LECTURE1-Classification of Forces

7/23/2019 LECTURE1-Classification of Forces

1/50

MMECHANICALECHANICAL DDESIGNESIGN

OFOF PPROCESSROCESS

EEQUIPMENTQUIPMENT(CHE 641/CPE639)(CHE 641/CPE639)

FACULTY OF CHEMICALENGINEERING, FKK, UiTM SHAH


2/50

NUR AZRINI RAMLEENUR AZRINI RAMLEE

profleprofleOe! Le"#rer Roo$ le%el &Oe No! 0'55(')(05

E$*il! *+rii-.*l*$/#i"$/e#/$

or3i4 eperiee! *l$o." 10 e*r. ! UTM 6Te*7i4 A..i."*"8

! R#.7 S/ 97 6:roe.. E4ieer8

! M*l*.i* N#le*r A4e 6Re.e*r7Oer8

! UiTM 6Le"#rer8

mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


3/50

Co#r.e I;or$*"ioCo#r.e I;or$*"io

COURSE NAME< MECHANICAL =ESIGN OF:ROCESS

E>UI:MENT

COURSE CO=E< CHE)(1?C:E)'&

:ROGRAM< EH220?EH2(1?EH2(2

SEMESTER< )

CRE=IT HOURS< '

CONTACT HOURS< (

COURSE STATUS< NON CORE

:RE RE>UISITE< NIL



4/50

Co#r.e Sop.i.Co#r.e Sop.i.

T7i. o#r.e i$p*r". "7e know!"#! o$ %&!'&*+, ,n" -!+&,n*+, '.o'!.%*! o$-,%!.*, eee ;or "7e e.i4 o; proe..

e4ieeri4 e@#ip$e"/Topi. o%ere il#e %&!o.*! o$ %.+%.!o$ -,%!.*,, $e7*i*l proper"ie. **l.i..#7 *. %.! ,n" %.,*n0 %&!o. o$

$,*.!0 n, %&! -!+&,n*+, "!*#n o$'.!.! 2!! ,n" ''o.% $o. +&!-*+,'.o+! !*'-!n%/



5/50

Co#r.e O#"o$e. 6CO.8Co#r.e O#"o$e. 6CO.8

CO1!=e.rie "7e ."r#"#re o; %*rio#. "pe. o;e4ieeri4 $*"eri*l./

CO2! =e$o."r*"e e4ieeri4 *l#l*"io.rel*"e "o "7e $e7*i*l proper"ie. o;$*"eri*l/

CO'! E%*l#*"e "7e $e7*i*l e.i4 o;pre..#re %e..el. * .#ppor"./



6/50

Me"7o. o; I."r#"ioMe"7o. o; I."r#"io

Le"#re * "#"ori*l.

Le"#re! '7r?B3

T#"ori*l! 17r?B3



7/50

Le..o :l*Le..o :l*



8/50

C, A%%!n",n+! Po*+C, A%%!n",n+! Po*+E*7 ."#e" i. o$p#l.or 61008 "o *""e *lll*..e. il#i4 le"#re. AN= "#"ori*l.,il#i4 "7e fr." l*.. .e..io, i orer "o %eri;re4i."r*"io Bi"7 le"#rer, * "o o$ple"e *llBor3 *..i4e ;or "7e o#r.e/

I; ."#e". o o" *""e 20 o; "7e l*..e. *o o" 4i%e prior o"if*"io "o "7e le"#rer o;re*.o. ;or *.ee * i"e" "o *""e "7el*.., "7e ."#e" .7*ll e *r ;ro$ "7e f*l

e*$/

Le"#rer o; o#r.e. *re o" oli4*"e "o pro%ie$*3e!#p oppor"#i"ie. ;or ."#e". B7o *re*.e", #le.. "7e *.ee 7*. ee oi*ll

*ppro%e/ An ofcially approved absence,however merel ives the individual who missed



9/50

A+,"!-*+ D*&on!%A+,"!-*+ D*&on!%S"*"e$e" o A*e$i =i.7oe."< T7e ri4i ."r#"#re .7oB i. .#De"e"o * 5000l ;ore :/ T7e oe"io *"

Doi". A,9, * C *re ;ri"iole.. pi/=e"er$ie "7e ;ore A * 9 o A9/HoB $* #3oB For $o$e" 7oo.e "7e ri47" .ie:oi" A B*. .ele"e ;or "7e $o$e"

e@#*"io/F0 J

F0 J

M0 J6A"i lo3Bi.e8



18/50

:roe#re o; **l.i.:roe#re o; **l.i.

=eie B7i7 .e4$e" "o eo.iere/

=e"er$ie "7e re*"io *"i4 o

"7e 7o.e .e4$e"/=r*B F9= o; e"ire o

Appl ee..*r e@#*"io o;

e@#iliri#$



19/50


6o"86o"8F9=! Keep *ll e"er*l i."ri#"e lo*,

$o$e"., "or@#e. * ;ore. *"i4 o"7e o i "7eir e*" lo*"io.,

! Se"io i. o;"e "*3e perpei#l*r "o"7e lo4i"#i*l *i. o; "7e $e$er/

! =r*B F9=, o; #" .e4$e" *

ii*"e #3oB re.#l"*" or$*l ;ore6N8, .7e*r ;ore 68, ei4 $o$e"6M8, * "or.io*l $o$e$ 6T8 *" "7e.e"io/



20/50


6o"86o"8F9=

!*" opl**r .."e$ o; ;ore., ol N, * M *" *" e"roi

E@#*"io o; e@#iliri#$!Mo$e" .7o#l e .#$$e *" "7e

.e"io/ =oi4 "7i. eli$i*"e. "7e#3oB ;ore. N * * *lloBire" .ol#"io ;or M/

!I; i". e4*"i%e, $e* "7*" i". oppo.i"e"7e ire"io*l .7oB i F9=



21/50

Free 9o =i*4r*$Free 9o =i*4r*$

A*l.i.A*l.i.



22/50

E*$ple :role$ 2! Fore E*$ple :role$ 2! Fore

Re*"ioRe*"ioA &00 34 $*.. i. .#ppor"e * roller"7*" * $o%e *lo4 * e*$/ T7ee*$ i. .#ppor"e * pi *" A *roller *" 9/*8Ne4le" "7e $*.. o; "7e e*$ *e"er$ie "7e re*"io *" A 9

8I; "7e $*.. o; "7e e*$ i. /5 34?$,e"er$ie "7e re*"io *" A * 9



23/50

E*$ple :role$ '! Fore E*$ple :role$ '! Fore

Re*"ioRe*"io

a) Determine the support reaction

) The internal force s!stem on a

section " ft to the right of a support

at #$



24/50

E*$ple :role$ (! Fore E*$ple :role$ (! Fore

Re*"ioRe*"io

The cantile%er eam is suected to oth concentrated

and distriuted loads$ Determine'(

a) the support reactions

) The internal forces on a section m to the right of

the support at #



25/50

Nor$*l ."re.. #er *i*lNor$*l ."re.. #er *i*l

lo*i4lo*i49o $#." e *le "o Bi"7."* .*;el "7e

i"e.i" o; i"er*l ;ore

S"re.. o; "7e .#ppor"e i. epe o i"er*l;ore, F * e"ire *re*, A

Area

ForceStress=

stressnormalecompressivfor

stressnormaltensilefor

A

Favg

+

=

#*ial force(since

the force are

linear +ith

centroid a*is$

#%erage

intensit! of

internal forces,

also no+n as

a%erage normal

stress FACULTY OF CHEMICALENGINEERING, FKK, UiTM SHAH


26/50

T7e *" ."eel *r 7*. *i*l lo*. *pplie *"

poi" A, 9, C * = *. .7oB/ O; "7e *r 7*.ro.. .e"io*l *re* o; ' i72, e"er$ie "7eno.-, %.! i "7e *r

*8 o * ro.. .e"io 20 i7, "o "7e ri47" o;

poi" A8 o * ro.. .e"io 20 i7, "o "7e ri47" o;

poi" 9

8o ro.. .e"io 20 i7, "o "7e ri47" o;

poi" C

E*$ple :role$ 5!E*$ple :role$ 5!

S"re..S"re..



27/50

S7e*ri4 ."re.. i oe"ioS7e*ri4 ."re.. i oe"io

Lo*. *ppl 4eer*ll "r*.$i""e "o "7e

ii%i#*l "7ro#47 ri%e", ol"., pi, *il./ I" re.#l"*" "o .7e*r ;ore e@#*l "o *pplie

lo* :

areaboltA

forceshearV

A

Vavg

=

=

=

Shear force on each cross section e-ual

to half of the applied load



28/50

9e*ri4 ."re..9e*ri4 ."re..

KoB *. o$pre..i%e or$*l ."re..

I" i. "7e ;ore p#.7i4 *4*i." * ."r#"#rei%ie "7e *re*/

Sie $e"*l * .#."*i ."re.. o; .e%er*l"7o#.* po# per .@#*re i7, #i" o; 3.i P

3ip per .@#*re i7 *lB*. ee #.e 61 3.i1000p.i8

areaprojectedA

surfacecontacttheacross

dtransmitteforceFA

Fb

=

=

=

Pam

NstressforunitSI /2=> FACULTY OF CHEMICALENGINEERING, FKK, UiTM SHAH


29/50

A r*.. "#e Bi"7 * o#".ie i*$e"er o; 2 i7 *B*ll "7i3e.. o; 0/'Q5 i7 i. oe"e "o * ."eel"#e Bi"7 * i.ie i*$e"er o; 2 i7 * B*ll"7i3e.. o; 0/25 i7 #.i4 0/Q5 i7 i*$e"erpi/ =e"er$ie

*8T7e .7e*ri4 ."re.. i "7e pi B7e "7e Doi" i.*rri4 * *i*l lo* : o; 10 3ip

8 T7e le4"7 o; Doi" re@#ire i; "7e pi i. repl*e * 4l#e Doi" * "7e .7e*ri4 ."re.. i "7e 4l#e $#."e li$i"e "o 250 p.i

E*$ple :role$ )! S7e*rE*$ple :role$ )! S7e*r

S"re..S"re..



30/50

AlloB*le S"re..AlloB*le S"re..R!,on $o. F,*.! o$ %.+%.!

A"#*l Lo* i. iere" ;ro$ "7e e.i4e lo*

=ieree i Me*.#re$e". #e "o error. i;*ri*"io or i *..e$l

U3oB ir*"io., i$p*" or *ie"*l

lo*i4 =e"erior*"io #e "o orro.io, e* *

Be*"7er/

Hi47 %*ri*ili" i $e7*i*l proper"ie./A ,ow,7! %.!i. * $*i$#$ ."re.. #.e

;or .i+i4 ."r#"#r*l $e$er. "o 4#*r *4*i.";*il#re o; "7e $e$er B7e i .er%ie/

T7e F,+%o. o$ S,$!%"*3e. "7e *lloB*le ."re..i"o *o#"/

allow

failSF

=..

allow

failSF

=..



31/50

S"re..e. o ilie pl*e i *i*llS"re..e. o ilie pl*e i *i*ll

lo*e $e$erlo*e $e$er

A

Favg=

A

Vavg =

For inclined '(

2sin2

cossin

cos

sin

)2cos1(2

cos

cos

cos 2

AP

AP

AP

AV

A

P

A

P

A

P

A

N

n

n

n

n

====

+====

.h! it is cosand the other is sin/

N and V depend on the angle 0,

and with respect to incline plane ofapplied load.



32/50

S"re..e. o ilie pl*e i *i*llS"re..e. o ilie pl*e i *i*ll

lo*e $e$erlo*e $e$erGr*p7 eloB .7oB "7e $*4i"#e. o;

* *. * ;#"io o; 0/

$* B7e 0 is 12or 3412

ma* +hen 0 is 52or 3652

Therefore, the ma*imum normal and shearingstress for a*ial tensile or compressi%e loading are

n

n

n

n

A

P

A

P

2

,maxmax

==



33/50

E*$ple :role$ Q!AlloB*leE*$ple :role$ Q!AlloB*le

S"re..S"re..A pl*."i *r Bi"7 ir#l*r ro.. .e"io Bill

e #.e "o .#ppor" * *i*l lo* o; 1000 l/"7e *lloB*le or$*l * .7e*ri4 ."re.. i"7e *7e.i%e Doi" #.e "o oe" "7e "Bop*r". o; "7e *r *re )Q5 p.i * '50 p.i

re.pe"i%el/ =e"er$ie "7e re@#irei*$e"er, o; "7e *r/ =r*B "7e F9=/



34/50

S"re.. Tr*.;or$*"io! LEARNINGS"re.. Tr*.;or$*"io! LEARNING

OUTCOMESOUTCOMES

Uer."* "7e oep" 7oB "o "r*.;or$"7e ."re.. o$poe". "7*" *re *..oi*"eBi"7 * p*r"i#l*r oori*"e .."e$ i"oo$poe". *..oi*"e Bi"7 * oori*"e

.."e$ 7*%i4 * iere" orie"*"io/To ie"i; I!:l*e :riip*l S"re..e.,

:l*e. Orie"*"io, Bi"7 6 08

To *l#l*"e M*i$#$ I!:l*e S7e*rS"re.. Orie"*"io :l*e., Bi"76 8

p

s

minmax,

xy

average



35/50

S"re.. "r*.;or$*"ioS"re.. "r*.;or$*"io

e@#*"io.!C7*p"er &e@#*"io.!C7*p"er &

T7i. e@#*"io rel*"e. or$*l* .7e*ri4 ."re.. o oepl*e 6B7o.e or$*l i. orie"e *" * *4le Br" *re;eree !*i.8, "7ro#47 * poi" * 3oB ."re.. , , * o "7e re;eree pl*e "7*" * e

e%elope #.i4 F9=/ All ."re.. *re po.i"i%e

=o""e lie A!A repre.e" * pl*e "7ro#47 "7e poi"

Co#"er lo3Bi.e *4le i. po.i"i%e, B7ere i.$e*.#re ;ro$ "7e po.i"i%e !*i. "o "7e po.i"i%e !*i./

A o. ;or "7e %er"i*l * A .i ;or "7e 7ori+o"*l;*e/ N!*i. i. perpei#l*r "o "7e ilie ;*e/ T7e "!*i. p*r*llel "o "7e ilie ;*e$

T7e * " *e. .7oB *re po.i"i%e/

S"re.. *re $#l"iplie "7e *re*. o%er B7i7 "7e *"/FACULTY OF CHEMICALENGINEERING, FKK, UiTM SHAH


36/50


e@#*"io.!7*p"er &e@#*"io.!7*p"er &

Summation of force in n(direction

2sin2cos22

:

cossin2sincos

0sin)cos(cos)sin(sin)sin(cos)cos(

22

xy

yxyx

n

xyyxn

xyyx

xyyxyxnn

angledoubleoftermsin

knowing

dAdAdAdAdAF

+

++

=

++=

=

==+



37/50

S#$$*"io o; ;ore i "!

ire"io


e@#*"io.e@#*"io.

2cos2sin2

:

)sin(coscossin)(

0cos)cos(sin)sin(cos)sin(sin)cos(

22

xy

yx

nt

xyyxnt

xyyx

xyyxyxntt

angledoubleoftermsin

knowing

dAdAdAdAdAF

+

=

+=

=

=+=+

Te.ile or$*l ."re.. J%e, B7ile o$pre..i%e or$*l ."re.. P%e

Si4 o; or$*l ."re.. iepee" o; "7e oori*"e ei4 #.e

A4le $e*.#re *"i!lo3Bi.e ;ro$ po.i"i%e !*i.

All ;ore i f4#re *re po.i"i%e Si4 o; .7e*ri4 ."re.. poi"i4 oppo.i"e ire"io Bo#l e P%e

T7e .i4 o; .7e*ri4 ."re.. epe o "7e oori*"e ei4 #.e

I; i". po.i"i%e *" fr." oori*"e, "7e %*l#e Bill re$*i



38/50

Geer*l E@#*"io o; :l*e!Geer*l E@#*"io o; :l*e!

S"re.. Tr*.;or$*"ioS"re.. Tr*.;or$*"io For e.i4 p#rpo.e, ri"i*l ."re..e. *" "7e poi"

#.#*ll "7e $*i$#$ "e.ile ."re.. * "7e $*i$#$.7e*ri4 ."re.., 3oBi4 "7*"

S#."i"#"e 07 0891oin e- 3

M*i$#$ * $ii$#$ %*l#e. o; :n occur at %alue of 0

for +hich :n ;d 071, the differentiation !ields '(


39/50


40/50

*l#e. ;ro$ *o%e 4i%e "7e orie"*"io o;"Bo priip*l pl*e/ T7e "7ir priip*l pl*e;or "7e pl*e ."re.. ."*"e 7*. * o#"B*ror$*l "o "7e +!ire"io

Fro$

A repl*e .i 20 and cos 20 in e- 3 and e-?,

thusT7i. 4i%e '.*n+*', %.! 2

2

2,122

xy

yxyx

+

+=

:riip*l ."re..e. Orie"*"io:riip*l ."re..e. Orie"*"io

o; ele$e"o; ele$e"

yx

xy

p

=

22tan



41/50

Fro$ e@#*"io '

M*i$#$ i!pl*e .7e*r ."re.. o#rreB7e

T7#., 4i%e. "7e o.*!n%,%*on -,8*-- *n',n! &!,. ."re..

xy

yx

s

2

)(2tan

=

2cos2sin2

@ xyyx

yxnt +

=

0/ = dd xy

M*i$#$ I!:l*e S7e*r S"re..M*i$#$ I!:l*e S7e*r S"re..

* *%er*4e ."re..* *%er*4e ."re..



42/50

2

yx

avg

+=

2

2

max

2 xy

yx

planein

+

=

Maximum in plane shear stress

Average plane normal stress

M*i$#$ I!:l*e S7e*r S"re..M*i$#$ I!:l*e S7e*r S"re..

* *%er*4e ."re..* *%er*4e ."re..


S


43/50

P.*n+*', S%.! M,8*-- In',n!S&!,. S%.!

2

2

minmax,22

xy

yxyx

+

+= 2

2

max

2 xy

yx

planein

+

=

0=

2

yx

avg

+=

yx

xy

p

=

22tan

xy

yx

s

2

)(2tan

=

Summar!@$



44/50

AA" * poi" o ."r#"#r*l $e$er

.#De"e "o pl*e ."re.. "7ere *reor$*l * .7e*ri4 ."re..e. o7ori+o"*l * %er"i*l pl*e."7ro#47 * poi"/ U.e ."re.."r*.;or$*"io e@#*"io "oe"er$ie

LECTURE1-Classification of Forces

Documents

Transcript of LECTURE1-Classification of Forces