Lecture 4 - Seaport Management.ppt

7/23/2019 Lecture 4 - Seaport Management.ppt

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SEAPORTS:SEAPORTS:

MANAGEMENT & FACILITIESMANAGEMENT & FACILITIES(Part 1)(Part 1)

Lecture 4Lecture 4



DEFINITIONDEFINITIONA seaport is an area that has a direct connectionA seaport is an area that has a direct connectionto a sea where there are facilities for berthingto a sea where there are facilities for berthingor anchoring of ships, and where there is theor anchoring of ships, and where there is theequipment for the transfer of goods from shipequipment for the transfer of goods from shipto shore and from shore to ship or from ship toto shore and from shore to ship or from ship toship.ship.

WHAT IS A ‘WHAT IS A ‘SEAPORT SEAPORT ’’ ??



SEAPORT CHARACTERISTICSSEAPORT CHARACTERISTICS

Loaded and/or unloaded activities of cargoLoaded and/or unloaded activities of cargo

Shipping, logistic and ancillary servicesShipping, logistic and ancillary services

Customs & govt. policies are implementedCustoms & govt. policies are implemented

Interface with other forms of transportInterface with other forms of transport

In some places, where industries are situatedIn some places, where industries are situated

Also point for passengers passAlso point for passengers pass

Also where free trade zones are implementedAlso where free trade zones are implemented



SEAPORT CLASSIFICATIONSEAPORT CLASSIFICATION

Based on services and commodityBased on services and commodity

Based on area coverageBased on area coverage

Based on hierarchyBased on hierarchy

Based on trade and cargo handlingBased on trade and cargo handling

Based on type of cargo/passenger/shipBased on type of cargo/passenger/ship

Based on ownership & operationBased on ownership & operation

Based on natural conditionBased on natural condition

Based on customBased on custom




Based on services/commodity:Based on services/commodity:

General portGeneral port

Specialized portsSpecialized ports

Based on area coverage:Based on area coverage:Local portLocal port

Regional portRegional port

National portNational port

International portInternational port



1.1.General Port:General Port:

Port give services to any user & any cargo.Port give services to any user & any cargo.

Range of cargo handling equipment,Range of cargo handling equipment,warehouse etc. Ex: Port Klang, Penang Port,warehouse etc. Ex: Port Klang, Penang Port,PTP etc.PTP etc.

2.2.Specialized Port:Specialized Port:

Cater single (or at least related) commodityCater single (or at least related) commoditysuch as cement, palm oil, etc.such as cement, palm oil, etc.

Advantage: Manpower & capital channeledAdvantage: Manpower & capital channeledto only specialized ships & cargoes, quickerto only specialized ships & cargoes, quickercycle time, reduce handling costs.cycle time, reduce handling costs.




Based on hierarchy:Based on hierarchy:

Collector portCollector port

Feeder portFeeder port

Hub portHub portBased on trade and cargo handling:Based on trade and cargo handling:

Domestic portDomestic port

Export-import portExport-import port

Transshipment portTransshipment port




Based on type of cargo/passenger/ship:Based on type of cargo/passenger/ship:

Container portContainer port

General cargo portGeneral cargo port

Specific cargo portSpecific cargo port

Fishing portFishing portFerry portFerry port

Cruise portCruise port

Naval portNaval port

Based on ownership and operation:Based on ownership and operation:Public portPublic port

Private portPrivate port

PPP portPPP port




Based on natural condition:Based on natural condition:Natural portNatural port

Non-natural portNon-natural port

Based on custom:Based on custom:Custom portCustom port

Free portFree port



PARTS AND FLOWS OFPARTS AND FLOWS OF

SEAPORTSEAPORT

PORTPORT TERMINALTERMINAL QUAY/WHARFQUAY/WHARF BERTHBERTH CONTAINER YARD / CARGOCONTAINER YARD / CARGOWAREHOUSEWAREHOUSE TERMINAL GATETERMINAL GATE PORTPORT

GATEGATE

PORTPORT TERMINALTERMINAL QUAY/WHARFQUAY/WHARF BERTHBERTH CONTAINER YARD / CARGOCONTAINER YARD / CARGOWAREHOUSEWAREHOUSE TRANSHIPMENTTRANSHIPMENT

PORT GATEPORT GATE TERMINAL GATETERMINAL GATE CONTAINER YARD / CARGO WAREHOUSECONTAINER YARD / CARGO WAREHOUSE QUAY/WHARFQUAY/WHARF BERTHBERTH SHIPSHIP



EXAMPLE: PORT OFEXAMPLE: PORT OF

SINGAPORESINGAPORE



1.1.Economic events in Europe, North America and AsiaEconomic events in Europe, North America and Asia Rapid industrialization & globalization has enhanced regional economicRapid industrialization & globalization has enhanced regional economic

integration.integration.

Increase import and import demand, thus port should be moreIncrease import and import demand, thus port should be moreefficiency.efficiency.

2.2.Encouragement from government & tradingEncouragement from government & trading

blocsblocs ASEAN, NAFTA, EU, WTO give high priority in developing regionalASEAN, NAFTA, EU, WTO give high priority in developing regional

economies & international links.economies & international links. Importance of port infrastructure as entry/exit point.Importance of port infrastructure as entry/exit point.

RATIONALE FOR PORTRATIONALE FOR PORT

DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT



3.3.The trend towards privatizationThe trend towards privatization

Previously most port are state owned.Previously most port are state owned.

1991, 70% private sector control port worldwide.1991, 70% private sector control port worldwide.

Better service, technology and infrastructure.Better service, technology and infrastructure.

4.4.Development of Free Trade ZoneDevelopment of Free Trade Zone

Situated close to the ports. Offers to internationalSituated close to the ports. Offers to internationaltrade a range of industrial and marketing benefits.trade a range of industrial and marketing benefits.

Enable companies to centralize the trading andEnable companies to centralize the trading and

distribution activities.distribution activities.





5.5.Importance of logistics in supply chainImportance of logistics in supply chain

Seaport form part of international distributionSeaport form part of international distributionchain.chain.

Involve JIT and multi-modalism.Involve JIT and multi-modalism.

High tech equipment & integrated IT.High tech equipment & integrated IT.





Sometimes, the people don’t need a port asSometimes, the people don’t need a port asshown in this pictureshown in this picture(Once upon a time in Denmark).(Once upon a time in Denmark).

End ofEnd ofPART 1PART 1



SEAPORTS:SEAPORTS: MANAGEMENT & FACILITIESMANAGEMENT & FACILITIES

(Part 2)(Part 2)

01/05/16



PORT DEVELOPMENTPORT DEVELOPMENT

Some justifcations about the need to the development o a port.

a R!"#$r%! a' %#!t!%*+,a"!'

Geographical reason (island to island transportation)

Strategic location

Natural characteristics (e.g. sea depth, turning basin,natural disaster, wind and tide, etc.)

Human resource (!pertise in port )

Supportive inrastructure (multimodal transportconnectivit", #$ acilities, etc.)

%apital availabilit"

Government polic" and support

.g. &ort o Singapore

01/05/16





, Mar-!t+,a"!'

'ocation (%lose to the maret, near to shipping route,etc.)

Huge maret potentials (broad hinterland, high densit"o population, demand or e!port and import, hugeshipping trac or ancillar" services, etc.)

cienc" (more ecient compared to airtransportation or e!ample)

*irst+mover advantage (to be the frst in the region todevelop a port)

.g., &ort o otterdam, &ort o Shanghai, etc.

01/05/16





% C##!rat./!+,a"!'

Good partners or strategic alliances in port

development, management and operationGood investors or join ventures in port -related

industries

Supported b" e" pla"ers in the industr" (portauthorit", port operator, shipping liner, etc.)

.g. &ort o 'aem %habang in $hailand, &$& &ort inala"sia

01/05/16





' O#rt$.t*+,a"!'

%hances over one or more event upon a time (.g.economies shit rom /S to %hina and #ndia)

%hanges in government polic" (.g. the adoption romclosed maret to open maret, dut" e!emption or e!portand import, etc.)

%ompetitors limitation (.g. ival ports 0 1ua" drat,handling capacit", shortage o urther investment, etc.)

/nserved hinterland, new technolog", new services,etc.

.g., &orts o %hina such as &ort o Shanghai2 &$&,3ubai &ort, etc.

01/05/16





! C#!t.t./!+,a"!'

%ompetitive advantage (cost leadership, di4erentiation,ocus)

5ble to o4er lowest cost compared to its competitors5ble to o4er di4erent services than its competitors can

do

*ocus onl" to a particular service or business

&erorming other justifcations at competitive advantage

esource and competenc"aret share

%ooperation 6 collaboration 6 strategic alliances

7pportunit"

.g., &ort o otterdam, &ort o Singapore, &ort o Shanghai,

etc.01/05/16



E0a! P#rt # S3a43a.: Ra- 1 .2515

01/05/16



01/05/16

R!#rt 2515




5mong a%t#r" that are believed to a6!%t thedevelopment o port.

aPr./at.7at.# #ncrease the ecienc", e4ectiveness and more competitive.

#t can be ull" or partiall" privati8ed9egulator7perator : superstructure : inrastructure ownership'and 7wnership

$he reasons o the privati8ation due to the poor perormanceo the government sector (ecienc" ; proftabilit")

&ort eorm b" the <orld =an &&& involvement.g., Nouachott &ort (auritania)2 &ort o $ure"2 &ort o

Southampton, etc.

01/05/16




, C#ta.!r.7at.#

High impact on the shit o the use o containeri8ation(%apacit", t"pe, securit", handling ecienc", and cost)

$he use o container is rapidl" increasing.

$he moderni8ed and secured container are o concerns.

>ariet" t"pes o containers that evolved over time.

% T!%3##4* $"a4!

'abor+intensive to capital intensive

$he use o #%$ e.g. 3#

3evices use at terminal port (=arcode, >, tagging technolog",and microwave technolog")

%argo handling technolog"

01/05/16




' G.at "3. Need more space and depth at berth $he la"out and the design o the port should be suited with

the si8e and re1uirement o the ship

$he development and the design o the berth basicall"ollow the si8e and re1uirement o the ship• mma aers ('ength9 ?@A m, =eam9 BC m, 3rat9DB.B m)• Enoc Nevis ('ength9 FB.FB m, =eam9 C. m, 3rat9 F.CDm)• 7asis o the Seas ('ength9 ?CI m, =eam9 CI.B m, 3rat9 @.? m• etc.

J C3a4! . tra'! att!r &ort anal"sts need to consider careull" the e4ect which the

current trend o regional co+operation in trade and industr"will have on port growth.

01/05/16



P#rt G#/!ra%! M#'!P#rt G#/!ra%! M#'! (=airdD@@B)

01/05/16

M#'!:

C##!t

'and

7wnership

egulator 7perator

1 P$r! P$,.% S!%t#r &ublic &ublic &ublic

2 P$,.%8r./at! &ublic &ublic &rivate

9 Pr./at!8$,.% &rivate &ublic &rivate

P$r! Pr./at! S!%t#r &rivate &rivate &rivate



SEAPORTS:SEAPORTS:

PORT DESIGN & LA;O<TPORT DESIGN & LA;O<T (Part 9)(Part 9)

01/05/16



PORT:

FACTORFACTORDETERMININGDETERMINING

LA;O<TLA;O<T

01/05/16



FACTORS INFLUENCING PORT

DESIGN & LAYOUT1. Legislation

Rules and laws that emphasis on control of

pollution, movement of dangerous cargo,

condition of employment, such as ISPScode, ISM code, and so forth.

Monitoring organization: Intl. Maritime

rganization !IM", Intl. #a$or rganization

!I#", %ept. of &nvironment !%&", etc.

. S!i" si#e an$ %a'ing %a"a%it'

'eed to accommodate longer and $igger

ships. %evelop longer ( deeper $erth.

01/05/16

01/05/16



(. Cago !an$ling e)*i"+ent )ype of e*uipment to $e used: cranes, vehicles, portal stac+ers,

mo$ile stac+ers, etc. Increase stringency in terms of certification ( annual eamination of

e*uipment to ensure operational safety.

,. Pot %ontol s'ste+ & %o+"*tei#ation &ssential feature in modern port management. Radar, computer system, telecommunication system, weather

forecast, tide forecast etc.

-. Site %on$itions -eographical, meteorological, oceanographical, and

geotechnicalgeophysical conditions. Regional planning.


DESIGN & LAYOUT

01/05/16



. Po/ision o0 "*"ose2*ilt 2et!s

&specially for $ul+ cargo !oil, coal, chemicals"

&tensive storage facilities for leased.


DESIGN & LAYOUT

01/05/16



In regard to the terminal layout, elements have to $econsidered including:•terminal e*uipment,

•stoc+ or yard capacity/

•use of computerized terminal management/

•customs procedures/

•gate capacity/

•roadrailinland waterway services/ and

•automation.

FACTORS INFLUENCING PORTDESIGN & LAYOUT

01/05/16



In regard to the *uayside planning area, elements have to

$e considered including:•traffic forecast

•

vessel call pattern !arrival time, type and num$er of vessels"•*uay wall layout construction and depth of water

•*uay wall throughput per year

•*uay wall throughput in pea+s

•degree of automation

•availa$ility of terminal area

•cost restrictions

•yard technology and capacity.


01/05/16



0uay e*uipment and procedures include:

!a"electronic $o tagging and continuous trac+ing in the terminal/

!$"positioning systems for stac+ing e*uipment1radiodata

radar-PS/

!c"*uay and yard gantry cranes 2 anti1sway and final positioning

devices/

!d"&%I and use of I) 2 pre1planning of stac+s for in1$ound $oes

and retrieval $oes for loading/ and

!e"*uay cranes 2 twin lift !lifting two $oes at once" and dou$le 2trolley there$y separating the vessel crane and trailer

movements.


01/05/16



)he main re*uirements to $e considered $y yard

planning on the suprastructure level are outlined in the

following:

a.*uay wall throughput per year

$.*uay wall throughput in pea+s

c.availa$le size and shape of yard area

d.container dwell times

e.handling performance of *uay cranes

f.system restrictions relating to ma. utilization

g.hinterland modal split

h.cost restrictions

i.technology alternatives to $e considered for investigation/


01/05/16



)ypical re*uirements for landside operations are the

following:•annual throughput of truc+, train, $arge containers

•volume of truc+, train, $arge containers in pea+ hours

•num$er of truc+s, trains, $arges in pea+ hours

•arrival patterns for hinterland traffic modes

•maimum handling time per vehicle

•changes in modal split

•technical restrictions for access to hinterland transportation systems


01/05/16



3 container terminal consists of at least three operational

areas:

•perational area $etween *uay wall and container yard !apron orthe area 4ust $ehind the $erth front"

•5ontainer yard !terminal storage 6 stac+ing area"

•)erminal area of landside operations !including the gate, par+ing,

office $uildings, customs facilities, container freight station with an

area for stuffing and stripping, empty container storage, container

maintenance and repair area etc."

CONTAINER PORT DESIGN &

LAYOUT

01/05/16



T!e la'o*t an$ %!oi%e o0 e)*i"+ent 0o t!e a2o/e +entione$ aeasan$ t!ei inte0a%es $e"en$ on3 a+ongst ot!es3 t!e4

•num$er of containers to $e handled,

•availa$le area and

•mode of hinterland transport.

T!e %o+2ination o0 te+inal e)*i"+ent *se$4

•at the vessel,

•for transport tas+s $etween *uay and stac+ing yard !or vice versa",

•for container stac+ing,

•for transport from stac+ing yard to and from the landside operation areaand

•for landside operation itself

is called o"eations s'ste+.

CONTAINER PORT DESIGN &

LAYOUT

01/05/16



T!e $e%ision 0o an o"eations s'ste+ $e"en$s3 inte alia3 on t!e 0ollo5ing

0a%tos4size of vesselstraffic forecast !annual container volume"container volume in pea+ hoursavaila$le land areare*uired stac+ing density of the containers per ha !configuration of stac+ing yard"

cost structure !wages, financial facilities, dues"aimed S)S productivity !i.e. )&7 crane hour" S)S is Ship1)o1Shoregeographic restrictions of the terminal areacontingent restrictions due to soil conditionsenvironmental impacts li+e wind, ice, noise, light and snowmean dwell time of containers in the stac+ing yard

)&7 factor !e.g. 8,9 implies 9; of all containers are < ft long"percentage of reefer containerspercentage of empty containers !short: M)s"percentage of #5# !Less than C ontainer Load"the connections to the hinterland transport modes road, railway and inland waterways

CONTAINER PORT DESIGN &LAYOUT

01/05/16



T!e usual e)*i"+ent to fulfill the tas+s in the functional terminal areas

are4

*uay cranes at the vessel S)S 5rane

conventional *uay crane

mo$ile har$or crane

for container transfer !horizontal transport":S5 !ma. stac+ing capa$ility: 81over1=1high" S5 is Straddle 5arrier

reachstac+er

terminal tractor with trailer !so1called T ractor1T railer U nit !))7""

multi1trailer !terminal tractors with several trailers"

emptyloaded container handler

Shuttle C arrier !Sh5 stac+ing capa$ility: 81over181high"

Automated Guided V ehicles !3->"

automated S5 !ma. stac+ing capa$ility: 81over1?1high"


01/05/16



Contin*e6.

for container transport and stac+ing within the yard: S5 !Straddle 5arrier"

R u$$er1T yred Gantry crane !R)- crane"

R ail1M ounted Gantry crane !RM- crane"

container handler !li+e reachstac+er or top lifter"

Over H ead Bridge crane !@A crane"

Bor the landside operation:S5

R)- 5rane

RM- 5rane

Reachstac+er

))7

at the inland navigation vessel: S)S 5rane conventional *uay crane

mo$ile har$or crane


01/05/16



Relationships of the different planning tas+s: layout planning, e*uipment selection as well asyard, landside and seaside capacity planning

01/05/16



Straddle 5arrier !S5" peration:

a.5ontainer transport and stac+ing

$.#oading unloading of rail cars


01/05/16



RM- 5rane with ))7s and 3utomated -uided >ehicles !3->s"


01/05/16



Aattery powered 3->: design concept and prototype !May ?C"

CONTAINER PORT DESIGN &LAYOUT4

AUTOMATION

01/05/16



3->s in the waitingholding area at the @@#3 5ontainer )erminal 3ltenwerder

AUTOMATION

01/05/16



Shuttle 5arrier ( Reachsta+er

01/05/16



3utomated Stac+ing 5rane !3S5"


01/05/16



3S5 $loc+s ( 3-> at the @@#3 5ontainer )erminal 3ltenwerder


01/05/16



R*22eT'e$ Gant' 7RTG8 Canes

a" %iesel electric R)- crane,

$" Dard tractor with trailer 2 container handover in an R)- $loc+


01/05/16



RailMo*nte$ Gant' 7RMG8 & R*22eT'e$ Gant' 7RTG8 Canes


01/05/16 3rea utilization of some parallel interchange stac+ing concepts



01/05/16 3rea utilization of some front1end interchange stac+ing concepts



01/05/16



Parallel Interchange

01/05/16



Bront1end Interchange

01/05/16



Bront1end interchange concepts with rising area utilization !from 3 to 5"

01/05/16



Vessels se/e$ si+*ltaneo*sl' at a %ontin*o*s )*a'

9et! an$ )*a' elations!i"9et! an$ )*a' elations!i"

01/05/16



5ross section of a *uay crane portal !with -, Out of gauge cargo"

01/05/16



OOG CagoOOG Cago7o*t o0 ga*ge87o*t o0 ga*ge8

01/05/16



01/05/16



9ERT: ; <:ARF

o 3 location in a port where a vessel can $e mooredoften indicated $y a code or name.

o 3 place for $erthing vessels to facilitate loading and

discharging of cargo.

o More $erth 6 no delays for ships. Aut, higher operating

cost for port operators.

o &ach $erth perform different function.

o &amples:

o Autterworth Eharfs 2 Area+ $ul+ cargo

o Fuantan Aerth 2 chemical li*uid

01/05/16



TYPES OF 9ERT:

1. Col$ Stoage Te+inalperate in con4unction with development of refrigerated

container or purpose1$uilt refrigerated vessels.

&specially in hot climate country. &: 3 $erth in Fuwait

with ? cold rooms ( capacity of = m= of product .

. Containe 9et!s

Re*uire latest, huge ( sophisticated e*uipment.

@ave container par+ for storage of pre1shipment anddischarged containers.

01/05/16



TYPES OF 9ERT:

(. 9*l= D'an$5et Cago 9et!@andle $oth agricultural, mineral ( li*uid products.

-iant tan+s for handling of oil, vegeta$le oil, soya,

maize.

Pipelines lin+ the storage tan+s with $erth.

5onveyer system for loading ( unloading of dry $ul+.

,. 9*l= Li)*i$ 9et!s

Specialized $erth to handle one particular $ul+ li*uid.

Provide handling and storage facilities.

5argo transferred from tan+er $erth to $ul+ storage

tan+ via stainless steel pipeline.

01/05/16



Di00eent T'"es o0 9et!

01/05/16



TYPES OF 9ERT:

-. Fe' 9et!s;Ra+"sffer services for conveying cars, coaches, roadhaulage vehicles and passenger.

. RoRo 2et!s

5ar ferries, specialist vehicle carriers. 3lso for loading ( unloading $y for+ lift truc+.

>. La'*" 9et!sBor the purpose of accommodating a vessel which is

waiting to repair or laid1up for the net voyage.

?. Maine oil 2et!s'ormally situated in an isolated part of the port forsafety ( environmental reasons.

&: P% ( Mela+a. #ocated close to Petronas refinery.

01/05/16



@. Con/entional 9ea= 9*l= Geneal Cago9et!

>ery la$or intensive to handle cargo movement.

3nyway, use of mechanical e*uipment ( palletized

cargo can help speed up process.

1. 9*l= D' Cago 9et!Bor particular or a range of dry cargo products !grainand mineral products".

@ave silos for temporary storage of agriculturalproduct.

5overed concrete $ins for storage of minerals!cements, clays, etc."

TYPES OF 9ERT:

01/05/16



FACTORS DETERMINING 9ERT:

LAYOUT

-eneral cargo ( $ul+ cargo $erth.

• Most of these factors effect $oth:

i. )ype and size of shipsvessels

ii.)ype ( volume of cargo

%angerous cargo needs isolated $erth ( special

precautions

3vaila$ility of land ( future

• developmentepansion

• land reclamation, depth of water

01/05/16




LAYOUT verland transportation system

3vaila$ility of eisting transportation, distance

fromto inland cargo source.

)otal cost of pro4ect.

proper evaluation to operate $erth on a profit

$asis

5argo handling e*uipment used ( degree of la$orneeded

5urrent re*uirement ( future technology

changes

01/05/16




LAYOUT

5limatic 5ondition

• %etermining right angle of $erth $efore deciding

3ccess to ( from port $y vessels

5apital Investment 3vaila$le

• Aan+ #oan !Aan+ Pem$angunan", -overnment

loan, port authority reserves.

5ompetition with other ports.• ma+e sure the layout and facilities are glo$ally

accepted

01/05/16



MAIN FUNCTIONS AND FEATURES

OF A PORT

1. Ci/il engineeing 0eat*es Sea and land access

Infrastructure for ship $erthing

Road and rail networ+ Industrial area management

. O"eational 0*n%tion

Pilotage, tugging and mooring activities 7se of $erths, shed, etc

#oading and discharging, storage and distri$ution of cargo

01/05/16



MAIN FUNCTIONS AND FEATURES

OF A PORT(. A$+inistati/e 0*n%tions

5ontrol of vehicle, all modes, entering and leaving the port

&nvironmental control

5ontrol of dangerous cargo

Safety and security within the port area

Immigration, health, customs and commercial documentary

control

01/05/16



MAIN FACILITIES AND SERVICES

PROVIDED 9Y A PORT

SERVICES & FACILITIESFOR S:IP

3rrival and departure

'avigation aids and >)S 3pproach channel Pilotage, tugs, and mooring

gangs #oc+s !if tidal"

SERVICES & FACILITIESFOR CARGO

Aasic

5argo handling on ship and on*uay )ransport tofrom storage storage.warehousing )allying, mar+eting, weighing,

surveying

Surveillance, protection, sanitarymeasures

%angerous cargo segregation 5ustoms and documentary

control Receiving and delivery

01/05/16



MAIN FACILITIES AND SERVICES

PROVIDED 9Y A PORT

ADMINISTRATIVEFORMALITIES

Police, immigration, customs,healthSuppliers, water, $un+ers)elephone, repairs, medical,

waste disposalPort state control

ADDITIONAL BADDEDVALUE SERVICES

repac+aging, la$elling,sorting, assem$lingcleaning and preparingcargo

setting up a logisticnetwor+setting up a mar+etingpac+age



FLOATING TERMINAL4 USTIFICATIONFLOATING TERMINAL4 USTIFICATION

the growth o the globalseaborne trade

to eep pace with the need

or increased shipmentsi8es and aster and moreecient cargo handling

operations to overcome e!isting port

inade1uacies or portlimitations

01/05/16



=$- Car4#=$- Car4#: Fr# ..4 ".t! t#: Fr# ..4 ".t! t#

>#at.4 t!r.a>#at.4 t!r.a

01/05/16



PORT SELECTION CRITERIAPORT SELECTION CRITERIA

1 L#%at.# # #rt

Ee" actor.

Seaport located on a trade route and shipping lane hasadvantages.

%ould reduce costs and vo"age time

2 S3. "!%.%at.#

=igger vessels need bigger port

&ort could accommodate the length, beam, drat andcapacities o a vessel.

*acilities and e1uipment available.

01/05/16



9 E@%.!%* a%t#r"

7perational ecienc" such as $/s handled per hourand customs clearance period.

$urnaround time and level o trac which could enter

and depart rom port.

eputation9 'ess disputes record.

O!rat.4 %#"t"

&ort tari4 structure.

%argo loading and unloading charges and ancillar"charges e.g. warehousing charges, uel and watercharges, #nsurance, and e1uipment costs.

01/05/16




C#"! %#ta%t"

&ort authorit", shipping agents, orwarders, tradeassociation, inland transport and warehousing operators.

B T3! '!4r!! # t!%3##4*&resent o modern technolog".

%omputeri8ation and electronic data interchange

eliable weather prediction s"stem, saet".

E/.r#!t

&olitical, legal and economic stabilit".

Securit" conditions.

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S$#rt "*"t! a' .ra"tr$%t$r!Ship repair and service acilities, container cleansing,taner cleaning and cargo handling e1uipment.

Tra'! %!t!r&ort close to *$K, 3istripar, and other industrial pars.

15 L!/! # tra@% at P#rt

%ongestion, bus", long 1ueue

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11 T3! r#ta,..t* t3! "3.+#!r .4!!rat! r# t3! #rt

7verall cost at a port

12 N$!r#$" !@%.!%* a%t#r" !0."t 3!$'!rta-.4 a %#ar."# # #rt"

7verall ecienc" at a port

19 C#!t.t.#%ost leadership, di4erentiation, and ocus

1 P!r.3!ra r!"#$r%!" .t3. t3! #rt ar!".4.%at a' t3!.r r.%.4

*uel, water, hotel accommodation, crew shopping, tourismspot, etc.

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1 T3! $a.t* # #rt aa4!!tGood governance, 1ualit" s"stem, 1ualit" labors, 1ualit"e1uipment and acilities

1B I#/at.# ." a -!* a%t#r . "$%%!""$#rt aa4!!t

%onventional vs. contemporar"

1C#.a%! .t3 MARPOL+IMO+ISPS %#'!"&ollution awareness

Ship and &ort *acilit" Securit" awareness

1 T3! /a$! a''!' ,!!t" #6!r!' t# "3.+#!r8%arr.!r"

1 Car4# D!"t.at.# C#tra%t (TraS!r/.%!)

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C:ALLENGES TO PORT OPERATORSC:ALLENGES TO PORT OPERATORS

1 I%r!a"! . ".7! a' "!!' # a "3.Ship design determines the inrastructure ;la"out o ports.

/pgrade berth length ; depth to accommodate

bigger vessels./pgrade terminal acilities to suit with vesselre1uirements

2 M$t.+#'a."

e1uire ecient terminal acilities ; integrationwith road ; rail access that interaced withports.

Support activities - reight orwarding, agents,warehouse, haulers.

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9 C#ta.!r.7at.#

%argo throughput at modern berth is up to Ctimes greater compared with a decade ago.

#ncrease in cargo transported via container.($he incoming D,III $/ containership)

#nrastructure to accommodate ast handling o

container. (anual vs. 5utomatic2 New Handling $echnolog" or Notion)

'iting apparatus, container stacing areas,railwa" wagons or road haulage.

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I#rat.# & %#$.%at.#t!%3##4*

#mportance o 3# in port operation.

*or aster speed o cargo handling ;greater accurac".

liminate e!change o hard cop"documentation at terminal.

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P#rt Stat! C#tr#P#rt Stat! C#tr#

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P#rt Stat! C#tr# (PSC) is the inspection o oreignships in national ports to veri" that the condition othe ship and its e1uipment compl" with there1uirements o international regulations and that the

ship is manned and operated in compliance withthese rules.

/nder &ort State %ontrol (&S%), inspection o ships inport would be taen b" &ort State %ontrol 7cer

(&S%7). 3etention o the ship is the last course o action that a

&S%7 would tae upon fnding defciencies aboard thevessel.

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::LA::LA Containe Te+inal Alten5e$e Containe Te+inal Alten5e$e

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END OF THE TOPICEND OF THE TOPIC

Lecture 4 - Seaport Management.ppt

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Transcript of Lecture 4 - Seaport Management.ppt