Lecture 3c- 23 Jan. 2015 CARBOHYDRATES III. Overview of lecture 3c Carbohydrate content of foods...
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Transcript of Lecture 3c- 23 Jan. 2015 CARBOHYDRATES III. Overview of lecture 3c Carbohydrate content of foods...
Overview of lecture 3c
Carbohydrate content of foods -impact of diet on health and disease
Functional foods in the management of health and disease
Nutraceuticals in the management of health and disease
Next lecture-fibre -carbohydrates in health and disease
-WHATS NEW IN CARBOHYDRATERESEARCH
INTRODUCTION
Different “regular” foods have differing levels of a variety of carbohydrates-can affect bodily function
Functional foods can manage carbohydrates in the body and can affect bodily function
Nutraceuticals can manage carbohydrates in the body and can affect bodily function
Foods
Glycaemic index
grains (includes breads and pastas)
breads -wheat higher than rye
pastas - lower than breads
rice and pasta about the same as each other
Foods continued-glycaemic index continued Vegetables and fruits on average
Glycemic index
potato > yam
legumes > root veggies
fruits ~ legumes
Foods continued
Glycemic index continued
milk products ~ fruits on average
why? lactose=fructose in glycemic index
Functional foods
Health Canada definition
A functional food is similar in appearance to, or may be, a conventional food that is consumed as part of a usual diet, and is demonstrated to have physiological benefits and/or reduce the risk of chronic disease beyond basic nutritional functions, i.e. they contain bioactive compound.
Functional food examples
•http://www.foodfacts.com/NutritionFacts/Bread-and-Flour-Products/Presidents-Choice-Blue-Menu-Multigrain-Flax-Loaf-Bread--oz/37196
•http://www.countryharvest.com/en/product/sunflower-flax-breads/
Nutraceuticals
Health Canada definition
A nutraceutical is a product isolated or purified from foods that is generally sold in medicinal forms not usually associated with foods. A nutraceutical is demonstrated to have a physiological benefit or provide protection against chronic disease.
Nutraceutical examples
fish oil flax lignan complex flax oilcanola oilevening primrose oilhemp oilchondroitin sulphateglucosamine
Flax lignan complex
Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside molecule metabolites decrease blood plasma glucose concentrations perhaps via insulin sensitivity increase?
Evening primrose oil
-omega 6 fatty acids
-reduces glucose impact on nerves in diabetes (improves nerve transmission speed)
Hemp oil
•mix of omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids
•speculation-effects as above with omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids