Lecture 9 Komunikasi Interpersonal

8/6/2019 Lecture 9 Komunikasi Interpersonal

1/19

INTERPERSONAL

COMMUNICATION


2/19

What is interpersonal communication?

Communication that occurs between peoplewho have known each other for some time

These people view each other as unique

individuals These people interact in close physical

proximity

There are a few participants involved in

interpersonal communication Feedback is immediate

Interacting with your friend and with asalesperson is different the former is

considered as an interpersonal comm.


3/19

Functions ofInterpersonal

Communication

To gain information about other personsto improve interactions with them

To build a context of understanding (tounderstand what a person really meanswhen he / she says something)

To establish our self-identity and self-image

To fulfill our interpersonal needs


4/19

CONVERSATIONPROCESS

1.

Opening Open up with verbal and / or nonverbal greetings Start conversation with something positive and

dont self-disclose too early

2. Feedforward Give the other person an idea what you are

about to say

3. Business The actual messages that you want to say

4. Feedback Give response to what just said

5. Closing Close with verbal and / or nonverbal comm.

Briefly summarize the conversation


5/19

Maintaining Conversations

Use verbal and nonverbal cues to signalconversational turns

1. Speaker cues

Turn-maintaining cues Turn-yielding cues

2. Listener cues

Turn-requesting cues

Turn-denying cues

Backchanneling cues


6/19

Conversation Problems:

Prevention and Repair

To prevent conversation problems:

Use a Disclaimer a statement that aims

to ensure that your message will beunderstood and will not reflect negativelyon you

To repair conversation problems:

Give an Excuse - a statement designed tolessen the negative impact of a speakersmessages


7/19

RELATIONSHIPPROCESS

Contact

Involvement

Intimacy

Deteriorate

Repair

Dissolution


8/19

Reasons forRelationship

Development

1. To lessen loneliness

2. To secure stimulation

Intellectual Stimulation, Physical

Stimulation and Emotional Stimulation

3. To acquire self-knowledge

4. To maximize pleasures and minimize

pain


9/19

Initiating Relationships: The first

encounter

Most difficult and most important

3 phases involved:

1. Examine the qualifiers

eg. look at the persons dressing, beauty,jewelry, personality, health, wealth, etc.

Qualifiers tell you something about theperson and help you decide whether topursue

2. Determine clearance eg. look for wedding ring

3. Make contact

Nonverbal and verbal


10/19

Causes ofRelationship

Deterioration

1. When the reasons you developed the

relationship change drastically

2. Relational Changes

3. Unrealistic expectations

4. Unhappiness with work

5. Financial Difficulties


11/19

Communication in Relationship

Deterioration

Withdrawal

Declining Self-disclosure

Deception

Increase in negative evaluations and

decrease in positive evaluations

Less Exchange in Favors


12/19

Reasons for maintaining

relationship

Emotional attachment

Convenience Children

Fear

Financial advantages

Inertia Commitment

Effective communication patterns


13/19

Relationship Repair

Six suggestions to repair a relationship:

Recognize the problem

Engage in productive conflict resolution Propose possible solutions

Affirm each other

Integrate solutions into normal behavior

Risk


14/19

RELATIONSHIPTHEORIES

Theories about why and how we develop and

dissolve our relationships

Attraction Theory

Relationship Rules Approach

Social Penetration Approach

Social Exchange Theory

Equity Theory


15/19

Attraction Theory

Relationship based on attraction to

someone

4 factors of attraction:

1. Attractiveness: Physical and Personality

2. Similarity

3. Proximity4. Reinforcement


16/19

Relationship Rules Approach

Relationships are governed by specific rules

When the rules are broken, the relationship maydeteriorate and even dissolve.

Friendship Rules

share information and feelings about

successes trust each other, confide each other

offer to help friend when in need

Romantic Rules

acknowledge one anothers individualidentities and lives beyond the relationship

express similar attitudes, beliefs, values andinterests

remain loyal and faithful to one another

have substantial shared time together


17/19

Social Penetration Theory

It describes relationships in terms of the

number of topics that people talk about and

their degree of personalness (the depth ofdiscussion)

Depenetration - a process in which the

number and depth of topics talked change

when a relationship deteriorates


18/19

Social Exchange Theory

The theory claims that you develop arelationship that will enable you to maximizeyour profits

Profits = Rewards Costs You enter a relationship with a comparison

level a general ideal of the kinds of rewardsand profits that you feel you ought to get out

of such a relationship You also compare the profits you get from

your current relationship with the profits youthink you could get from alternative

relationship


19/19

Equity Theory

You develop and maintain relationships in

which the ratio of your rewards compared to

costs is approximately equal to your partners Each partner derives rewards that are

proportional to their costs

Inequality exists when one of the partner gets

more than what he / she puts in

Lecture 9 Komunikasi Interpersonal

Documents

Transcript of Lecture 9 Komunikasi Interpersonal