Information Systems

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Inam Ul-Haq

Lecturer Computer Science

MS Computer Science Sweden

organizer@dfd-charity.com, inam@ue.edu.pk

Information Systems

• Why Do People Need Information?

• Individuals - Entertainment and Enlightenment

• Businesses - Decision making, Problem Solving and Control

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Information Systems• Data vs. Information

• Data• A “given,” fact; a number, a statement, or a picture

• The raw materials in the production of information

• Information• Data that have meaning within a context, data after process

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Data, Information, and Systems

• Data Processing = Information

• Example: Customer Survey• Reading through data collected from a customer survey with

questions in various categories would be time-consuming and not very helpful.

• When processed, the surveys may provide useful information.

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Data, Information, and Systems

• Generating Information• Computer-based ISs take data as raw material, process it, and

produce information as output. (Definition of Computer)

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5Input-process-output

Information Systems• What Is a System?• System: A set of Components that work together to achieve a

common Goal• Subsystem: One part of a system where the products of more

than one system are combined to reach an ultimate goal• Closed System: Stand-alone system that has no contact with

other systems• Open System: System that interfaces with other systems

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Information Systems

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7Several subsystems make up this corporate accounting system.

Information Systems

• Information and Managers

• Systems thinking• Creates a framework(software) for Problem Solving and

Decision Making.• Keeps managers focused on overall goals and operations of

business.• History: emerged in 20th century• DefinitionInformation system (IS) is the study of complementary networks

of hardware and software (IT) that people and organizations use to collect, process, filter, create, and distribute data.

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Information Systems

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9Qualities of humans and computers that contribute to synergy

Why Study IS?• Information Systems Careers• Systems analyst, specialist in enterprise resource planning (ERP),

database administrator, telecommunications specialist, consulting, etc.

• Knowledge Workers• Managers and non-managers• Employers seek computer-literate professionals who know how to use

information technology.

• Computer Literacy Replacing Traditional Literacy• Key to full participation in western society

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Types of Information Systems• Transaction processing System (TPS)• Knowledge Management System (KMS)• Learning Management Systems (LMS)• Database Management System (DBMS)• Office Information Systems (OIS)

• Management Information System (MIS)

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Information SystemBasic Components (For computer-based IS)

An IS using computer technology to carry out some or all of its planned tasks.

•Hardware- these are the devices like the monitor, processor, printer and keyboard, all of which work together to accept, process, show data and information.

•Software- are the programs that allow the hardware to process the data.

•Databases- are the gathering of associated files or tables containing related data.

•Networks- are a connecting system that allows diverse computers to distribute resources.

•Procedures- are the commands for combining the components above to process information and produce the preferred output.

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