8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

1/25

Ethics and LeadershipEthics and Leadership

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

2/25

Outline

What is ethics?

Three approaches to resolvingethical conficts

Making ethical decisions

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

3/25

Ethics: What Does It

Really Mean?Defnitions

Ethicsinvolves a discipline thatexamines good or bad practiceswithin the context o a moral duty

Moral conductis behavior that isright or wrong

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

4/25

Two Key Branches o

Ethics Descriptie ethicsinvolves

describing, characteriing and

studying morality! "What is#

!or"atie ethicsinvolves

supplying and $ustiying moralsystems

! "What should be#

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

5/25

# Models o $eadership

Ethics%& I""oral $eadership%& style devoid o

ethical principles and active opposition towhat is ethical'

'& Moral $eadership%(onorms to highstandards o ethical behavior'

#& ("oral $eadership! )ntentional * does not consider ethical actors

! +nintentional * casual or careless about ethicalconsiderations in business

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

6/25

Resolin) Ethical

*on+ictsThree (pproaches

(onventional

rinciples

-thical tests

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

7/25

*onentional (pproach to

Ethics (onventional approach to ethics

involves a comparison o a decision

or practice to prevailing societalnorms

! itall. ethical relatiis"

/ecision or ractice revailing0orms

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

8/25

$eadership and Ethics*ulture Relatiis"

Many people in contemporarysociety are inclined toward

relativism * roughly, the viewthat there is no ob$ective truthin morality, right and wrong are

only matters o opinion thatvary rom culture to culture,and possibly, rom person to

person'

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

9/25

$eadership and Ethics*ulture Relatiis"

Descriptie relatiis"claims thatmembers o di1erent cultures have

di1erent moral belies'

!or"atie relatiis"claims that the

truth o moral belies depends uponparticular cultures, such that the beliethat cannibalism is right can be true orculture & but alse or culture 2'

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

10/25

$eadership and Ethics*ulture Relatiis"

0ormative relativism has some ratherundesirable implications.

! it prohibits us rom ever morally condemninganother culture3s values and practices4

! it suggests that we need look no urther that

our own culture or moral guidance4

! it renders the notions o moral progress andmoral reorm incoherent'

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

11/25

,ources o Ethical !or"s

Fellow Workers

Family

Friends

The Law

Regions of

Country

Profession

Employer

Society at Large

Fellow Workers

Religious

Beliefs

The Individual

Conscience

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

12/25

Ma-in) Ethical

.ud)"entsBehaior or act

that has !een

committed

Preailing norms

of accepta!ility

"alue #udgments

and perceptions ofthe o!serer

compared with

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

13/25

/rinciples (pproach to

Ethics

+tilitarianism

5ights

6ustice

(aring

7irtue ethics

8ervant leadership

9olden 5ule

/rinciples(pproach&nchors decision

makingon an ethical principlesuch as.

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

14/25

/rinciples (pproach to

Ethics

/rinciple o 0tilitarianis"ocuses

on an act that produces the greatestratio o good to evil or everyone

! (onse:uentialist theory

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

15/25

/rinciples (pproach to

Ethics/rinciple o Ri)htsocuses onexamining and possibly protecting

individual moralor legal rights

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

16/25

/rinciples (pproach to

Ethics

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

17/25

/rinciples (pproach to

Ethics /rinciple o 1usticeinvolves

considering what alternative

promotes air treatment o people Types o $ustice

! /istributive

! (ompensatory! rocedural

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

18/25

/rinciples (pproach to

Ethics /rinciple o carin)ocuses on a

person as a relational ;cooperativeistening -mpathy

ealing

ersuasion&wareness

=oresight (onceptualiation

(ommitment to thegrowth o people

8tewardship 2uilding community

*haracteristics o ,erant $e

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

20/25

3olden Rule

3olden ruleocuses on the

premise that you should o untoothers as you would have them dounto you

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

21/25

Ethics Test (pproach

Ethics Test (pproach

Test o common sense

Test o one3s best sel

Test o making something public

Test o ventilation 9ag test

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

22/25

Ethical Decision4Ma-in)Identify decision you

are about to make

Articulateall dimensions

of proposed decision

Conventional Approach

Standards/Norms

-Personal-Organizational

-Societal

-International

Principles Approach

Ethical Principles

-Justice-ights

-!tilitarianism

-"olden ule

Ethical Tests Approach

Ethical #ests

-$ommon sense-One%s best self

-Public disclosure

-"ag test & & &

$ourse of action passes

ethics screen

Engage in course of

action

$ourse of action fails

ethics screen

Do not engagein course

of action

Identify ne' course of

action

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

23/25

Ethical Decision Models+tilitarian Model

!&n ethical decision is one that produces the greatest good or thegreatest number o people'

Moral 5ights Model

!&n ethical decision is one that best maintains and protects theundamental rights and privileges o the people a1ected by it'

6ustice Model

!&n ethical decision is one that distributes bene@ts and harmsamong individuals in a air, e:uitable, or impartial way'

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

24/25

Ethical Models

UtilitarianJustice

Moral Rights

IDEALIDEALutco!eutco!e

8/9/2019 Lecture22 Ethics (1)

25/25

,teps to Ethical Decision

Ma-in)

Think through dilemma$

identify all components as o!#ectiely as possi!le%

Consider options

&ecide which option is most ethical

'ow can the option !e implemented

What are the conse(uences

of your decision