Lecture 6.5: Skeletal System
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Transcript of Lecture 6.5: Skeletal System
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Lecture 6.5: Skeletal System
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Protect and support digestive and respiratory tracts
Facial Bones
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Floor of orbits Walls of nasal cavity Hard palate—roof of mouth
Maxillary Bones
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Figure 6.12b
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Posterior to hard palate
Palatine Bone (paired)
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Figure 6.12b
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Forms part of nasal septum
Vomer
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Figure 6.11a
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Cheekbones
Zygomatic bone
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Figure 6.11a
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Bridge of nose
Nasal Bone
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Figure 6.11a
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Orbits medial surface
Lacrimal Bone
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Figure 6.11a
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Lateral nasal cavity Slows airflow
Inferior nasal conchae (paired)
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Figure 6.12c
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Lower Jaw Only moveable facial bone
Mandible
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Figure 6.11a
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U-Shaped Base for larynx muscles (voicebox), tongue
and pharynx Stabilizes larynx “Adams Apple”
Hyoid Bone
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Figure 6.14
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Fusion of bones not complete at birth Fontanels—soft spots Flexible Allows skull to expand with brain
Skulls of Infants
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Figure 6.15b
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AKA: Spine Cervical Vertebrae—7 C1-C7 Neck Region Thoracic Vertebrae—12 T1-T12 Articulates with ribs Lumbar Vertebrae—5 L1-L5 Lower Back Sacrum—5 fused vertebrae Coccyx--Tailbone
Vertebral Column
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Figure 6.16
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4 Spinal curves Primary curves—thoracic and sacral Appear late in fetal development Secondary curves—cervical and lumbar Appear months after birth Cervical—infant can hold up their head Lumbar—child can stand
Spinal curvature
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Figure 6.16
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Kyphosis—exaggerated thoracic curvature Lordosis—exaggerated lumbar curvature Scoliosis—abnormal lateral curvature
Abnormal Spinal curves
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Vertebral body—massive, weight-bearing portion
Intervertebral disc—lies between each vertebrae
Vertebral canal—encloses spinal cord Intervertebral foramina—gaps that allow
nerves to run off
Vertebral Anatomy
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Figure 6.17a