Lecture - Wayne State...
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Lecture 5Fiber‐Optical, Integrated Optical, and Micro‐Optical p , pNetwork Components
Slide 1Ivan Avrutsky, ECE 5870 Optical Communication Networks, Fall 2008, Lecture 5
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Polarization of Light
In electro‐magnetic wave propagating in vacuum the vectors, and are mutually th l
Er
orthogonal.
Most of light sources produce nonpolarizedlight. The electric field vector randomlychanges its direction although it is always
kr
Hr
Er
changes its direction, although it is always normal to the propagation direction.
Laser light usually has linear polarization:
kr
Er
-plane
electric field vector oscillates in amplitude, but its direction is well determined. k
r
Hr
-plane
Add two waves polarized in orthogonal directions (x and y) with π/2 phase shift between them and you get a circularly polarized light. y
xerx
yer z
Er
If x and y component are not identical in amplitude and/or phase shift between them is not exactly π/2, the polarization is elliptical.
ψ
x
y
Er
maxEminE
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E
Polarizer
Er Polarization of
transmitted light
Polarization ofabsorbed light
r
kr
kr
transmitted light
ψ
||E
⊥Er
Incident beam
k
Transmitted beaml i ipolarization polarization
The simplest device to control light polarization: polarizer.For linearly polarized input the transmitted intensity is proportional to Cos2 of the angle between the input polarization and the polarization plane if the polarizer
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polarization plane if the polarizer.
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