev impact

on nocturnal environment− How: Don’t “over light”

Interior lights shouldn’t exit through windowsKeeps lights offTurn lights off not needed after hoursOnly light for safetyReduce the exterior area lighting levels by 20%Reduce facade and landscape lighting levels by 50%LPD = Lighting Power Densities Lighting Zones include:

LZ1- Dark (park and rural settings)LZ2 – Low (residential areas)LZ3 – Medium (Commercial/Insutrial, High Density residentialLZ4- High (Major City centers, Entertainment Districts)


SSc8 Sustainable SitesSSc8 Sustainable SitesCredit 8: Light Pollution Reduction (con’t)− Reference Standards:

− ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004 Energy standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential – Lighting Section 9 (without amendments)

− Calculations− Exterior Lighting Power Density – use fixture wattage from

manufacturer− Use lighting design software to develop site illumination

model to check compliance with exterior light trespass requirements

− Decision maker/specialist: − LEEP AP lighting specialist


Sample Questions – Sustainable Sample Questions – Sustainable SitesSitesQ.1: Consistent definition of the project site boundary is most

relevant to which three credits?

a. SS Credit 2 Development Density & Community Connectivityb. SS Credit 4.1 Alternative transportation: Public

transportation accessc. SS Credit 8 Light Pollution reductiond. SS Credit 5.2 Site Development: Maximize open space


Sample Questions – Sustainable Sample Questions – Sustainable SitesSitesAnswer Q1:A B D


Sample Questions – Sustainable Sample Questions – Sustainable SitesSitesQ.2: SS Prerequisite 1, Construction Activity Pollution Prevention,

requires addressing which four of the following concerns (choose 4)

a. Air pollution by construction equipment exhaust emissionsb. Increases in imperviousness of the sitec. Loss of soild. Site-specific characteristics that indicate potential for erosione. Sedimentation of pervious paving systemsf. Sedimentation of storm sewers and receiving streamsg. Air pollution by dust and particulate matter


Sample Questions – Sustainable Sample Questions – Sustainable SitesSitesAnswer Q2”C D F G

Key point:concerned with dust and particulates not exhaust


Sample Questions – Sustainable Sample Questions – Sustainable SitesSitesQ.3: Which three of the following are mechanisms by which a landscape design would be most likely to contribute to reduced heat island effects? (choose 3)

a. Evapotranspirationb. Absorptionc. Xeriscapingd. Increased albedo (reflective index)e. Deciduous treesf. Increased imperviousness


Sample Questions – Sustainable Sample Questions – Sustainable SitesSitesAnswer Q3:A D E


Sample Questions – Sustainable Sample Questions – Sustainable SitesSitesQ.4: For which four of the following are LEED credit achievement or the associated credit compliance options most significantly influenced by site selection prior to the design phases of the project? (choose 4)

a. SS Credit 7.1: Heat Island Effect: Non Roofb. SS Credit 4.2: Alternative transportation: Bicycle Storage and Changing Roomsc. SS Credit 5.1: Site Development: Protect or Restore Habitatd. SS Credit 4.1: Alternative Transportation: Public Transportation Access e. SS Credit 4.4: Alternative Transportation: Low Emitting and Fuel Efficient Vehiclesf. SS Credit 8: Light pollutiong. SS Credit 3 Brownfield Redevelopment


Sample Questions – Sustainable Sample Questions – Sustainable SitesSitesAnswer Q4:C D F G

Key points- f – because of different zones and requirements by zone


Sample Questions – Sustainable Sample Questions – Sustainable SitesSitesQ.5: The design team has elected to pursue strategies addressing 50% of the hardscape surfaces on the site to meet the requirements of SS Credit 7.1 Heat Island Effect: Non-roof.

Which three of the following should the LEED Accredited Professional verify? (choose 3)

a. Effective tree-shaded area of the hardscape featuresb. Solar reflectance index for all non-standard paving materials proposedc. Percentage perviousness of proposed open grid paving systemsd. Emissivity of all low-albedo hardscape features in the designe. Run-off coefficients for impervious paving materials selected


Sample Questions – Sustainable Sample Questions – Sustainable SitesSitesAnswer Q5:A B C


Sample Questions – Sustainable Sample Questions – Sustainable SitesSitesQ.6: The site for a small office building design is largely covered by an existing impervious asphalt parking lot. The project proposes to tear out the asphalt and put in a courtyard and vegetated berm between the courtyard and the sidewalk. The courtyard will use pervious paving materials. The remainder of the site area beyond the courtyard will be fully occupied by the new building.

Which four of the following pieces of information would be pertinent to determining whether the project qualifies for SS Credit 6.1: Stormwater Design: Quantity Control, and should either be provided to or obtained from the civil engineer? (Choose four)

a. The pre-development discharge rate for all existing impervious asphalt-covered site areab. Calculations summing the total area of all stormwater drains for both the existing site and design casesc. Calculations demonstrating that the existing site imperviousness exceeds 50%d. Calculations demonstrating that the impervious area of the site will be reduced by 25%e. Vegetation type and slope for the proposed bermf. Perviousness of the courtyard paving


Sample Questions – Sustainable Sample Questions – Sustainable SitesSitesAnswer Q6:A C D F

Key points- Goal to eliminate storm water drainage


Water EfficiencyWater Efficiency


WEc1.1 Water EfficiencyWEc1.1 Water EfficiencyCredit 1.1: Water Efficient Landscaping: Reduce by

50%− 1 Credit Point – Design − Intent: Limit potable water use by plants− Jargon TWA… Total Water Applied− How:

− Reduce potable (drinking quality) water consumption for irrigation by 50% from calculated mid-summer baseline

− Reduction attributed to any combination of”Plant selection (use native species)Irrigation system efficiencyUse captured rain waterUse recycled wastewaterUse public non potable water

− Decision maker/specialist: Landscape architect


WEc1.2 Water EfficiencyWEc1.2 Water EfficiencyCredit 1.2: Water Efficient Landscaping: No Potable

WaterUse or No Irrigation

− 1 Credit Point – Design − Intent: Limit potable water use for plants− Jargon TWA… Total Water Applied – not even in the

glossary− How:

− Achieve WE Credit 1.1 and use only captured rainwater, waste water etc.

− OR install landscaping that does not require permanent irrigation system (temporary to get plants established okay if removed within 1 year)


WEc1.2 Water Efficiency WEc1.2 Water Efficiency (con’t)(con’t)− Calculations (know concept, don’t need to memorize formulas)

− Landscape Coefficient (KL): volume of water lost by evapotranspiration

− Species factor (ks): variation of water needs by different plant species

− Density factor (kd): number of plants and total leaf area− Microclimate factor (kmc): environment conditions of the landscape

including temperature, wind, and humidity− Step 1:

− Determine landscape area – sort by type, determine ks, kd, and kmc for each area.

− Calculate KL = ks x kd x kmc. − Calculate ET0 (local evapotranspiration rate in July) − Calculate ETL (project evapotranspiration rate = ET0 x KL).− Determine design case water usage (total). See book for calcs

− Step 2:− Determine all of above for conventional landscape

− Step 3:− Using design case and baseline information determine % potable

water reduction


WEc2 Water EfficiencyWEc2 Water Efficiency− Credit 2: Innovative Wastewater Technologies− 1 Credit Point – Design, 1 Extra Credit Point Possible− Intent: Reduce wastewater generation and increase aquifer

recharge− How:

− Option 1: Reduce potable water use for sewer conveyance by 50% through use of water conserving fixtures or non-potable water

− Or Option 2: Treat 50% of waste water on site to tertiary standards. Water must be infiltrated or used on-site

− Calculations− Option 1:

Sewage volume = uses x duration (min or flushes) x (water volume/use)Daily Sewage generation = (male occupants x male sewage vol) +

(female occupants x female sewage volume)Annual sewage generation = daily sewage generation (gal/day) x

workdays

− Exemplary Performance:: − 100% reduction in potable use for sewage− Or on-site treatment of 100% of generated wastewater

− Decision maker/specialist: Mechanical Engineer


WEc3.1 Water EfficiencyWEc3.1 Water EfficiencyCredit 3.1: Water Use Reduction: 20% Reduction− 1 Credit Point – Design − Intent: Reduce potable water usage− How:

− Use, in aggregate at least 20% less than the water use baseline for the building (NIC landscape)

− Baseline is based on EPA 1992 fixture performance requirements

− Calculations only include:Water closetsLavatory faucetsShowersKitchen Sinks

− Referenced Standard:− Energy Policy Act of 1992 water usage requirements

− Decision maker/specialist: Owner, Mechanical engineer


WEc3.2 Water EfficiencyWEc3.2 Water EfficiencyCredit 3.2: Water Use Reduction: 30% Reduction− 1 Credit Point – Design, 1 Extra Credit Point Possible if you hit

40%

− Intent: Reduce potable water usage− How:

Same as 3.1

− Exemplary Performance:− Additional point for achieving 40% or more− Point also available in ID (industrial design) for

demonstrating potable water use reduction in process and non-regulated water-consuming fixtures

− For Test: Review water uses per day and by fixture type – tables in reference guide (ie female use water closet 3x/day, toilet flush flow rate = 1.6 gpf)


Sample Questions – Water Sample Questions – Water EfficiencyEfficiencyQ.1: In the context of the LEED rating system, a documented 40% reduction of potable water use within the building beyond what would result from meeting the 1992 Energy Policy Act requirements, could earn which one of the following:

a. Zero points, as it falls short of the 50% minimum for WE Credit 1.1 Water Efficient Landscapingb. One point under WE Credit 3, Water use reductionc. One point for ID Credit 1, Innovation in Design, Exemplary Performanced. Two points under WE Credit 3, Water Use reductione. Three points, including one point under SS Credit 6, Stormwater Management and one point under WE Credit 3, Water use reductionf. three points, including two points under WE Credit 3: Water Use reduction and one point under ID credit 1, Innovation in Design, Exemplary Performance


Sample Questions – Water Sample Questions – Water EfficiencyEfficiencyAnswer Q1:F


Sample Questions – Water Sample Questions – Water EfficiencyEfficiencyQ.2: Which three of the following might contribute to WE Credit 1, Water Efficient Landscaping? (choose three)

a. planting of hardwood trees to provide shadeb. use of native or adapted plant speciesc. substitution of turf grass for other types of vegetationd. reduction of pervious surface arease. reduction of total landscaped areasf. a combination of vegetated swales and rain capture


Sample Questions – Water Sample Questions – Water EfficiencyEfficiencyAnswer Q2:A B F

Key points- shade reduces evaporative rates- calcs based on landscape area – which is always same for base line and design case


Sample Questions – Water Sample Questions – Water EfficiencyEfficiencyQ.3: In an office facility,the design includes a rainwater

harvesting system that collects 16,000 gallons of water annually. The rainwater is used for flushing water closets.

What information is necessary to calculate the reduction in potable water demand for building sewage conveyance (option 1) for achieving WE Credit 2, Innovative Wastewater Technologies? (choose three)

a. annual work daysb. flow rates of faucetsc. number of FTE and transient building occupantsd. total daily volume of wastewater generatede. total daily volume of process water generated


Sample Questions – Water Sample Questions – Water EfficiencyEfficiencyAnswer Q3:A C D

Key points- Process of elimination - black water (sewage) is toilets, kitchen sinks/dishwashers so facuets and process water don’t apply


Energy and AtmosphereEnergy and Atmosphere


EAp1 Energy and AtmosphereEAp1 Energy and Atmosphere− Prerequisite 1: Fundamental Commissioning of the Building Energy

Systems− 0 Points – Prerequisites - Construction− Intent: To ensure the MEP systems are properly installed and operating− How:

− Designate commissioning authority: Must have appropriate experience, independent of project’s design and construction, report results/findings directly to building owner

− Owner documents Owners project requirements, Design Team develops basis of design, commissioning authority reviews these docs.

− Incorporate commissioning requirements into construction docs− Implement commissioning plan− Verify installation and performance of systems− Complete a summary commissioning report− Commissioned systems must include, at minimum: (MEMORIZE LIST)

HVAC & R systems and controlsLighting and Day lighting controlDomestic hot water SystemsRenewable Energy Systems

− For buildings over 50K SF – agent otherwise can be EE/ME/GC


EAp2 Energy and AtmosphereEAp2 Energy and Atmosphere− Prerequisite 2: Minimum Energy Performance− 0 Points – Prerequisites - Construction− Intent: Reduce wastewater generation and increase aquifer

recharge− How:

− Comply with both:ASHRAE/EISNA Standard 90.1 – 2004:

Mandatory provisions AND prescriptive requirements or performance requirements

− Reference Standard: (memorize 90.1 = Building Energy Performance)− ASHRAE/EISNA Standard 90.1 – 2004 Energy Standards for

Building Except Low-Rise Residential, addressing:− Building Envelope− HVAC− Service Water Heating− Power− Lighting− Other Equipment



EAp3 Energy and AtmosphereEAp3 Energy and Atmosphere− Prerequisite 3: Fundamental Refrigerant

Management− 0 Points – Prerequisites - Construction− Intent: Reduce Ozone depletion− How:

− Zero use of CFC-based refrigerants in new systems or phase out plan for existing systems before project completion.

Small HVAC units, refrigerators, etc are exempt (less than 0.5 lbs refrigerant)

Note: CFC’s no longer used , usually only found in older buildings


EAc1 Energy and AtmosphereEAc1 Energy and AtmosphereCredit 1: Optimize Energy Performance− 1 to 10 Credit Points – Design − Intent: increase energy performance − How:

− Must get two points for LEED-NC projects registered after 6/26/07 − Really long process.. Lots of paper work− Option 1 – whole building energy simulation (1-10 Points)

% improvement over ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1 – 200410.5% to 42% savings new construction3.5% to 35% savings for building renovation

− OR Option 2 – prescriptive compliance ( 4 points)for small office buildings < 20k SF Comply with Advanced Energy Design Guide

− OR Option 3 – prescriptive compliance (2–5 points) Advance Buildings Core Performance GuideBuildings under 100,000 sf – not healthcare, warehouse, labsComply with Section: One, Design Process Strategies; and

Two, Core Professional Requirements− OR Option 4 – Prescriptive Compliance (1 point)

− No longer an option


EAc1 Energy and AtmosphereEAc1 Energy and AtmosphereCredit 1: Optimize Energy Performance (con’t)

− Referenced Standards− Option 1: ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1 – 2004 Energy standard for

buildings except low-rise residential, and informative appendix G – Performance Rating Method

− Option 2: ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guide for Small Office Buildings 2004

− Option 3: Advanced Building Benchmark Version 1.1

− Calculations− Option 1:

relies on performance rating method in 90.1 Appendix G

requires Five simulation runs: one for proposed design and four for baseline design (four different orientations)



EAc2 Energy and AtmosphereEAc2 Energy and AtmosphereCredit 2: On-Site Renewable Energy− 1 to 3 Credit Points – Design − Intent: increase renewable energy self- supply – reduce

impacts associated with fossil fuel − How:

− Use on-site renewable energy systems to offset building energy cost NOT usage (ie PV Systems, solar panels, bio fuel, geo-thermal)

− 2.5 % production = 1 point− 7.5 % production = 2 points− 12.5 % production = 3 points

− Referenced Standards:− ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1 – 2004: Energy Standards for Buildings except

low-rise residential− Calculations

− Use baseline from EA Credit 1 or DOE’s information on avg energy use per sf for commercial buildings and avg energy costs per state

− Decision maker/specialist− Owner, mechanical engineer/solar design and installation expert


EAc3 Energy and AtmosphereEAc3 Energy and AtmosphereCredit 3: Enhanced Commissioning− 1 Credit Points – Construction− Intent: start commissioning early during design

process, execute additional activities after verification completed

− How:− Commissioning Agent (CxA) – independent, experienced

does:One review prior to mid-construction doc phaseReview applicable contractor submittalsReview building operations within 10 months

− CxA or Other team members:Develop systems manual for future operating staffVerify training of Operating staff completed


EAc4 Energy and AtmosphereEAc4 Energy and AtmosphereCredit 4: Enhanced Refrigerant Management−1 Credit Point – Design −Intent: minimize global warming and ozone

depletion while complying with the Montreal Protocol

−How:−Option 1 – do not use refrigerants−OR Option 2 – use refrigerants and HVAC&R that

minimize or eliminate emission of compounds that contribute to ozone depletion

Comply with a maximum threshold for ozone depletion potential and global warming potential


EAc4 Energy and AtmosphereEAc4 Energy and AtmosphereCredit 4: Enhanced Refrigerant Management (con’t)− Calculations:

− Need to know for all HVAC&R equipmentRefrigerant charge (ratio of lbs required to cooling

capacity)Refrigerant typeEquipment type

− Calculate lifecycle, ozone depletion potential, global warming potential

− Combined these give indicator for lifetime environmental impact of equipment (LEI).

− Decision maker/specialist− Mechanical engineer


EAc5 Energy and AtmosphereEAc5 Energy and AtmosphereCredit 5: Measurement & Verification− 1 Credit Point – Design − Intent: provide for ongoing accountability of

building energy consumption over time− How:

− Develop and implement plan consistent with IPMVP, April 2003

Option D: Calibrated simulationOR Option B: Energy conservation measure isolation

− Must do it for at least one year after occupancy− Referenced Standards

− International Performance Measurement & Verification Protocol Volume III: Concepts for Determining Energy Savings in New Construction, April 2003 - Options B, D

− Decision maker/specialist:− Mechanical Engineer, Facility Engineer


EAc6 Energy and AtmosphereEAc6 Energy and AtmosphereCredit 6: Green Power − 1 Credit Point – Construction, 1 Extra Credit Point Possible − Intent: To encourage the use of renewable energy technologies− How:

− Provide at least 35% of building’s electricity usage from renewable sources

− And Engage in at least 2-year contract − Referenced Standards

− Center for Resource Solutions Green e-Products Certification Requirements

− Calculations− Percentage calculation from EA 1 to determine baseline− Energy Consumption NOT Cost− Or use DOE’s avg energy consumption per sf for commercial

buildings− Exemplary Performance

− Double requirements either by amount of electricity or length of contract

− Decision maker/specialist: owner


Sample Questions – Energy and Sample Questions – Energy and AtmosphereAtmosphereQ.1: Which three of the following could contribute to

earning EA Credit 2, on-site renewable energy? (choose three)

a. Passive solar design features that capture

measurable winter heating energy from the sunb. Building-integrated photovoltaic solar panels that

provide electricity to the buildingc. A wind farm located within 50 miles of the project

and owned and operated by the local utility provider

d. A heat pump that extracts heat from the ground in the winter and uses it as a heat sink in the summer

e. Active solar-thermal collectors as a means of heating service hot water

f. An on-site electric generator powered by geothermal energy


Sample Questions – Energy and Sample Questions – Energy and AtmosphereAtmosphereAnswer Q1:B E F

Key pointsA – not source of energyC – not on-siteD – not energy


Sample Questions – Energy and Sample Questions – Energy and AtmosphereAtmosphereQ.2: IEA Prerequisite 3, Fundamental Refrigerant

Management involves which three of the following? (choose three)

a. Fan motors and variable frequency drives for

ventilation air handlersb. Base building air conditioning systemsc. Boilers for heating systemsd. Reuse of existing HVAC&R systemse. Elimination of substances with high ozone-

depleting potential from use in the building systems

f. Elimination of all substances with global-warming or ozone-depleting potential from building systems


Sample Questions – Energy and Sample Questions – Energy and AtmosphereAtmosphereAnswer Q2:B D E

Key pointsF –not in this credit – in the enhanced credit


Sample Questions – Energy and Sample Questions – Energy and AtmosphereAtmosphereQ.3: The engineer on a class-A 20,000 sf office tower project in a hot,

humid climate has proposed a co-generation system that would burn natural gas to provide electricity, cooling, heating, hot water, and dehumidification of outside air. She had projected that the gas-turbine powered electric generator will supply more than half of the building’s electrical energy in an average year. The waste heat from the turbine exhaust will be used to drive an absorption chiller for cooling the building without the use of CFCs or HCFCs. This waste heat will also be used to dry the desiccant wheel that will dehumidify outside air, thus dramatically reducing cooling loads. To which two of the following LEED Credits might these strategies contribute? (choose two)

a. EA Credit 3, Enhanced Commissioningb. EA Credit 2, On-site Renewable Energyc. EA Credit 4, Enhanced Refrigerant Managementd. EA Credit 6, Green Powere. EA Credit 1, Optimize Energy Performance


Sample Questions – Energy and Sample Questions – Energy and AtmosphereAtmosphereAnswer Q3:C E


Sample Questions – Energy and Sample Questions – Energy and AtmosphereAtmosphereQ.4: Achieving EA Credit 3, Enhanced Commissioning,

requires, at a minimum, that the commissioning authority complete which three of the following: (choose three)

a. Review the design prior to the design development

phaseb. Review the design prior to the mid-construction

documents phasec. Review the design at the completion of the

construction documents phased. Review the contractor submittals relative to systems

being commissionede. Verify that systems being commissioned use no

more energy than projected by energy modelingf. Review the facility and its performance 8-10 months

after substantial completion or hand-over


Sample Questions – Energy and Sample Questions – Energy and AtmosphereAtmosphereAnswer Q4:B D F


Sample Questions – Energy and Sample Questions – Energy and AtmosphereAtmosphereQ.5: Which three of the following are, for the purposes

of EA Credit 1, Optimize Energy Performance, considered to be process energy loads, rather than regulated (non-process) loads? (choose three)

a. Space cooling equipmentb. Office equipmentc. Parking garage lightingd. Service water heatinge. Elevatorsf. Waterfall pumps


Sample Questions – Energy and Sample Questions – Energy and AtmosphereAtmosphereAnswer Q5:B E F

Key points- Regulated are things designer/builder can control. Can’t control things like office equipment which are tenant controlled


Materials and ResourcesMaterials and Resources


MRp1 Materials and MRp1 Materials and ResourcesResourcesPrerequisite 1: Storage and Collection of Recyclables− 0 Points – Prerequisites - Construction− Intent: Reduce waste sent to landfills, encourage

recycling− How:

− Provide easily accessible area for the entire building and is dedicated to collection and storage of non-hazardous materials for recycling including (at minimum)

PaperCorrugated cardboardGlassPlasticsMetals

− Decision maker/specialist− Owner/architect


MRp1 Materials and MRp1 Materials and ResourcesResourcesPrerequisite 1: Storage and Collection of Recyclables,

Con’t

Space Guidelines

Space Provided (sq ft) Building Size (sq ft)

82 0 – 5,000

125 5,000 – 15,000

175 15,000 – 50,000

225 50,000 – 100,000

275 100,000 – 200,000

500>200,000


MRc1.1 Materials and MRc1.1 Materials and ResourcesResourcesCredit 1.1 Building Reuse : Maintain 75% of

Existing Walls, Floors, & Roofs

− 1 Credit Point - Construction− Intent: To extend Building Life's by maximizing use

of existing − How:

− Keep 75% (based on surface area) of the existing building structure (including structural floor and roof decking) and envelope (exterior skin and framing excluding window assemblies and non-structural roofing materials)

− Hazardous materials not remediated as part of project scope excluded from calcs of percentage maintained

− If project includes addition to existing building, credit not applicable is sf of addition is more than 2x sf of existing building

− Calculations:− Quantify each item, list sf and retained sf− Area measurements are made same as contractor would for

preparing bid

− Decision maker/specialist: Contractor, Architect


MRc1.2 Materials and MRc1.2 Materials and ResourcesResourcesCredit 1.2: Building Reuse : Maintain 95% of

existingWalls, Floors, and Roofs



− Keep additional 20% (95% total based on surface area) of the existing building structure (including structural floor and roof decking) and envelope (exterior skin and framing excluding window assemblies and non-structural roofing materials)

− Hazardous materials not remediated as part of project scope excluded from calcs of percentage maintained


− Calculations:− Quantify each item, list sf and retained sf− Area measurements are made same as contractor would for

preparing bid



MRc1.3 Materials and MRc1.3 Materials and ResourcesResourcesCredit 1.3 Building Reuse : Maintain 50% of

InteriorNonstructural Elements



− Keep at least 50% (by area) of the existing interior nonstructural elements (interior walls, doors, floor covering, and ceiling systems) of the completed building (including additions)




MRc2.1 Materials and MRc2.1 Materials and ResourcesResourcesCredit 2.1: Construction Waste Management:

Divert 50% from Disposal− 1 Credit Point - Construction− Intent: To reduce construction waste by redirecting

reusable materials− How:

− Recycle and/or Salvage at least 50% of nonhazardous construction and demolition waste

− Identity plan on how waste will be sorted and stored – could be offsite sorting

− Excavated soil and land-clearing debris not included in credit− Always provide consistent measures either weight or volume

− Decision maker/specialist:− Contractor


MRc2.2 Materials and MRc2.2 Materials and ResourcesResourcesCredit 2.2 Construction Waste Management:

Divert 75% from disposal− 1 Credit Point – Construction, 1 Extra Credit Point

Possible− Intent: To reduce construction waste by redirecting

reusable materials− How:

− Recycle and/or Salvage an additional 25% beyond MR Credit 2.1 (75% total) of non-hazardous construction and demolition debris

− Excavated soil and land-clearing debris not included in credit− Always provide consistent measures either weight or volume

− Exemplary Performance: if 95% or greater diverted− Decision maker/specialist:

− Contractor, Architect


MRc3.1 Materials and MRc3.1 Materials and ResourcesResourcesCredit 3.1: Materials Reuse - 5%− 1 Credit Points – Construction− Intent: To protect virgin resources by reusing

building materials and products − How:

− Use salvaged, refurbished or reused material for 5% of all project materials based on cost (MEMORIZE THIS)

− Do not include MEP or specialized items, only items permanently installed on project

− Include Furniture only if furniture is included throughout MR Credits 3-7

− Decision maker/specialist− Contractor, Architect


MRc3.2 Materials and MRc3.2 Materials and ResourcesResourcesCredit 3.2: Materials Reuse - 10%− 1 Credit Point – Construction, 1 Extra Credit Point

Possible − Intent: To protect virgin resources by reusing

building materials and products − How:

− Use salvaged, refurbished or reused material for 10% of all project materials based on cost (MEMORIZE THIS)



− Exemplary Performance− If equal to or at least 15% of total materials cost

− Decision maker/specialist− Contractor, Architect


MRc4.1 Materials and MRc4.1 Materials and ResourcesResourcesCredit 4.1: Recycled Content 10% post consumer and

50% of pre consumer− 1 Credit Points – Construction− Intent: To protect virgin resources by reusing building

materials and products − How:

− Use materials with recycled content such that: sum of post-consumer plus ½ pre-consumer content (ie waste from production process) = at least 10% (based on cost) of the total value of all materials on project

− Recycled content value of a material assembly determined by weight. Recycled fraction then multiplied by cost to of assembly to determine recycled content value.


− Include Furniture only if furniture is included throughout MR Credits 3-7− Referenced Standards

− Recycled content defined in accordance with International Organizations for Standardization document, ISO 14201 – Environmental labels and declarations – Self-declared environmental claims (Type II environmental labeling)



MRc4.2 Materials and MRc4.2 Materials and ResourcesResourcesCredit 4.2: Recycled Content 20% post consumer and

50% of pre consumer− 1 Credit Points – Construction 1 Extra Credit Point Possible− Intent: To protect virgin resources by reusing building materials

and products − How:

− Use materials with recycled content such that: sum of post-consumer plus ½ pre-consumer content (ie waste from production process) = at least additional 10% above MR Credit 4.1 (20% total) (based on cost) of the total value of all materials on project

− Recycled content value of a material assembly determined by weight. Recycled fraction then multiplied by cost to of assembly to determine recycled content value.


− Include Furniture only if furniture is included throughout MR Credits 3-7− Referenced Standards

− Recycled content defined in accordance with International Organizations for Standardization document, ISO 14201 – Environmental labels and declarations – Self-declared environmental claims (Type II environmental labeling)

− Exemplary Performance – if total recycled value 30% or greater


MRc5.1 Materials and MRc5.1 Materials and ResourcesResourcesCredit 5.1: Regional Materials: 10% Extracted,

Processed,and Manufactured Regionally

− 1 Credit Points – Construction− Intent: To reduce material transport by increasing

demand for building products made within the region.

− How:− Use minimum of 10% (Based on COST of total materials value) of

building materials or products extracted, harvested or recovered AND manufactured within 500 miles of the project site

− Consider fractions for products or materials that meet these requirements as fractions of products (by Weight)




MRc5.2 Materials and MRc5.2 Materials and ResourcesResourcesCredit 5.2: Regional Materials: 20% Extracted,

Processed,and Manufactured Regionally

− 1 Credit Point – Construction, 1 Extra Credit Point Possible− Intent: To reduce material transport by increasing demand for

building products made within the region. − How:

− Use additional 10% (20% total - based on COST of total materials value) of building materials or products extracted, harvested or recovered AND manufactured within 500 miles of the project site

− Consider fractions for products or materials that meet these requirements as fractions of products (by Weight)



− Exemplary Performance – if total recycled value 40% or greater

− Decision maker/specialist: Contractor, architect


MRc6 Materials and ResourcesMRc6 Materials and ResourcesCredit 6: Rapidly Renewable Materials (2.5%)− 1 Credit Point – Construction, 1 Extra Credit Point

Possible− Intent: To protect long cycle materials by using

rapidly renewable materials− How:

− Use at least 2.5% of rapidly renewable building materials and products (made from plants typically harvested with 10-yr or less cycle)

− Percentage based on cost of total value of all building materials and products used on project

− Rapidly renewable = made from plants typically harvested with 10-yr or less cycle


− Exemplary Performance: if 5% of greater− Decision maker/specialist: Contractor, Architect− Sample materials: Bamboo, linoleum with green

sealant, wool, cotton, wheat/straw board, cork, etc.


MRc7 Materials and ResourcesMRc7 Materials and ResourcesCredit 7: Certified Wood− 1 Credit Point – Construction, 1 Extra Credit Point Possible− Intent: To support forest management by using certified wood − How:

− Use Minimum 50% wood based materials and products which are certified wood building components (by value – Cost)

− Components include, but not limited to, structural wood framing and general dimensional framing, flooring, sub-flooring, wood doors and finishes

− Include materials permanently installed in project. Wood products purchased for temporary use (ie framework, bracing, scaffolding, sidewalk protection, guard rails, etc) included in calc at project teams discretion.

− Include Furniture only if furniture is included throughout MR Credits 3-7− Referenced Standards:

− Forest Stewardship Council's Principals and Criteria − Exemplary Credit: if 95% or greater FSC-certified wood− Decision maker/specialist: Contractor, Architect


Sample Questions – Materials and Sample Questions – Materials and ResourcesResourcesQ.1: Which four of the following materials may contribute to MR

Credit 4 Recycled Content, as pre-consumer recycled content? (choose four)

a. Metal wall studs that contain a known percentage of scrap and trimmings collected and fed back into the same manufacturing process

b. Cotton insulation made from denim scraps recovered from the manufacture of blue jeans

c. Composite board manufactured with a known percentage of waste wood trips and sawdust collected from an independently operated saw mill

d. Concrete made with fly ash content removed from incinerators and coal burning power plants

e. Crushed brick recovered from a building demolished to make way for the current project and used as drainage base for the pervious courtyard of the new building

f. Carpet padding made from waste fiber recovered from textile manufacturing plants


Sample Questions – Materials and Sample Questions – Materials and ResourcesResourcesAnswer Q1:B C D F

Key pointsA – same manufacturing process – doesn’t countE – re-used not re-cycled


Sample Questions – Materials and Sample Questions – Materials and ResourcesResourcesQ.2: The percentage calculation for MR Credit 6,

Rapidly Renewable Materials, accounts for which two? (choose two)

a. Cost of rapidly renewable materialsb. Volume of rapidly renewable materialsc. Combined weight for all rapidly renewable

materialsd. Total materials cost for the project


Sample Questions – Materials and Sample Questions – Materials and ResourcesResourcesAnswer Q2:A D


Sample Questions – Materials and Sample Questions – Materials and ResourcesResourcesQ.3: As part of an urban redevelopment effort, the city

is renovating a 30,000-sf timber frame warehouse into a multi-use project with an additional 70,000-sf of new construction. This 100,000-sf project reuses the warehouse, replaces single pane glazing with energy efficient windows manufactured in a neighboring city, and installs reclaimed wood floors donated from a local company. Based on the above information, which three credits may be applicable to this project's LEED certification application? (choose three)

a. MR Credit 7, Certified Woodb. MR Credit 1, Building Reusec. MR Credit 3, Materials Reused. MR Credit 5, Regional Materialse. MR Credit 2, Construction Waste Management


Sample Questions – Materials and Sample Questions – Materials and ResourcesResourcesAnswer Q3:C D E

Key pointsUse process of elimination – not A or B, therefore C, D, E


Sample Questions – Materials and Sample Questions – Materials and ResourcesResourcesQ.4: A national park visitor center is to be constructed principally

from a combination of stone from local queries, wood posts and beams salvaged from barns and other large buildings in the region, and FSC certified wood for trim and other amenities. The owner is interested in knowing whether the project meets the requirements of MR Credit 7, Certified Wood. The qualification of products and determination of their contribution to MR Credit 7, Certified Wood requires keeping track of which two of the following? (choose two)

a. Cost of certified wood products as a fraction of all materials used on the project

b. Cost of certified wood products as a fraction of all new wood products used on the project

c. Weight of certified wood products as a fraction of all new wood products used on the project

d. Appropriate chain-of-custody documentation for all FSC certified wood products

e. Appropriate chain-of-custody documentation for all new wood products used on the project


Sample Questions – Materials and Sample Questions – Materials and ResourcesResourcesAnswer Q4:B D


Material And Resources Material And Resources (MR)(MR)−(P) Storage and Collection of Recyclables −(1) Reuse Structure 75% or 95%

-- Reuse Interior 50%−(2) Construction Wasted Diversion 50% or

75% or 95%***−(3) Material Reuse 5% or 10% or 15% ***−(4) Recycled Content 10% or 20% or 30% ***−(5) Regional Materials 10% or 20% or 40%

***−(6) Rapidly Renewable 2.5% total $ or 5%***−(7) Certified Wood 50% or 95%***


Indoor Environmental QualityIndoor Environmental Quality


Indoor Environmental QualityIndoor Environmental Quality− Used to be called Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)− Wanted to convey not just about off-gassing – more

about quality of space


EQp1 Indoor Environmental EQp1 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityPrerequisite 1: Minimum IAQ Performance− O Points – Prerequisites - Design− Intent: To enhance comfort and health by maximizing indoor

air quality− How:

− Option 1− Meet minimum requirements of Sections 4 through 7 of ASHRAE 62.1-

2004 Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality (memorize this)− Mechanical ventilation systems shall be designed using the Ventilation

Rate Procedure or appropriate local code, whichever is more stringent

− Option 2 − Naturally Ventilated buildings shall comply with Paragraph 5.1 of

ASHRAE 62.1-2004

− Reference Standard: − ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004 Ventilation for Acceptable Air Quality

− Decision maker/specialist: Mechanical engineer


EQp2 Indoor Environmental EQp2 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityPrerequisite 2: Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Control− O Points – Prerequisites - Design− Intent: minimize Tobacco Smoke from building occupants,

surfaces and air distribution systems− How:

− Option 1− No smoking in building− Locate any designated exterior smoking areas at least 25 feet from

doors, outside air intakes, operable windows

− OR Option 2− No smoking in building EXCEPT in designated areas− Locate any designated exterior smoking areas at least 25 feet from

doors, outside air intakes, operable windows− Locate designated smoking rooms to effectively contain, capture,

remove ETS from building− Negative pressure of smoking room verified by 15 minute

measurement with a minimum of 1 measurement every 10 seconds of differential pressure in smoking room with respect to each adjacent area and and vertical chase


EQp2 Indoor Environmental EQp2 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityPrerequisite 2: Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Control (Con’t)

− OR Option 3 (for residential buildings only)− No smoking in common areas− Locate any designated exterior smoking areas at least 25 feet from doors,

outside air intakes, operable windows opening to common areas− Minimize uncontrolled pathways for ETS transfer between individual

residential units by sealing penetrations in walls, ceilings, and floors and sealing vertical chases adjacent to units

− All doors in residential units leading to common hallways shall be weather-stripped to minimize air leakage into hallway.

− Referenced Standard:− ANSI/ASTM-E779-03, Standard Test Method fro determining Air

Leakage Rate by Fan Pressurization− Residential Manual for Compliance with California’s 2001 Energy

Efficiency Standards (For Low-Rise Residential Buildings), Chapter 4− Decision maker/specialist: Owner, Architect/Mechanical Engineer


EQc1 Indoor Environmental EQc1 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 1: Outdoor Air Delivery Monitoring − 1 Credit Point - Design− Intent: To maintain occupant comfort my monitoring

ventilation− How:

− Institute permanent monitoring systems which provides feedback on ventilation performance

− Configure all monitoring equipment to generate an alarm when conditions vary by 10% or more from set point

− For Mechanically Ventilated spaces:− For densely occupied spaces (>25 people/1000 sf) monitor CO2

concentrates− For non-densely occupied spaces, provide direct outdoor air flow

measurement device with accuracy of +/- 15% of design min outdoor rate as defined by ASHRAE 62.1-2004

− For Naturally ventilated spaces:− Monitor CO2 concentrations in room between 3 and 6 feet above

floor

− Decision maker/specialist: − Mechanical engineer


EQc2 Indoor Environmental EQc2 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 2: Increased Ventilation− 1 Credit Points – Construction − Intent: To enhance comfort and health by providing more outdoor

air ventilation − How:

− Option 1 – mechanically ventilated spaces− Increase breathing zone outdoor ventilation rates to occupied

spaces by 30% over minimum rates in ASHRAE 62.1-2004 (per prerequisite 1)

− Option 2 - Naturally ventilated spaces− Meet recommendations in the Carbon Trust Good Practice Guide

237.− Determine natural ventilation a good idea using flow diagram in

Figure 1.18 Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE) Application Manual 10: 2005, Natural Ventilation in Non-Domestic Buildings

− AND use diagrams and calcs to show natural ventilation design meets CIBSE

− OR use a macroscopic, multi-zone analytic mode to predict natural airflow will meet minimum ventilation requirements in ASHRAE 62.1-2004, Chapter 6, for at least 90% of occupied spaces


EQc2 Indoor Environmental EQc2 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 2: Increased Ventilation (con’t)

− Reference Standards (memorize these)− ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004: Ventilation for Acceptable

Indoor Air Quality− The Carbon Trust Good Practice Guide 237 – Natural

Ventilation in Non-Domestic Buildings – A Guide for Designers, Developers, and Others

− Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE) Application Manual 10: 2005, Natural Ventilation in Non-Domestic Buildings



EQc3.1 Indoor Environmental EQc3.1 Indoor Environmental QualityQuality Credit 3.1: Construction IAQ Management Plan: During

Construction− 1 Credit Points – Construction− Intent: To enhance comfort and health by reducing IAQ

problems during Construction − How: Develop and Implement indoor IAQ management plan

for construction and pre occupancy phases− During Construction meet or exceed recommended control measures of

the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association (SMACNA) IAQ Guidelines for Occupied Buildings Under Construction, 1995, Chapter 3

− Protect stored on-site or installed absorptive materials from moisture damage

− If permanently installed air-handlers used during construction, use filtration material with a Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value (MERV) of 8 at each Return air grill determined by ASHRAE 52.2-1999

− Replace all filtration material immediately before occupancy

− Reference Standards:− IAQ Guidelines for Occupied Buildings Under Construction− ANSI/ASHRAE 52.2-1999: Method of Testing General Ventilation Air-

Cleaning Devices for removal Efficiency by Particle Size

− Decision maker/specialist: Contractor


EQc3.2 Indoor Environmental EQc3.2 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 3.2 Construction IAQ Management Plan: Before Occupancy− 1 Credit Points – Construction− Intent: To enhance comfort and health by reducing IAQ

problems during Construction − How: Develop and Implement indoor IAQ management plan

for pre occupancy phase− Option 1A – Flush out: After construction, prior to occupancy and

all interior finishes installed, flush-out by supplying 14,000 cu ft of outdoor air per sf of floor area while maintaining at least 60 degrees and 60% or less relative humidity (This is Full Flush Out)

− OR Option 1B – if occupancy prior to above flush out completion: start with 3,500 cu ft/sq ft. Once occupied start 3 hours before work until the 14,000 has been reached. Until the 14000 has been reached maintain at least .30 cu ft /min per sf of outside air. (This is Partial Flush Out)

− Option 2 – Air Quality Testing: conduct baseline IAQ testing prior to occupancy consistent with US EPA Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Air Pollutants in Indoor Air; demonstrate contaminant maximum concentration listed in guide not exceeded (This is Test)


EQc3.2 Indoor Environmental EQc3.2 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 3.2 Construction IAQ Management Plan: Before Occupancy

(Con’t)

− Referenced Standards− United States Environmental Protection Agency “Compendium of

Methods for the Determination of Air Pollutants in Indoor Air”− Decision maker/specialist:

− Contractor


EQc4.1 Indoor Environmental EQc4.1 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 4.1: Low-Emitting Material: Adhesive and

Sealants− 1 Credit Point – Construction− Intent: To protect installers and occupants by

reducing odorous, irritants or harmful air contaminates.

− How:− All adhesives and sealants used on the interior of the

building (inside the weatherproofing system and applied on-site) shall comply with following standards

− Adhesives, Sealants, and Sealant Primers: South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) Rule#1168.

− VOC limits per SCAQMD as listed in Table 1, Reference Guide, pg339

− Aerosol Adhesives: Green Seal Standard for Commercial Adhesives GS-36 (in effect Oct 19, 2000)


EQc4.1 Indoor Environmental EQc4.1 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 4.1: Low-Emitting Material: Adhesive and

Sealants (con’t)

− Referenced Standards:− South Coast Rule#1168 October 3, 2003 Amendment by

the SCAQMD− Green Seal Standard 36 in effect Oct 19, 2000

− Decision maker/specialist: − Contractor, Architect


EQc4.2 Indoor Environmental EQc4.2 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 4.2: Low-Emitting Material: Paints and Coatings− 1 Credit Point – Construction− Intent: To protect installers and occupants by


− How:− All paints and coatings used on the interior of the building

(inside the weatherproofing system and applied on-site) shall comply with following criteria

− Architectural paints,coatings, primers: Do not exceed VOC content limits establish in Green Seal Standard GS-11

− VOC 50g/l for flats− VOC 150g/l for non flats and primers

− Anti-corrosive and anti-rust paints applied to interior ferrous metal substrates: GS-03: VOC 250 g/l

− Clear wood finishes, floor coatings, stains, sealers, shellacs: VOC limits per SCAQMD Rule 1113.


EQc4.2 Indoor Environmental EQc4.2 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 4.2: Low-Emitting Material: Paints and Coatings

(con’t)

− Referenced Standards: (memorize what goes with what)− Green Seal Standard GS-11, GS-03− South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD)

Rule 1113, Architectural Coatings

− Decision Maker/Specialist: − Contractor, Architect


EQc4.3 Indoor Environmental EQc4.3 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 4.3: Low-Emitting Material: Carpet Systems− 1 Credit Point – Construction− Intent: To protect installers and occupants by


− How:− All Carpet and Carpet Cushion installed in building meet

testing and product requirements of Carpet and Rug Institute’s Green Label Plus program

− All Carpet adhesive meet requirements of EQ credit 4.1 or VOC limits of 50g/L

− Referenced Standard:− Carpet and Rug Institute Green Label Plus Testing Program

− Decision maker/specialist:− Contractor, Architect


EQc4.4 Indoor Environmental EQc4.4 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 4.4: Low-Emitting Material: Composite Wood & Agrifiber

Products− 1 Credit Point – Construction− Intent: To protect installers and occupants by reducing

odorous, irritants or harmful air contaminates.− How: Following can not contain urea-formaldehyde resins

− Composite wood and agrifiber products used on interior− Laminating Adhesives used to fabricate on-site and shop-applied

composite wood and agrifiber assemblies− Composite wood and agrifiber defined as: particleboard, medium

density fiberboard (MDF), plywood, wheatboard, strawboard, panel substrates and door cores.

− Furniture and equipment not considered base-building elements and are not included

− Reference Standards: − South Coast Rule#1168 October 3, 2003 Amendment by the

South Coast Air Quality Management District− Green Seal Standard 36 (GS-36), Effective Oct 19, 2000

− Decision maker/specialist: Contractor, architect


EQc5 Indoor Environmental EQc5 Indoor Environmental QualityQuality− Credit 5: Indoor Chemical and Pollutant Source Control− 1 Credit Point – Design− Intent: To protect occupants from particulates and chemicals by

reducing odorous, irritants or harmful air contaminates.− How: Design to minimize and control pollutant entry into buildings and

later cross-contamination of regularly occupied areas− Employ permanent entryway systems at least 6 feet long to capture

dirt and other outside items at all entries to building. Systems include grills, grates, slotted systems easily cleaned – mats okay only if cleaned weekly.

− If hazardous materials present (garage, printing room, laundry) create negative pressure with respect to adjacent spaces. Provide self closing doors and deck to deck partitions. Exhaust rate at least 0.5 cfm/sf with pressure differential at least 5 Pa avg.

− In mechanically ventilated buildings, prior to occupancy provide with air filtration media of MERV 13 or better (Note: Credit 3.1 was MERV 8)

− Referenced Standards:− ANSI/ASHRAE 52.2-1999; Method of Testing General Ventilation Air-

Cleaning Devices fro Removal Efficiency by Particle Size − Decision maker/specialist: Architect, LEEP-AP


EQc6.1 Indoor Environmental EQc6.1 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 6.1: Controllability of Systems: Lighting− 1 Credit Point – Design− Intent: To promote productivity, comfort, and health

of occupants by providing ample lighting and ample thermal comfort control

− How:− Provide individual lighting controls for at least 90% of

building occupants to enable adjustments to suit individual task needs and preferences

− AND provide lighting system controllability that enable group needs and preferences to be met for all shared multi- occupant spaces.

− Decision maker/specialist: − Mechanical Engineer


EQc6.2 Indoor Environmental EQc6.2 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 6.2: Controllability of Systems: Thermal Comfort− 1 Credit Point – Design− Intent: To promote productivity, comfort, and health of

occupants by providing ample lighting and ample thermal comfort control

− How:− Provide individual comfort controls for at least 50% of the

building occupants to adjust thermal comfort levels. − Operable windows can be used in lieu of comfort controls for areas

20 feet inside of and 10 feet to either side of operable windows− Areas of operable windows must meet ASHRAE-62.1-2004, paragraph

5 requirements.− AND provide thermal controls that enable group needs and

preference to be met for all shared multi- occupant spaces.− Thermal Comfort – described in ASHRAE 55-2004 (memorize this)

− Includes: air temperature, radiant temperature, air speed, humidity− Comfort controls MUST address at least one of these primary factors


EQc6.2 Indoor Environmental EQc6.2 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 6.2: Controllability of Systems: Thermal

Comfort (con’t)

− Referenced Standards (memorize)− ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004 Ventilation for

Acceptable Indoor Air Quality− ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-2004 Thermal Environmental

Conditions for Human Occupancy

− Decision maker/specialist− Mechanical Engineer


EQc7.1 Indoor Environmental EQc7.1 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 7.1: Thermal Comfort: Design− 1 Credit Point – Design− Intent: To promote productivity, comfort, and health of

occupants by providing ample thermal comfort control− How:

− Design HVAC systems and building envelope to meet requirements of ASHRAE Standard 55-2004, Thermal Conditions for Human Occupancy. Demonstrate compliance with section 6.1.1

− Referenced Standard:− ASHRAE Standard 55-2004, Thermal Conditions for Human

Occupancy

− Decision maker/specialist:− Mechanical Engineer


EQc7.2 Indoor Environmental EQc7.2 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 7.2: Thermal Comfort: Verification− 1 Credit Point – Design− Intent: To promote productivity, comfort, and health of

occupants by providing comfortable thermal environment and thermal control survey

− How: − Agree to implement thermal comfort survey within 6 to 8 months

of occupancy to collect anonymous response re: overall satisfaction and identification of problems

− Agree to develop a plan for correction if more than 20% of occupants are dissatisfied.

− Plan should include measurement of environment variables in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 55-2004.

− Referenced Standard:− ASHRAE Standard 55-2004, Thermal Conditions for Human Occupancy

− Decision maker/specialist:− Owner, Mechanical Engineer


EQc8.1 Indoor Environmental EQc8.1 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 8.1: Daylight and Views - Daylight: 75% of spaces− 1 Credit Point – Design, 1 Extra Credit Point Possible− Intent: Reduce electrical lighting and increase productivity and

connect inside to outside− How:

− For minimum of 75% of all regularly occupied spaces:− Option 1: Glazing Factor Calculation – achieve minimum glazing

factor of 2%− OR Option 2: Daylight Simulation Model – use computer simulation

to demonstrate minimum daylight illumination level of 25 foot candles

− OR Option 3: Daylight Measurement – measure post construction to document minimum daylight illumination level of 25 foot candles

− Exemplary Performance− Increase from 75% to 95%

− Decision maker/specialist− Architect, LEEP AP


EQc8.1 Indoor Environmental EQc8.1 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 8.1: Daylight and Views - Daylight: 75% of

spaces(con’t)

− Calculations

Glazing Factor =

window area (sf)

xwindow geometry factor

x

actual T(vis)

x

Window

Height Factor

floor area (sf)

minimum T(vis)

T = Transmittance


EQc8.2 Indoor Environmental EQc8.2 Indoor Environmental QualityQualityCredit 8.2: Daylight and Views – Views for 90% of spaces− 1 Credit Point – Design, 1 Extra Credit Point Possible− Intent: Reduce electrical lighting, increase productivity

and connect inside to outside− How:

− Achieve direct line of sight to the outdoor environment with vision glazing (between 2.5 and 7.5 feet) for occupants in 90% of all occupied areas

− Determine area with direct line of sight by− Plan view: area within sight lines drawn from perimeter vision

glazing− Section view: direct sight line drawn to perimeter vision glazing− Line of site can go through interior glazing. − Private office count 100% if 75%+ of office area has direct line of

site− Multi-occupant spaces only count area with direct line of site

− Exemplary Performance− Projects evaluated on case by case basis


Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental QualityQualityQ.1: The option one calculation methodology for

daylight Glazing Factor, as defined in the LEED Reference Guide for EQ Credit 8.1 Daylight & Views: Daylight 75% of Spaces, accounts for which three? (choose 3)

a. Window areab. Room floor areac. Wall reflectanced. Solar orientatione. Room cavity ratiof. Visible light transmittance of glazing


Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental QualityQualityAnswer Q1:A B F

Key Points:Memorize components of equations


Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental QualityQualityQ.2: EQ Prerequisite 2, Environmental Tobacco Smoke

Control is concerned mainly with which one of the following:?

a. Providing the minimum rate of ventilation required to

sufficiently dilute smoke from tobaccob. Providing smoking rooms so that smokers will have a place to

smoke freelyc. Preventing tobacco smoke from contributing to the

contamination of natural environmentsd. Preventing tobacco smoke from contaminating the air in

spaces occupied by non-smokers


Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental QualityQualityAnswer Q2:D


Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental QualityQualityQ.3: A telemarketing firm with 300 employees plans to use a raised floor

to reduce the costs of cable management and churn in a proposed open-plan office with a shallow floor plate. The design includes under floor air distribution for cooling and ventilation. The engineer noted that this system would allow for these of a floor-mounted operable diffuser for each work station. A close look revealed that the moderate supply of air temperature required at these diffusers would reduce the amount of energy associated with cooling a consistently greater quantity of outside air. The architect pointed out that the under floor air distribution would also eliminate the large overhead ducts, which could, in this particular case, increase the interior floor-to-ceiling height.

Given the information provided above, which LEED credits might these strategies contribute to? (name three)

a. EQ Credit 2, Increased Ventilationb. EQ Credit 3, Construction IAQ Managementc. EQ Credit 8.2, Daylight & Views: Views for 90% of spacesd. EQ Credit 6.2, Controllability of Systems: Thermal Comforte. EQ Credit 5, Measurement and Verificationf. EQ Credit 8.1, Daylight & Views: Daylight 75% of Spaces


Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental QualityQualityAnswer Q3:A D F

Key pointsProcess of elimination…Not Construction IAQ managementNot Views for 90%Not Measurement and VerificationMaybe Daylight 75%

(higher ceilings = potential more windows)


Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental QualityQualityQ.4: EQ Credit 3.2 Construction IAQ Management

Plan: Before Occupancy recognizes which two strategies? (choose two)

a. Opening all windows to air out the building for at least two

weeks prior to occupancyb. Supplying a specified volume of outdoor air per unit of floor

area prior to occupancy, as long as an elevated temperature of at least 20 degrees F above the normal indoor air set point is maintained during flush out

c. Supplying a specified volume of outdoor air per unit of floor area prior to occupancy, and then a minimum ventilation rate during occupancy, as long as this begins 3 hours prior to occupancy each day

d. Testing according to specified procedure to confirm that contaminant concentrations are not exceeded


Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental QualityQualityAnswer Q4:C D


Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental QualityQualityQ.5: In the context of EQ Credit 8, Daylight and Views.

“Glazing Factor” is a proxy for which of the following?

a. Amount of daylight in a space relative to the amount of

artificial light in that spaceb. Reduction in electric lighting power made possible by a given

level of day lightingc. Amount of daylight in a space relative to the amount of

available light outside the buildingd. Amount of daylight, per unit area, transmitted by a glazing

system


Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental Sample Questions – Indoor Environmental QualityQualityAnswer Q1:C


Innovation & Design ProcessInnovation & Design Process


IDc1.1 – 1.4 Innovation in IDc1.1 – 1.4 Innovation in DesignDesignCredits 1.1-1.4: Innovation in Design− 1 Credit Point – Design (x 4) − Intent: Provide opportunity for reward for great idea

not addressed elsewhere within LEED Rating System− How:

− Submit in writing: identify proposed innovation credit, proposed requirements for compliance, proposed submittal to demonstrate compliance, design approach (strategies) that might be used to meet requirements

Can check and see if has been submittedExamples

AcousticsVideo Conferencing cutting down on travelAV shutting systems down when not in use

Break any one idea into as many discrete points as possible


IDc2 Innovation in DesignIDc2 Innovation in DesignCredit 2: LEED Accredited Professional− 1 Credit Point – Design − Intent: encourage LEED Design integration and to

stream line application process− How: at least one principal participant of the project

team shall be a LEED Accredited Professional (AP)− Submittal – LEED AP’s Name, company, role and certificate− Only one per project team


Synergies and TradeoffsSynergies and TradeoffsRainwater Collection− SS Credit 6.1 and 6.2 – Stormwater Design: Quantity and Quality− WE Credit 1.1 and 1.2 – Water Efficient Landscaping− WE Credit 2 – Innovative Wastewater Technologies− WE Credit 3.1 and 3.2 – Water Use Reduction

Daylighting− EA Prerequisite 2 – Minimum Energy Performance− EA Credit 1 – Optimize Energy Performance− EA Credit 8.1 – Daylight and Views: Daylight 75% of Spaces

Green Roofs− SS Credit 5.2 - Maximize Open Space− SS Credit 6.1 and 6.2 – Stormwater Design: Quantity and Quality− SS Credit 7.2 – Heat Island Effect: Roof− EA Prerequisite 2 – Minimum Energy Performance− EA Credit 1 – Optimize Energy Performance


Synergies and TradeoffsSynergies and TradeoffsPervious Paving− SS Credit 6.1 and 6.2 Stormwater Design: Quantity and

Quality− SS Credit 7.1 – Heat Island Effect

Natural Ventilation- EA Prerequisite 2 – Minimum Energy Performance- EA Credit 1 – Optimize Energy Performance- EQ Prerequisite 1 – Minimum IAQ Performance- EQ Credit 2 – Increased Ventilation- EQ Credit 6.2 – Controllability of Systems: Thermal Comfort


““The ASHRAES”The ASHRAES”In order of Importance - Memorize both directions:

ASHRAE to Credit, Credit to ASHRAE

ASHRAE 90.1 – Building Energy Standard

EA Pre 2 – Minimum Energy PerformanceEA Credit 1 – Optimize Energy PerformanceEA Credit 2 – On-site Renewable energy

ASHRAE 55 – Standard describing thermal and humidity conditions for human occupancy of buildings

EQ Credit 7 – Thermal Comfort.1 design and .2 verification EQ 6.2 – Controllability of Systems-Thermal Comfort

ASHRAE 62.1 – Standard defines minimum levels of ventilation performance for acceptable indoor air quality

EQ Prerequisite 1 – Minimum IAQ PerformanceEQ Credit 2 – increased ventilationEQ 6.2 – Controllability of Systems-Thermal Comfort

ASHRAE 52.2 – Standardized method of testing building ventilation filters for removal efficiency by particulate size (MERV)

EQ Credit 3.1 – Construction IAQ Management Plan – during const.EQ Credit 5 – Indoor Chemical & Pollutant Source Control


““Low-emitting materials”Low-emitting materials”EQ 4.1 - Adhesives, Sealants, Sealant Primers

MCAQMD Rule #1168 (South Coast Air Quality Management District, VOC limits)

EQ 4.1 - Aerosol Adhesives GS-36 (Green Seal Standard for Commercial Adhesives)

EQ 4.2 - Architectural Paints, Coatings and Primers (for interior walls and ceilings)

GS-11(Green Seal Standard, VOC content limits)

EQ 4.2 - Anti-corrosive and anti-rust paints(for interior ferrous metal substrates)

GS—03(Green Seal Standard, VOC content limit of 250 g/L)

EQ 4.2 - Clear wood finishes, floor coatings, stains, shellacs(for interior elements)

SCAQMD Rule #1113(South Coast Air Quality Management District, VOC limits)

EQ 4.3 - Carpets – interior Green Label Plus Program – Carpet & Rug Institute

EQ 4.3 – Carpet cushion Green Label Program – Carpet & Rug Institute

EQ 4.3 – Carpet Adhesive See 4.1 Adhesives VOC limit 50g/L

EQ 4.4 Composite Wood & Agrifiber Products (interior elements) and Laminating Adhesives

No Standard but verify no urea-formaldehyde resinsAlso: See rules for adhesives


Other StandardsOther Standards−Know the rest of the standards and the

credits they are associated with!


Who’s Responsible for What?Who’s Responsible for What?− It is important to know who is responsible for collecting and

submitting information to provide documentation to USGBC along with required submittal data.

− Pay attention to test questions re: Credits versus Prerequisites

Some examples:− Mechanical engineer

− EQ Prerequisite 1, − EQ Credit 1, Outdoor Air Delivery Monitoring− EQ Credit 2, Increased Ventilation Effectiveness− EQ Credit 4, Enhanced refrigerant Management− EQ Credit 7, Thermal Comfort

− Civil Engineer− SS Prerequisite 1, − SS Credit 5.1, Site development: Protect or Restore Habitat− SS Credit 5.2, Site Development: Maximize Open Space− SS Credit 6.1, Stormwater Design: Quantity Control− SS Credit 6.2, Stormwater Design: Quality Control


Who’s Responsible for What?Who’s Responsible for What?Examples Continued…

− General Contractor− MR Credit 2, Construction Waste Management− MR Credit 3, Materials Reuse− MR Credit 4, Recycled Content− MR Credit 5, Regional Materials− EQ Credit 3, Construction Indoor Air Quality Management Plan− EQ Credit 4.1, Low-Emitting Materials: Adhesives and Sealants


Test Taking TipsTest Taking Tips− Test is two hours− 80 questions = 200 points. Need 170 points to pass− Take at “Prometrics” location, computer based. Can mark

questions for review – so take a guess since unanswered questions are marked wrong.

− Use process of elimination – if you have to pick two of four answers and can eliminate two choices then you know the other two have to be right.

− Watch for answers that don’t apply – question is about “materials and resources” but they throw in an “energy and atmosphere” answer.

− You can’t take anything into test area with you – they give you pencil and paper.

− The time clock starts after you go through the introduction, so take a few minutes to write things down as soon as you get into the cubicle: write down the things you are weak on – the credit names, the ASHRAES, the credits needed for each category, formulas you get confused, whatever.

−

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