LEED-NC® 2.2 Guide:Using TX Arca® and TX Aria® Photocatalytic Cements for New Construction and Major Renovations

Index:TX Arca®:Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) ................................................................................1The TX Active Principle ....................................................................................................................................1Concrete and LEED ..........................................................................................................................................1LEED and TX Arca Cement ..............................................................................................................................2Heat Island Effect: Non-Roof (Sustainable Sites Credit 7.1) ............................................................................2Heat Island Effect: Roof (Sustainable Sites Credit 7.2) ....................................................................................3Optimize Energy Performance (Energy and Atmosphere Credit 1) ..................................................................3Recycled Content (Materials and Resources Credit 4) ....................................................................................3Regional Materials (Materials and Resources Credit 5) ..................................................................................4Innovation and Design Process ........................................................................................................................4Benefits of LEED Certification ..........................................................................................................................4Project checklist for TX Arca ............................................................................................................................5

TX Aria®:LEED for New Construction and the Sustainable Qualities of TX Aria Cement ................................................6LEED and TX Aria Cement ................................................................................................................................6Heat Island Effect: Non-Roof (Sustainable Sites Credit 7.1) ............................................................................6Heat Island Effect: Roof (Sustainable Sites Credit 7.2) ....................................................................................7Optimize Energy Performance (Energy and Atmosphere Credit 1) ..................................................................7Recycled Content (Materials and Resources Credit 4) ....................................................................................7Regional Materials (Materials and Resources Credit 5) ..................................................................................8Innovation and Design Process ........................................................................................................................8Benefits of LEED Certification ..........................................................................................................................9Project checklist for TX Aria ..........................................................................................................................10

Sun rays activate thephotocatalytic reactionwithin concrete madewith TX Active® cementproducts and destroyorganic and inorganiccompounds before theyhave a chance to adhereto its surface.

Sunlight Organic pollutantsdecompose intooxygen, water andharmless salts.

Photocatalytic action

H E R E ’ S H O W T H E P H O T O C A T A L Y T I CE F F E C T W O R K S :

LEED-NC™ 2.2 Guide:

w w w. e s s r o c . c o m 1

In LEED, points are awarded for environmentally friendly actions taken duringdesign, construction, and use phases. The LEED rating system has five maincategories. Each category consists of a number of credits, which are further dividedinto points. Points can also be earned for innovation and exceptional environmentalperformance in areas not specifically addressed in LEED. In LEED for NewConstruction and Major Renovation, a building requires at least 26 points forcertification. Silver, gold, and platinum levels are also available. If designed and builtaccording to accepted principles of energy conservation and environmentalprotection, TX Active cements can help a building earn from 9 to 15 points.

Concrete and LEED. Information on how ordinary portland cement concrete can help earn LEED points is availablein An Engineer's Guide to: Building Green with Concrete (PCA IS312) from the Portland Cement Association atwww.cement.org/bookstore.

LEED Goal: To encourage a MARKET TRANSFORMATION toward SUSTAINABLE DESIGN

This brochure describes how to earn points in version 2.2 of LEED for New Construction and Major Renovations (LEED-NC v2.2) by using cement products containing the TX Active principle.

TX ACTIVE is a registered trademark which indicates the presence of the active photocatalytic principle in thecementitious products made with TX Arca and TX Aria cements, produced in accordance with a specific industrialprocess. These two cement families differ in the type of effect: TX Arca is self cleaning while TX Aria is both self-cleaning and pollution-reducing. In addition to ensuring the same positive environmental qualities of ordinaryportland cement concrete, both product lines are photocatalytic. Photocatalysis is a natural phenomenon whereby asubstance called a photocatalyst uses light to accelerate the rate of a chemical reaction. In the presence ofultraviolet light, TX Active cements used in concrete break down pollutants, such as particulate matter, volatileorganic compounds (VOC), and smog-forming nitrogen oxides into harmless nitrate, sulfate, and carbonate salts.

Detailed information on how TX Arca and TX Aria cements perform in the field can be found at: www.essroc.com

The TX Active® Principle:

Using Cement Products Containing the TX Active Principle for New Construction and Major Renovations

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). The LEED greenbuilding rating system was created by the United States Green Building Council(USGBC) to help architects and engineers improve the quality of buildings and theenvironment. LEED is a family of rating systems that are based on acceptedprinciples of energy conservation and environmental protection, and it strikes abalance between established practices and emerging technologies. Its goal is toencourage a market transformation towards sustainable design.

Preserving aesthetics: BordeauxHotel de PoliceBordeaux, FranceArchitect: Claude Marty (Lacrouts Massicaults SA Architects)Owner: The French Department of InteriorYear: 2003Cement: white TX Arca®

Precasting firm: CIR in TonneinsSupplier of TX Active®: Ciments Calcia*

LEED for New Construction and the Sustainable Qualities of TX Arca Cement

TX Arca cement is specifically designed for the construction of prestigious architectural works. The level of photocatalysisof TX Arca cement, whether white or gray, imparts concrete an inherently self-cleaning surface. Concrete made withwhite TX Arca cement in particular has an extraordinarily brilliant white surface. The self-cleaning effect and concretedurability can be further enhanced by a smooth dense finish.

LEED and TX Arca Cement. The following sections describe how TX Arca Cement can help earn LEED points. The section headings correspond to LEED credit categories and credit numbers. When applying for a LEED certification, points must be documented according to LEED procedures. The LEED website,www.leedbuilding.org, contains a downloadable letter template that simplifies the documentation requirements.

Heat Island Effect: Non-Roof (Sustainable Sites Credit 7.1). The intent of this credit is to reduce heat islands—the tendency of urban centers to be significantly warmer than surrounding areas. As the temperature of urban areasincreases, the chemical reactions that produce smog and pollution also increase. The intent of this credit can be met ifmaterials that stay cool in sunlight are used on at least half of the site’s non-roof impervious surfaces, such as roads,sidewalks, courtyards, and parking lots. The material’s solar reflectance index (SRI) must be at least 29. The SRI iscalculated from solar reflectance and emissivity. Solar reflectance is the ratio of the amount of solar radiation reflectedfrom a surface to the amount that shines on it. Emissivity is a measure of how well a surface releases absorbed heat.Generally, dark-colored surfaces have a low reflectance and absorb more solar radiation. The absorbed radiation isconverted into heat and the surface gets hotter. Where paved surfaces are required, using materials with higher SRI willreduce the heat island effect, consequently saving energy by reducing demand for air conditioning, and improve airquality. Concrete and concrete pavers made with TX Arca cement are ideally suited to meet this requirement. Not onlyare they highly reflective, but their self-cleaning properties ensure that they will remain reflective and in excellent

Total PointsAvailable

TX Arca:Credit Category

Total 69

Sustainable SitesWater EfficiencyWater EfficiencyEnergy & AtmosphereEnergy & AtmosphereMaterials & ResourcesMaterials & ResourcesIndoor Environmental QualityIndoor Environmental QualityInnovation & Design ProcessInnovation & Design Process

141455

17171313151555

Potential Pointswith TX Arca

PointsRequired

LEEDCertification

Levels

9 to 14

22......

1 to 41 to 42 to 42 to 4

......44

CertifiedCertified

SilverSilver

GoldGold

PlatinumPlatinum

26 - 3226 - 32

33 - 3833 - 38

39 - 5139 - 51

52 - 6952 - 69

2

*As the French subsidiary ofItalcementi Group, CimentsCalcia boasts 1,500 employeesand operates 9 cement-manufacturing plants, 1 grindingcenter and 8 sales agencies.Annual production exceeds 7million metric tons of cement(1/3 of the French domesticmarket), which makes it the leader in the French cement industry.

Located downtown, the building is exposed to the aggressive action of pollutants thatare typical of urban areas.

Perfect for preserving the aesthetic quality of the building, architect Claude Marty choseTX Active® to manufacture the white, smoothly finished precast concrete panels forcladding facades.

The two-layered panels embedding white marble from Pi as aggregates featurepolished finishing to increase the already typical luminosity of TX products.

A total of 750 panels, of which 700 are white, cover a surface of 5,400 m2 ofarchitectural precast concrete.

condition for years. Ordinary portland cement concrete has an SRI around 35, although it can vary. New concrete madewith white portland cement generally has an SRI of 86. It is likely that concrete and concrete pavers made with TX Arcacement will have higher SRI than ordinary portland cement concrete. This credit is worth 1 point.

Heat Island Effect: Roof (Sustainable Sites Credit 7.2). Similar to above, the intent of this credit is to reduce heatislands. The intent can be met using roofing materials with an SRI of at least 78 for low-sloped roofs (that is, slopes lessthan 2:12) and 29 for steep-sloped roofs. For low slopes, concrete ballast pavers made with white TX Arca cement wouldlikely qualify, and for steep slopes, roof tiles made with either gray or white TX Arca cement would likely qualify. Thiscredit is also worth 1 point.

Optimize Energy Performance (Energy and Atmosphere Credit 1). This credit is awarded if energy cost savings canbe shown compared to a baseline building that meets the requirements of ASHRAE 90.1-2004 Energy Standard forBuildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings. The method of determining energy cost savings must meet therequirements of Appendix G, “Performance Rating Method,” of the Standard. Whole-building energy simulations using acomputer program such as DOE-2 or EnergyPlus must be performed to determine energy savings. Such programs canshow the benefits of concrete’s thermal mass because they simulate energy use on an hourly basis. Furthermore, whenTX Arca cement is used, such programs are necessary to simulate the complex interaction between solar reflectance,emissivity and thermal mass. Exposed concrete using TX Arca cement coupled with integral or interior insulation willmost likely be eligible for points. The number of points awarded will depend on the building, climate, fuel costs, andminimum requirements of the Standard. Up to 10 points are awarded for energy cost savings of 10.5% to 42% for newbuildings and 3.5% to 35% for existing buildings. Studies show that using concrete walls that are insulated to exceedminimum code requirements by a modest amount (about the same as minimum requirements for frame walls) cancontribute to earning 1 to 4 points, depending on the building type, orientation, and climate.

Recycled Content (Materials and Resources Credit 4). This credit rewards the use of materials with recycled content.One point is awarded if the sum of the post-consumer recycled content plus one-half of the pre-consumer recycledcontent constitutes at least 10% of the total value of the materials in the project. The value of the recycled content of amaterial is the weight of the recycled content in the item divided by the weight of all materials in that item, and thenmultiplied by the total cost of the item. Supplementary materials, such as fly ash, silica fume, and slag cement areconsidered pre-consumer. LEED-NC v2.2 allows the recycled content of concrete to be based on the recycled content ofthe cementitious materials. Furthermore, using recycled concrete or slag instead of extracted aggregates would qualify aspost-consumer. Reinforcing materials, such as steel, are considered separately. TX Arca cement is compatible with allthese recycled materials. To ensure the maximum performance of TX Arca cement, the amount of supplementarycementitious materials should be proportioned carefully. This credit is worth 1 point for the quantities quoted above and2 points if the quantities are doubled to 20%.

w w w. e s s r o c . c o m 3

Preserving aesthetics: ParisAir France Headquarters Roissy-Charles de GaulleInternational AirportArchitects: Denis Valode and Jean PistreOwner: Air FranceYear: 2006Cement: white TX Arca®

Precasting firm: MSASupplier of TX Active®: Ciments Calcia*

Regional Materials (Materials and Resources Credit 5). This credit supports the use of indigenous (local) materialsand reduced transportation distances. The requirement states: “Use building materials or products that have beenextracted, harvested or recovered, as well as manufactured, within 800 km (500 miles) of the project site for a minimumof 10% (based on cost) of the total materials value.” Concrete will usually qualify since ready-mix and precast plants aregenerally within 80 km (50 miles) of a job site and the materials to make the concrete are within 800 km (500 miles).Ready-mix and precast plants generally use aggregates that are extracted within 80 km (50 miles) of the plant. Cementand supplementary cementitious materials used for buildings are also often manufactured within 800 km (500 miles) ofa job site. The raw materials for TX Arca cement are found in several locations in the US. Reinforcing steel is usuallymanufactured within 800 km (500 miles) of a job site, and is typically made from recycled materials from the sameregion. Calculations can also include concrete either manufactured or extracted locally. This credit is worth 1 point for thequantities quoted above and 2 points for double the percentage to 20%.

Innovation and Design Process. In addition to the points discussed above, 4 points are available as Innovation inDesign (ID) Credits. These points can be applied if an innovative green design strategy is used that does not fit into thepoint structure of the five LEED categories or if it goes significantly beyond a credit requirement and demonstratesexceptional environmental performance.

Potential ID Credit 1–Exceptional Performance in Aged Reflectance. Not only will concrete made with TX Arcacement reduce the urban heat island effect when it is new, but because the surface will remain clean and reflective, itwill continue to reduce the urban heat island effect for a long time. This goes far beyond what most reflective materialscan achieve and may qualify for an additional point.

Potential ID Credit 2–Durability. The USGBC has indicated that the durability credit allowed in LEED Canada-NC v1.0,which is not explicitly a credit in LEED-NC v2.2, can be used as an ID credit in LEED-NC v2.2. For example, the self-cleaning property of TX Arca cement lends concrete a long life without the need for protective coatings.

Potential ID Credit 3–Indoor Air Quality. USGBC has also indicated that an ID credit may be allowed for concretewalls and ceilings with no paints or coatings on the interior. Interior use of TX Arca could satisfy this requirement withadditional benefit:

A lighting system designed to take advantage of the highly reflective surface of concrete made with white TX Arca wouldsave energy.

In addition, one point is also provided if a principal participant of the project team is a LEED Accredited Professional.The concrete industry has LEED-experienced professionals available to help maximize the points for concrete.

Benefits of LEED Certification. Although LEED is a voluntary program, obtaining a LEED certification projects apositive environmental image. Using green building practices can result in significant energy and cost savings over thelife of the structure. Other advantages include better indoor air quality and plenty of daylight. Studies have shown thatpeople working in green buildings are more productive and absent fewer days. These benefits contribute directly to a

4

The new building, accommodated inside the Roissy-Charles deGaulle International Airport, is the prestigious headquarters ofthe French flag carrier, Air France.

For this building, which is located amid high concentrations ofhydrocarbons from aircraft exhausts, a TX Active® roughsurface finishing was selected for ensuring color uniformityacross facades over time.

company’s profits because salaries—which are about ten times higher than rent, utilities, and maintenance combined—are the largest expense for most companies occupying office space. Further, students in green buildings have higher testscores, and retail sales are higher in buildings with natural light.

Support for green buildings is increasing every year. Many cities and states either provide tax credits or grants for greenbuildings, or require green building certification for public buildings. The U.S. government is adopting green buildingprograms similar to LEED through the General Services Administration, the U.S. Army, the Department of State, theDepartment of Energy, and the Environmental Protection Agency. Eight states including California, New York, Oregon,and Washington have adopted its use for public buildings. Many agencies are requiring LEED silver certification as aminimum. Thirteen countries have expressed interest in LEED including China and India.The details vary and the list isgrowing, so contact local jurisdictions or the USGBC for more information.

The use of TX Arca cement and the LEED Green Building Rating System for New Construction and Major Renovation,Version 2.2, promote sustainable buildings for the improvement of indoor and outdoor air quality, the conservation ofenergy and resources, and the protection of the environment.

Project checklist for TX Arca

Sustainable SitesCredit 7.1 Heat Island Effect, Non-Roof 1Credit 7.2 Heat Island Effect, Roof 1Energy and AtmosphereCredit 1 Optimize Energy Performance 1 to 4Materials and ResourcesCredit 4 Recycled Content 1 to 2Credit 5 Regional Materials 1 to 2Innovation and Design Process*Credit 1.1 Exceptional Performance, Heat Island Effect 1Credit 1.2 Durability 1Credit 1.3 Indoor Air Quality 1Credit 2 LEED Accredited Professional 1Total 9 to 14*An additional point may be earned (up to 4 in total).

CTL Group Project No. 312076

w w w. e s s r o c . c o m 5

Scientific Results: the Guerville tests • Pilot Site in Guerville, FranceThe Mathematical Model

A three-dimensional calculation model wasused to reproduce air and particulate matterflows under different atmospheric conditions.Particulate dispersion was reproducedanalytically using numeric simulation, whichtook into consideration both the inclination ofthe surfaces compared to the air flows and theeffect of solar irradiation.

Pollution distribution as a resultof the joint wind/traffic action

LEED for New Construction and the Sustainable Qualities of TX Aria Cement

TX Aria cement is both self-cleaning and environment-cleaning. When used as the binder in concrete and othermaterials such as stucco (portland cement plaster) and concrete pavers, its increased level of photocatalysis is capable ofabating noxious substances produced in urban areas by sources such as cars and power plants.

LEED and TX Aria Cement. The following sections describe how TX Aria Cement can help earn LEED points. The sectionheadings correspond to LEED credit categories and credit numbers. When applying for a LEED certification, points mustbe documented according to LEED procedures. The LEED website, www.leedbuilding.org, contains a downloadableletter template that simplifies the documentation requirements.

Heat Island Effect: Non-Roof (Sustainable Sites Credit 7.1). The intent of this credit is to reduce heat islands—thetendency of urban centers to be significantly warmer than surrounding areas. As the temperature of urban areasincreases, the chemical reactions that produce smog and pollution also increase. The intent of this credit can be metif materials that stay cool in sunlight are used on at least half of the site’s non-roof impervious surfaces, such asroads, sidewalks, courtyards, and parking lots. The material’s solar reflectance index (SRI) must be at least 29. TheSRI is calculated from solar reflectance and emissivity. Solar reflectance is the ratio of the amount of solar radiationreflected from a surface to the amount that shines on it. Emissivity is a measure of how well a surface releasesabsorbed heat. Generally, dark-colored surfaces have a low reflectance and absorb more solar radiation. Theabsorbed radiation is converted into heat and the surface gets hotter. Where paved surfaces are required, usingmaterials with higher SRI will reduce the heat island effect, consequently saving energy by reducing demand for airconditioning, and improve air quality. Concrete and concrete pavers made with TX Aria cement are ideally suited to

Total PointsAvailable

TX Aria:Credit Category

Total 69

Sustainable SitesWater EfficiencyWater EfficiencyEnergy & AtmosphereEnergy & AtmosphereMaterials & ResourcesMaterials & ResourcesIndoor Environmental QualityIndoor Environmental QualityInnovation & Design ProcessInnovation & Design Process

14145517171313151555

Potential Pointswith TX Aria

PointsRequired

LEEDCertification

Levels

10 to 15

22......

1 to 41 to 42 to 42 to 4

......55

CertifiedCertified

SilverSilver

GoldGold

PlatinumPlatinum

26 - 3226 - 32

33 - 3833 - 38

39 - 5139 - 51

52 - 6952 - 69

6

The Results

Results proved highly interesting. Compared toan untreated wall surface, the Canyon Streetonto which TX Active® plaster had been appliedrecorded a particulate abatement rate rangingbetween 20% and 80%, depending on windconditions. Desoiling of TX Active® walls islinked to important variables that depend onparticulate matter concentration, weatherconditions and solar irradiation.

Experimental activity at the Picada Project’s pilot site.

% NOx average concentration according to the wind direction

%PPB

Cardinal Poins

meet this requirement. Not only are they highly reflective, but their self-cleaning properties ensure that they will remainreflective and in excellent condition for years. Further, TX Aria cement actually removes pollution from the air, making theformation of smog less likely. Ordinary portland cement concrete has an SRI around 35, although it can vary. Newconcrete made with white portland cement generally has an SRI of 86. It is likely that concrete and concrete paversmade with TX Aria cement will have higher SRI than ordinary portland cement concrete. This credit is worth 1 point.

Heat Island Effect: Roof (Sustainable Sites Credit 7.2). Similar to above, the intent of this credit is to reduce heatislands. The intent can be met using roofing materials with an SRI of at least 78 for low-sloped roofs (that is, slopes lessthan 2:12) and 29 for steep-sloped roofs. For low slopes, concrete ballast pavers made with white TX Aria cement wouldlikely qualify, and for steep slopes, cement roof tiles made with either gray or white TX Aria cement would likely qualify.This credit is also worth 1 point.

Optimize Energy Performance (Energy and Atmosphere Credit 1). This credit is awarded if energy cost savings canbe shown compared to a baseline building that meets the requirements of ASHRAE 90.1-2004 Energy Standard forBuildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings. The method of determining energy cost savings must meet therequirements of Appendix G, “Performance Rating Method”, of the Standard. Whole-building energy simulations using acomputer program such as DOE-2 or EnergyPlus must be performed to determine energy savings. Such programs canshow the benefits of concrete’s thermal mass because they simulate energy use on an hourly basis. Furthermore, whenTX Aria cement is used, such programs are necessary to simulate the complex interaction between solar reflectance,emissivity and thermal mass. Exposed concrete using TX Aria cement coupled with integral or interior insulation will mostlikely be eligible for points. The number of points awarded will depend on the building, climate, fuel costs, and minimumrequirements of the Standard. Up to 10 points are awarded for energy cost savings of 10.5% to 42% for new buildingsand 3.5% to 35% for existing buildings. Studies show that using concrete walls that are insulated to exceed minimumcode requirements by a modest amount (about the same as minimum requirements for frame walls) can contribute toearning 1 to 4 points, depending on the building type, orientation, and climate.

Recycled Content (Materials and Resources Credit 4). This credit rewards the use of materials with recycled content.One point is awarded if the sum of the post-consumer recycled content plus one-half of the pre-consumer recycledcontent constitutes at least 10% of the total value of the materials in the project. The value of the recycled content of amaterial is the weight of the recycled content in the item divided by the weight of all materials in that item, and thenmultiplied by the total cost of the item. Supplementary cementitious materials, such as fly ash, silica fume, and slagcement are considered pre-consumer. LEED-NC v2.2 allows the recycled content of concrete to be based on the recycledcontent of the cementitious materials. Furthermore, using recycled concrete or slag instead of extracted aggregateswould qualify as post-consumer. Reinforcing materials, such as steel, are considered separately. TX Aria cement iscompatible with all these recycled materials. To ensure the maximum performance of TX Aria cement, the amount ofsupplementary cementitious materials should be proportioned carefully. This credit is worth 1 point for the quantitiesquoted above and 2 points if the quantities are doubled to 20%.

w w w. e s s r o c . c o m 7

Regional Materials (Materials and Resources Credit 5). This credit supports the use of indigenous (local) materialsand reduced transportation distances. The requirement states: “Use building materials or products that have beenextracted, harvested or recovered, as well as manufactured, within 800 km (500 miles) of the project site for a minimumof 10% (based on cost) of the total materials value.” Concrete will usually qualify since ready-mix and precast plants aregenerally within 80 km (50 miles) of a job site and the materials to make the concrete are within 800 km (500 miles).Ready-mix and precast plants generally use aggregates that are extracted within 80 km (50 miles) of the plant. Cementand supplementary cementitious materials used for buildings are also often manufactured within 800 km (500 miles) ofa job site. The raw materials for TX Aria cement are found in several locations in the US. Reinforcing steel is usuallymanufactured within 800 km (500 miles) of a job site, and is typically made from recycled materials from the sameregion. Calculations can also include concrete either manufactured or extracted locally. This credit is worth 1 point for thequantities quoted above and 2 points for double the percentage to 20%.

Innovation and Design Process. In addition to the points discussed above, 4 points are available as Innovation inDesign (ID) Credits. These points can be applied for if an innovative green design strategy is used that does not fit intothe point structure of the five LEED categories or if it goes significantly beyond a credit requirement and demonstratesexceptional environmental performance.

Potential ID Credit 1–Exceptional Performance in Aged Reflectance. Not only will concrete made with TX Ariacement reduce the urban heat island effect when it is new, but because the surface will remain clean and reflective, itwill continue to reduce the urban heat island effect for a long time. This goes far beyond what most reflective materialscan achieve and may qualify for an additional point.

Potential ID Credit 2–Exceptional Performance in Air Pollution Abatement. The level of photoactivity of TX Ariacement abates the organic and inorganic substances (such as particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organiccompounds) responsible for air pollution. In addition, pervious pavements—which are already green because theynaturally dissipate storm water runoff—increase the environment-cleaning action of TX Aria because of the pavement’sincreased surface area. This would likely qualify for at least one point.

Potential ID Credit 3–Durability. The USGBC has indicated that the durability credit allowed in LEED Canada-NC v1.0,which is not explicitly a credit in LEED-NC v2.2, can be used as an ID credit in LEED-NC v2.2. For example, the self-cleaning property of TX Aria cement lends concrete a long life without the need for protective coatings.

Scientific Results: the Segrate test • Road surfacing experiment: Segrate, Milan

8

The Experiment

A thin layer of photoactive TX Active® binder-based mortar was applied to a 230 m-long section ofbituminous road surface totaling about 7,000 m2. The continuation of Via Morandi to the north, featuring atraditional asphalt-treated pavement, was used as a reference for the experiment. This experiment can beconsidered the first and most remarkable field experiment ever made in the world for assessingphotocatalytic cementitious materials. To evaluate the influence of the environmental conditions, severaltest campaigns were performed November 2002 through July 2003. Based on recorded data, up to 60%NOx abatement was achieved compared to the untreated area, depending on luminous intensity, trafficvolume, as well as wind speed and direction. The best results were obtained in summer with an averageluminous intensity of about 90,000 Lux, a wind speed of approximately 0.7 m/s, an ambient temperature of32°C, and 46% humidity.

Potential ID Credit 4–Indoor Air Quality. The USGBC has also indicated that an ID credit may be allowed for concretewalls and ceilings with no paints or coatings on the interior. Interior use of TX Aria could satisfy this requirement withadditional benefits:

A lighting system designed to take advantage of the highly reflective surface of concrete made with white TX Aria wouldsave energy.

Indoor air pollutants, such as VOC’s from surface finishes on other materials, photocopiers, and cleaning chemicals, couldbe neutralized thus improving indoor air quality.

In addition, one point is also provided if a principal participant of the project team is a LEED Accredited Professional. Theconcrete industry has LEED-experienced professionals available to help maximize the points for concrete.

Benefits of LEED Certification. Although LEED is a voluntary program, obtaining a LEED certification projects apositive environmental image. Using green building practices can result in significant energy and cost savings over thelife of the structure. Other advantages include better indoor air quality and plenty of daylight. Studies have shown thatpeople working in green buildings are more productive and absent fewer days. These benefits contribute directly to acompany’s profits because salaries—which are about ten times higher than rent, utilities, and maintenance combined—are the largest expense for most companies occupying office space. Further, students in green buildings have higher testscores, and retail sales are higher in buildings with natural light.

Support for green buildings is increasing every year. Many cities and states either provide tax credits or grants for greenbuildings, or require green building certification for public buildings. The U.S. government is adopting green buildingprograms similar to LEED through the General Services Administration, the U.S. Army, the Department of State, theDepartment of Energy, and the Environmental Protection Agency. Eight states including California, New York, Oregon, andWashington have adopted its use for public buildings. Many agencies are requiring LEED silver certification as aminimum. Thirteen countries have expressed interest in LEED including China and India. The details vary and the list isgrowing, so contact local jurisdictions or the USGBC for more information.

The use of TX Aria cement and the LEED Green Building Rating System for New Construction and Major Renovation,Version 2.2, promote sustainable buildings for the improvement of indoor and outdoor air quality, the conservation ofenergy and resources, and the protection of the environment.

w w w. e s s r o c . c o m 9

Project checklist for TX Aria

Sustainable Sites

Credit 7.1 Heat Island Effect, Non-Roof 1

Credit 7.2 Heat Island Effect, Roof 1

Energy and Atmosphere

Credit 1 Optimize Energy Performance 1 to 4

Materials and Resources

Credit 4 Recycled Content 1 to 2

Credit 5 Regional Materials 1 to 2

Innovation and Design Process*

Credit 1.1 Exceptional Performance, Heat Island Effect 1

Credit 1.2 Exceptional Performance, Pollution Abatement 1

Credit 1.3 Durability 1

Credit 1.4 Indoor Air Quality 1

Credit 2 LEED Accredited Professional 1

Total 10 to 15

*A total of 4 points may be earned in this category.

CTLGroup Project No. 312076

10

11

Scientific Results: the Milan test • Tunnel experiment: Porpora Street, Milan

A worldwide presenceAs the North American member of the global Italcementi Group, Essroc and our customers have access to aworldwide network of technological and natural resources.

The experimental activity associated with the rehabilitation scheme devised for the tunnel crossing under the railway on Porpora Street, Milan,entailed the application of photocatalytic materials. To this end, Italcementi cast in place a patented high-performance concrete road pavementfor the tunnel, while a different manufacturing firm treated the tunnel roof with a non-cementitious photocatalytic paint.

This 104 m long, 7 m wide tunnel is situated near the Milano Lambrate rail station and connects Porpora Street to Monte Titano Square. Thetraffic volume affecting this two-way road tunnel, which runs along the main road connecting downtown Milan to Tangenziale Est (EasternRing Road), can be as high as 30,000 vehicles per day.

Traffic-related measurements performed by the Agenzia Mobilitá e Ambiente with the support of the Milan Police force, clearly highlighted thehigh level of stress this road is exposed to. Measurements and data processing campaigns conducted by Milan’s Provincial Department of ArpaLombardia – the Regional Agency for Environmental Protection – evidenced a 22.7% reduction compared to the usual NOx concentrationrecorded inside the tunnel under the worst conditions of light exposure for the product.

Richard Meier

Development of the ITCLabAs the winner of an international competition conducted bythe Vicariate of Rome, American architect Richard Meier’sdesign was used to create Dives in Misericordia Church,located in Tor Tre Teste, Rome. Views of this unique structureare shown here. The church’s three impressive white sails,the tallest of which tops 85 ft., now soar over this suburbancommunity of apartment complexes which previously lackedboth recognizable focal points and community spaces. Thisstructure is the first application of the photocatalyticprinciple enabled by TX Active cement.

Richard Meier is one of the the most renowned architectsworking today. Among his best-known projects are the HighMuseum in Atlanta (1983), the Barcelona Museum ofContemporary Art (1997) and the Getty Center in LosAngeles (1997). His Dives in Misericorda Church design,among the most remarkable contemporary buildings in Italy,was commissioned by the late Pope John Paul II for the2000 Jubilee. Italcementi proudly served as the maintechnical sponsor for this landmark project.

To continue building a legacy of beautiful andenvironmentally responsible concrete structures, Italcementicommissioned Mr. Meier as the architect for the ITCLab,future site for much of the company’s research anddevelopment. The lab is set in the Kilometro Rosso Science& Technology Park, strategically located on the outskirts ofBergamo and parallel to the nearby Milan-Venice highway.The Park will be home to several public and privateenterprises specializing in research and development, andexpects to be the work environment for an estimated 3,000personnel within a decade.

ITCLab is set to be a benchmark of Sustainable Design inEurope. The design team is wholly committed to the pursuitof both environmental performance and optimal economicreturn. As a priority target, the project will strive to obtainLeadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)certification – the most stringent and rigorous U.S.certification standard – with six environmental categoriesbeing evaluated: sustainable sites, water efficiency, energy

12

Future Research & Innovation

and atmosphere, materials & resources, indoorenvironment, and design & innovation process.

At Italcementi Group, research is a strategic assetaimed at creating innovative products thatsupport new market trends. Italcementi investssome 25 million Euro a year in Research andInnovation: its innovation index – i.e. the ratio ofrevenues generated by innovation projects tototal Group sales – is currently 2.5%, but themedium-to-long term goal is to increase it to 5%.

As an integral part of the innovation process, thelaboratories of CTG, the Group Technical Center,carry out Research and Development activities inthe field of cementitious materials and relatedapplications. The Group’s growth vision andresearch & innovation strategy for new productsand enhanced manufacturing processes hinge onSustainable Development.

As a tangible architectural volume, ITCLab is setto embody Italcementi’s commitment toenvironmental sustainability. The building designhas actually been oriented towards meeting themost stringent requirements vis-à-vis energyefficiency and, more generally, innovative design quality. The ITCLab will incorporate TX Ariacement in its design.

Front Entrance

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