Lecture 8
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Transcript of Lecture 8
Lecture 8Lecture 8
Non-verbal CommunicationNon-verbal Communication
andand
Time in CultureTime in Culture
Nonverbal Communication Nonverbal Communication AreasAreas
Body Movements (kinesics)Body Movements (kinesics) Space (proxemics)Space (proxemics) Time (chronemics)Time (chronemics) Touch (haptics)Touch (haptics) Voice (paralanguage)Voice (paralanguage) ArtifactsArtifacts Physical qualities (appearance, Physical qualities (appearance,
etc.)etc.) Social / Environmental ContextSocial / Environmental Context
10% to 45% of communication is verbal10% to 45% of communication is verbal two people speaking same native languagetwo people speaking same native language
Everything else is NVC & contextEverything else is NVC & context Not just gestures & body languageNot just gestures & body language
Overview of NVCOverview of NVC
Subconscious cultural differencesSubconscious cultural differences No dictionaries No dictionaries Usually cannot ask someone to Usually cannot ask someone to
repeat repeat Generally difficult to hideGenerally difficult to hide
Characteristics of NVCCharacteristics of NVC
3 types in every culture but one 3 types in every culture but one dominatesdominates Past orientationPast orientation Present orientationPresent orientation Future orientationFuture orientation
Time OrientationsTime Orientations
Past OrientationPast Orientation TraditionTradition very important very important worship ancestorsworship ancestors and and strong family tiesstrong family ties aristocracyaristocracy is important is important
Present OrientationPresent Orientation very little attention to past or futurevery little attention to past or future past is past is unimportantunimportant and future is and future is vaguevague and and
unpredictableunpredictable
Future OrientationFuture Orientation ChangeChange highly valued highly valued Future viewed as Future viewed as ““bigger and betterbigger and better”” Being Being ““old-fashionedold-fashioned”” is not a good thing is not a good thing
sleeping, eating, arriving for meetings, sleeping, eating, arriving for meetings, etc.,etc.,
how many things one can do at one time how many things one can do at one time Two ways of categorizingTwo ways of categorizing……
MonochronicMonochronic PolychronicPolychronic
Time PatternsTime Patterns
compartmentalizationcompartmentalization of time of time Schedule events, see or do things one at a timeSchedule events, see or do things one at a time Agendas during meetingsAgendas during meetings Must wait oneMust wait one’’s turns turn
Parties organized and planned to the Parties organized and planned to the minuteminute
Order is important.Order is important.
Japan, America, Western EuropeJapan, America, Western Europe cultures with cultures with low levelslow levels of involvement among of involvement among
peoplepeople
Monochronic Time PatternMonochronic Time Pattern
No compartmentalizationNo compartmentalization Several activities at the Several activities at the same timesame time Lack of schedulesLack of schedules
Parties are unplannedParties are unplanned People come and go as they pleasePeople come and go as they please Afro-America, Latin America, Middle East, Afro-America, Latin America, Middle East,
East India, Malaysia, ChinaEast India, Malaysia, China cultures with cultures with high levelshigh levels of involvement among of involvement among
peoplepeople
Polychronic Time PatternPolychronic Time Pattern