Lecture 7 breastfeeding

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Health Education- Breastfeeding Miss Chantelle Chaudoin MPH

Transcript of Lecture 7 breastfeeding

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Health Education-BreastfeedingMiss Chantelle Chaudoin MPH

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Breastfeeding Breast milk alone is the only food and drink

an infant needs for the first 6 months of life. Breast milk is easy for the baby to digest. It promotes growth and development and

protects against illness A baby who is 6 months and old needs to be

fed food along with breast milk. This should continue until the child is two years old.

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Breastfeeding If regular weighing shows that a breastfed body under

six months is not growing well: The child may need more frequent breastfeeding. At

least 12 feeds during a 24 hour period may be necessary. The baby should suckle for at least 15 minutes

The child may need help to take more of the breast in it’s mouth

The child may be ill and should be taken to a trained health worker

Water or other fluids may be reducing the intake of breast milk. The mother should not give other fluids and should breastfeed only

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Breastfeeding There is a risk that a woman infected with

HIV can pass the disease on to her infant through breastfeeding.

Women who are infected or think that they may be infected should be tested and advised on how to reduce the risk of infecting their child

The best way to avoid the risk of transmitting the infection is to avoid becoming infected.

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Breastfeeding Newborn babies should be kept close to their mothers

and begin breastfeeding within one hour of birth. Having the baby breastfeed soon after birth

stimulated the production of the mother’s breast milk.

Colostrums- is the think yellowish milk the mother produces in the first few days after birth. Mothers should feed this to their baby as it is very nutritious.

Mothers who give birth in a hospital or clinic have the right to keep their baby with them during the first 24 hours in the same room, and should insist that only breast milk-not formula or water- is fed to their baby.

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Breastfeeding Frequent breastfeeding causes more milk

to be produced. Almost every mother can breastfeed successfully.

Many new mothers need encouragement and help to begin breastfeeding.

How the mother holds her baby and how the baby takes the breast into its mouth are very important. Signs that the baby is in a good position for

breastfeeding are: The baby’s whole body is turned towards the

mother. The baby is close to the mother. The baby is relaxed and happy.

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Breastfeeding Holding the baby in a poor suckling position

can cause such difficulties as: Sore and cracked nipples Not enough milk Refusal to feed

Signs that the baby is feeding well: The baby’s mouth is wide open The baby’s chin is touching the mother’s breast More of the dark skin around the mother’s nipple

can be seen above the baby’s mouth than below it

The baby takes long deep sucks The mother does not feel any pain in the nipple

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Breastfeeding Almost every mother can produce enough

milk when: She breastfeeds exclusively The baby is in a good position, has the breast

well in the mouth The baby feeds as often and as long as he or

she wants including during the night If a newborn sleeps more than 3 hours after

breastfeeding he or she may be gently awakened and offered the breast

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Breastfeeding Mothers should not give babies other food or

drinks in the first few months of life because this causes the baby to suckle less often, so less milk is produced

Pacifiers, dummies or bottles should not be given to babies because the suckling action for these is very different than the suckling action at the breast.

Mothers need to be reassured that they can feed their babies properly with breast milk alone. They need encouragement and support from the child’s father, their families, neighbors, friends, health workers, employers and women’s organizations

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Breastfeeding Breastfeeding helps protect babies and young

children against dangerous illnesses. It also creates a special bond between the mother and child

Breast milk is the baby’s “first immunizations.” It helps protect against diarrhea, ear and chest infections, and other health problems

Protection is greatest when breast milk alone is given for the first six months and continues well into the second year and beyond

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Breastfeeding Bottle feeding can lead to illness and death If a woman cannot breastfeed her infant, the baby

should be fed breast milk or breast milk substitute from an ordinary clean cup

Unclean bottles and teats can cause illnesses such as diarrhea and ear infections

Diarrhea can be deadly for babies Illness is less likely if bottles and teats are sterilized

in boiling water before each feed, but bottle fed babies are still far more susceptible to diarrhea and other common infections than breastfed babies.

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Breastfeeding The best food for a baby who cannot be

breastfed is milk expressed from the mother’s breast or from another healthy mother

The breast milk should be given from a clean open cup

If breast milk is not available a nutritional adequate breast milk substitute should be fed to the baby by a cup

Infants who are fed breast milk substitutes (formula) are at greater risk of death than breastfed infants

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Breast Milk Substitutes Feeding the baby breast milk substitutes can

cause poor growth or illness if too much or too little water is added or the water is not clean

It is important to boil and then cool the water and then carefully follow the instructions for mixing breast milk substitutes

Animals milk and infant formula can go bad if left at room temperature for more than a few hours. Breast milk can be stored at room temperature for up to 8 hours before going bad. Keep it in a clean, covered container.

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Complimentary Feeding From the age of 6 months babies need a variety of

additional foods, but breast milk should be continued through the child’s second year and beyond

Although children need additional foods after they are 6 months old, breast milk is still an important source of energy, protein, and other nutrients such as vitamin A and iron

From the age 6 months to 1 year, the child should be offered breast milk before other foods

The child’s diet should include peeled, cooked and mashed vegetables, grains, fruit, fish, eggs, chicken, meat or dairy products to provide vitamins and minerals

In the second year, breastfeeding should be offered after meals and at other times. A mother can continue to breastfeed her child for as long as she and the child wish.

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General Guidelines From 6-12 months: breast feed frequently and give

other foods 3-5 times a day. From 12-24 months: breast feed frequently and give

family foods 5 times a day. From 24 months onward: continue breast feeding if

both mother and child wish and give family foods 5 times a day.

Babies fall ill frequently as they begin to crawl, walk, play and drink and eat other foods.

A sick child needs plenty of breast milk. It is a nutritious, easily digestible food, when a child

loses appetites for other foods. Breastfeeding can comfort a child who is upset.

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Working Mothers If a woman cannot breastfeed at her workplace she

should express her milk 3 times a day and store for use later.

A woman employed away from her home can continue to breastfeed a child if she breastfeeds as soon as possible when she is with her infant.

If a mother cannot be with her baby during working hours she should breastfeed often when they are together, frequent breastfeeding will ensure her milk supply.

The mother should not give breast milk substitutes if she is able to breast feed the baby.

Families and communities can encourage employers to provide paid maternity leave and the time and a suitable place for women to breastfeed or express their milk.

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Protection Against Pregnancy Exclusive breastfeeding can give a woman more than

98% protection against pregnancy for 6 months after giving birth, but only if her menstrual periods have not resumed, if her baby breastfeeds frequently day and night, and if the baby is not given any other foods or drinks or pacifier.

It is possible for a mother to become pregnant before her period returns, this becomes increasingly likely 6 months after the birth.

Mothers should avoid becoming pregnant again until her youngest child is more than 2 years of age.

A woman who wants to delay another pregnancy should choose another method of family planning if any of the following apply: Periods have resumed. Baby is taking other foods or drinks or using a pacifier. Baby has reached the age of 6 months.

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Photos

Pacifiers

Manual breast pump

Electric breast pump

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Quiz 1. What is the best form of nourishment

for a baby during the first 6 months of life?a. infant formulab. waterc. Breast milk

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Quiz 2. At what age should babies be given

complimentary foods along with breast milk?a. 4 monthsb. 6 monthsc. 8 months

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Quiz 3. Mothers who are HIV positive can

pass the virus to their child during childbirth and by breastfeeding.a. TRUEb. FALSE

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Quiz 4. If a mother has HIV what should she

feed her baby?a. Her own breast milkb. Infant formulac. Breast milk from another mother who

does not have HIV if socially acceptabled. Either B or C

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Quiz 5. How long is it recommended that

mothers feed their babies breast milk?a. 6 monthsb. 1 yearc. 2 years

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Quiz 6. How many hours can breast milk be

kept at room temperature before going bad?a. 4 hoursb. 6 hoursc. 8 hours

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Quiz 7. Babies who are breast fed are

healthier than babies who are given infant formulaa. TRUEb. FALSE

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Quiz 8.When a baby has diarrhea, mothers

should a. Give them waterb. Give them more breast milkc. Wait until the diarrhea has stopped

before feeding

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Quiz 9. Infant formulas are equally as good

for babies as breast milka. TRUEb. FALSE

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Quiz 10. Benefits of breast feeding for

mothers include:a. Bonding time with childb. Decreased risk of certain types of cancerc. Natural family planning for up to 6

monthsd. All of the above