Lecture 19 Semi Classical 2-level system (Light-Atom interaction): Rabi & Bloch; atom, QD & NMR
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Transcript of Lecture 19 Semi Classical 2-level system (Light-Atom interaction): Rabi & Bloch; atom, QD & NMR
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 1
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Lecture 19Semi Classical 2-level system (Light-Atom
interaction): Rabi & Bloch; atom, QD & NMR
Reminder: •Lecture notes taker: Nick G•HWK4 due today
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 2
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Lectures Topics Lecture 1 (1/13) Overview (FQ1+) Lecture 2 (1/15) Review Classical Optics (FQ2; FS1-2) No Class on 1/20 Monday (MLK day) Lecture 3 (1/22) Review Quantum Mechanics, birth of photons (FQ3+) Lecture 4 (1/27) Quantum Information, cryptography & communication (FQ12) Lecture 5 (1/29) Radiative Transitions in Atoms & Molecules (FQ4; FS8.2) Lecture 6 (2/03) Radiative/Inter-band transition in solids (FS3, FS7.3.2) Lecture 7 (2/05) Masers & Lasers: CW, pulsed, frequency comb, Xasers Lecture 8 (2/10) Photon Statistics (FQ5) Lecture 9 (2/12) Photon Correlation (FQ6), extension to other (quasi)particles Lecture 10 (2/17) Coherent, Squeezed & Number states (FQ7,8) Lecture 11 (2/19) Resonant Light-atom interaction, density matrices, Rabi oscillation (FQ9) Lecture 12 (2/24) Solid state quantum structures: wells, wires and dots (FS6) Lecture 13 (2/26) Laser cooling of atoms & solids (FQ11+) Lecture 14 (3/03) Cold atoms & atom optics, atom lasers (given by TA R. Niffenegger) Lecture 15 (3/05) TBD (Special topics/APS/coherent control) Lecture 16 (3/10) Excitons and Polaritons (FS4+) Lecture 17 (3/12) Luminescence, Luminescence/NV centers & quantum emitters (FS5,9+) No classes on 3/17 & 3/19 (Spring Break) Lecture 18 (3/24) EIT, slow light (Agarwal) & coherent control Lecture 19 (3/26) Quantum entanglement, memory & teleportation (FQ14) Lecture 20 (3/31) Atoms in cavities, Jaynes-Cummings model (FQ10) Lecture 21 (4/02) Cavity QED/circuit QED, optomechanics Lecture 22 (4/07) Quantum Computing, photon based QC (FQ13+) Lecture 23 (4/09) Quantum Computing systems: ions, Rydberg atoms, molecules Lecture 24 (4/14) Quantum Computing systems: superconductor/cQED, quantum dots, NMR Lecture 25 (4/16) Photonics with nanomaterials: CNT, graphene & 2D materials (FS8+) Lecture 26 (4/21) Phonons/Vibrons and Raman spectroscopy, CARS (FS10) Lecture 27 (4/23) Special topics: Quantum Sensing & Photodetectors, applications Lecture 28 (4/28) Special topics: Optically synthetic gauge fields/topological/quantum
matter, quantum emulation, student presentations Lecture 29 (4/30) Special topics: Casimir, (quantum) plasmonics etc. student presentations Final Exam on (TBD)
Course OutlinePart 1: basic review:Optics+Quantum;
Part 2: Basic Light-matter interaction; laser;
Part 3: Quantum Optics of photons
Part 4: More advanced light-matter interaction
Part 5: Quantum information/photonics/applications
Subject to change;Check updates on course web/wiki
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 3
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Today’s Plan• Review 2-level system (Schordinger eq,
Rabi, Bloch)
[FQ Chap 9; Blasing lecture 12]• Application to NMR
[FQ Appendix E]• NMR/spin picture to understand 2-level
system (Schordinger eq, Rabi etc) in Pauli matrices [after rotating frame transformation]
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 4
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 5
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 6
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Dipole transition
TDSE in c1,c2:
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 7
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Weak Field Limit/Einstein Coefficients
1~ ~0
RWA
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 8
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Arbitrary/Strong Field –Rabi Flopresonant TDSE with RWA
(resonant Rabi osci/flop)
Non-resonant Rabi oscillation (reduced amplitude)
(non-resonant Rabi frequency)
|c1|2=1-|c2|2
[not able to completely flop/drive to excited state]
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 9
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Damped Rabi oscillation
(resonant & moderate damping [cf.Loudon])
Large t behavior:
(small )
Connects to weak field/Einstein
~t (small t)
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 10
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
2-level (Rabi) on Bloch Sphere
(“pulse area”/rotation angle)1-qubit operation
•“pi-pulse”•“pi/2-pulse”
02
i te (“rotating frame”)
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 11
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Experimental optical 2-level Rabi
(Mollow triplet)
Atom
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 12
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Experimental optical 2-level Rabi
Quantum Dot (artificial atom)
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 13
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Experimental optical 2-level Rabi
Quantum Dot (artificial atom)
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 14
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
(L~ )
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 15
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Larmor Precession
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 16
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
(NMR) Rotating Frame
(Rabi oscillation)
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 17
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
(NMR) Bloch Equation
Optical analogue: optical Bloch equation
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 18
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Pauli Matrices (spin-1/2)
Bx
By
Bz
Simplest way to understand 2-level TDSE (after rotating frame)
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 19
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Dressed State
• Adiabatic passage• (Landau Zener transition)
Read Chap 5 in Steck book: http://atomoptics.uoregon.edu/~dsteck/teaching/quantum-optics/
Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen ([email protected]) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 20
Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics
PHYS522 ECE695
(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/
Experimental optical 2-level Rabi
(Mollow triplet)
Atom