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General Comments:

- No matter how well the design team thinks it understands a problem,it should employ the QFD technique for all mechanical designprojects, because in the process the team will learn what it doesn'tknowabout the problem.

The customer's requirements must be translated into measurabledesign targets before a large amount of time and resources areinvested in the design effort.

It is important to first consider what needs to be designed and, onlyafter that is fully understood, to worry about how the design will lookand work.

It helps avoiding intuitive approach to design where product aredesigned because designers think it is a neat thing to design

QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT (QFD)

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QFD is one of many tool presently used in the quality systems worldwide

QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT (QFD)

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Quality product

Works as it should

Last a long time

Easy to maintain

Characteristics of quality

Performance

Features

Reliability

Durability

Serviceability

Conformance to conventions/standards

Aesthetics

Perceived quality/reputation of manufacturer

QUALITY PRODUCT

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5Lecture 03 2007 09 12

SHRUB PROTECTOR

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We want to develop a new product: something that will protect shrubs from being eaten

by bunnies, groundhogs etc.

We use the QFD technique to link customer requirements with engineering specifications.

Design Need Products that

Meet Need

Paths of the Design Process

We are here

SHRUB PROTECTOR

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7/297Lecture 03 2007 09 12

1. Identify the customers: Who are they?

2. Determine the customers' requirements: What do the customers want?

3. Determine relative importance of the requirements: Who versus what

4. Generate engineering specifications: How will the customers' requirements be met?

5. Relate customers , requirements to engineering specifications: Hows measure whats?

6. Identify relationships between engineering requirements: How are the "hows" dependent oneach other?

7. Identify and evaluate the competition: How satisfied is the customer now?

8. Set engineering targets: How much is good enough?

House owners,

SHRUB PROTECTOR

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8/298Lecture 03 2007 09 12

1. Identify the customers: Who are they?

2. Determine the customers' requirements: What do the customers want?

3. Determine relative importance of the requirements: Who versus what

4. Generate engineering specifications: How will the customers' requirements be met?

5. Relate customers , requirements to engineering specifications: Hows measure whats?

6. Identify relationships between engineering requirements: How are the "hows" dependent on

each other?

7. Identify and evaluate the competition: How satisfied is the customer now?

8. Set engineering targets: How much is good enough?

Effective in protecting shrubs

Easy to install

Inexpensive

Looks good

Long lasting

Adjustable to size

SHRUB PROTECTOR

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1. Identify the customers: Who are they?

2. Determine the customers' requirements: What do the customers want?

3. Determine relative importance of the requirements: Who versus what

4. Generate engineering specifications: How will the customers' requirements be met?

5. Relate customers , requirements to engineering specifications: Hows measure whats?

6. Identify relationships between engineering requirements: How are the "hows" dependent oneach other?

7. Identify and evaluate the competition: How satisfied is the customer now?

8. Set engineering targets: How much is good enough?

Effective in protecting shrubs 5

Looks good 2Long lasting 1

Easy to install 4

Inexpensive 3

Adjustable to size 3

5 very important,

4 important3 somewhat important

2 - minimally important

1 not that important

SHRUB PROTECTOR

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1. Identify the customers: Who are they?

2. Determine the customers' requirements: What do the customers want?

3. Determine relative importance of the requirements: Who versus what

4. Generate engineering specifications: How will the customers' requirements be met?

5. Relate customers , requirements to engineering specifications: Hows measure whats?

6. Identify relationships between engineering requirements: How are the "hows" dependent oneach other?

7. Identify and evaluate the competition: How satisfied is the customer now?

8. Set engineering targets: How much is good enough?

Size

Strength of material

Weight

Oxidation resistance

# of sections

SHRUB PROTECTOR

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1. Identify the customers: Who are they?

2. Determine the customers' requirements: What do the customers want?

3. Determine relative importance of the requirements: Who versus what

4. Generate engineering specifications: How will the customers' requirements be met?

5. Relate customers , requirements to engineering specifications: Hows measure whats?

6. Identify relationships between engineering requirements: How are the "hows" dependent on

each other?

7. Identify and evaluate the competition: How satisfied is the customer now?

8. Set engineering targets: How much is good enough?

SHRUB PROTECTOR

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SHRUB PROTECTOR

5

5

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1. Identify the customers: Who are they?

2. Determine the customers' requirements: What do the customers want?

3. Determine relative importance of the requirements: Who versus what

4. Generate engineering specifications: How will the customers' requirements be met?

5. Relate customers , requirements to engineering specifications: Hows measure whats?

6. Identify relationships between engineering requirements: How are the "hows" dependent oneach other?

7. Identify and evaluate the competition: How satisfied is the customer now?

8. Set engineering targets: How much is good enough?

SHRUB PROTECTOR

?

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14Lecture 03 2007 09 12

1. Identify the customers: Who are they?

2. Determine the customers' requirements: What do the customers want?

3. Determine relative importance of the requirements: Who versus what

4. Generate engineering specifications: How will the customers' requirements be met?

5. Relate customers , requirements to engineering specifications: Hows measure whats?

6. Identify relationships between engineering requirements: How are the "hows" dependent oneach other?

7. Identify and evaluate the competition: How satisfied is the customer now?

8. Set engineering targets: How much is good enough?

The eight basic steps in the Quality Function Deployment technique are:

SHRUB PROTECTOR

?

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SHRUB PROTECTOR

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BBQ LIGHTER IN CLASS EXERCISE

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CRAMPONS

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1. Identify the customers: Who are they?

2. Determine the customers' requirements: What do the customers want?

3. Determine relative importance of the requirements: Who versus what

4. Generate engineering specifications: How will the customers' requirements be met?

5. Relate customers , requirements to engineering specifications: Hows measure whats?

6. Identify relationships between engineering requirements: How are the "hows" dependent oneach other?

7. Identify and evaluate the competition: How satisfied is the customer now?

8. Set engineering targets: How much is good enough?

Trekkers who occasionally need to cross a glacier or a snow field.

CRAMPONS STEP 1

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1. Identify the customers: Who are they?

2. Determine the customers' requirements: What do the customers want?

3. Determine relative importance of the requirements: Who versus what4. Generate engineering specifications: How will the customers' requirements be met?

5. Relate customers , requirements to engineering specifications: Hows measure whats?

6. Identify relationships between engineering requirements: How are the "hows" dependent oneach other?

7. Identify and evaluate the competition: How satisfied is the customer now?8. Set engineering targets: How much is good enough?

Ability to walk on ice and hard snow

Ability to climb on ice but no hard core climbing

LightweightEasy to attach

Stays on firmly

Easy to detach

Snow wont stick

Use with normal boots

CRAMPONS STEP 2

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1. Identify the customers: Who are they?

2. Determine the customers' requirements: What do the customers want?

3. Determine relative importance of the requirements: Who versus what4. Generate engineering specifications: How will the customers' requirements be met?

5. Relate customers , requirements to engineering specifications: Hows measure whats?

6. Identify relationships between engineering requirements: How are the "hows" dependent oneach other?

7. Identify and evaluate the competition: How satisfied is the customer now?8. Set engineering targets: How much is good enough?

5 very important,

4 important

3 somewhat important

2 - minimally important

1 not that important

Ability to walk on ice and hard snow 5

Ability to climb on ice but no hard core climbing 2

Lightweight 3

Easy to attach 3

Stays on firmly 5

Easy to detach 2

Snow wont stick 4

Use with normal boots any size 5

CRAMPONS STEP 3

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1. Identify the customers: Who are they?

2. Determine the customers' requirements: What do the customers want?

3. Determine relative importance of the requirements: Who versus what4. Generate engineering specifications: How will the customers' requirements be met?

5. Relate customers , requirements to engineering specifications: Hows measure whats?

6. Identify relationships between engineering requirements: How are the "hows" dependent oneach other?

7. Identify and evaluate the competition: How satisfied is the customer now?8. Set engineering targets: How much is good enough?

Walk on ice, snow

Easy climb

Lightweight

Easy to attach

Stays on firmly

Easy to detach

Snow wont stick

Normal boots

CRAMPONS STEP 3

5

2

3

3

5

5

4

5

Low maintenance 3

Customer

requirements andtheir relative

importance

1 - 5

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1. Identify the customers: Who are they?

2. Determine the customers' requirements: What do the customers want?

3. Determine relative importance of the requirements: Who versus what4. Generate engineering specifications: How will the customers' requirements be met?

5. Relate customers , requirements to engineering specifications: Hows measure whats?

6. Identify relationships between engineering requirements: How are the "hows" dependent oneach other?

7. Identify and evaluate the competition: How satisfied is the customer now?8. Set engineering targets: How much is good enough?

CRAMPONS STEP 4

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1. Identify the customers: Who are they?

2. Determine the customers' requirements: What do the customers want?

3. Determine relative importance of the requirements: Who versus what4. Generate engineering specifications: How will the customers' requirements be met?

5. Relate customers , requirements to engineering specifications: Hows measure whats?

6. Identify relationships between engineering requirements: How are the "hows" dependent oneach other?

7. Identify and evaluate the competition: How satisfied is the customer now?8. Set engineering targets: How much is good enough?

Walk on ice, snow

Easy climb

Lightweight

Easy to attach

Stays on firmly

Easy to detach

Snow wont stick

Normal boots

Material

#ofspikesfront.

#ofstraps

Timetoattach

Forcetodislodge

CRAMPONS STEP 4

5

2

3

3

5

5

4

5

#ofspikesrear.

Timetodetach

Low maintenance 3

Finish

Materialno

stickplates

Engineering

specifications

Customer

requirements and

their relative

importance

1 - 5

Notes:

Material is material density

as % of steel

Material of no stick plates is

coefficient of friction with

snow

Days: # of days in saltspray to first damage

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24Lecture 03 2007 09 12

1. Identify the customers: Who are they?

2. Determine the customers' requirements: What do the customers want?

3. Determine relative importance of the requirements: Who versus what4. Generate engineering specifications: How will the customers' requirements be met?

5. Relate customers , requirements to engineering specifications: Hows measure whats?

6. Identify relationships between engineering requirements: How are the "hows" dependent oneach other?

7. Identify and evaluate the competition: How satisfied is the customer now?8. Set engineering targets: How much is good enough?

CRAMPONS STEP 5

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1. Identify the customers: Who are they?

2. Determine the customers' requirements: What do the customers want?

3. Determine relative importance of the requirements: Who versus what4. Generate engineering specifications: How will the customers' requirements be met?

5. Relate customers , requirements to engineering specifications: Hows measure whats?

6. Identify relationships between engineering requirements: How are the "hows" dependent oneach other?

7. Identify and evaluate the competition: How satisfied is the customer now?8. Set engineering targets: How much is good enough?

Walk on ice, snow

Easy climb

Lightweight

Easy to attach

Stays on firmly

Easy to detach

Snow wont stick

Normal boots

Material

#ofspikesfront.

#ofstraps

Timetoattach

CRAMPONS STEP 5

5

2

3

3

5

5

4

5

#ofspikesrear.

Timetodetach

Low maintenance 3

Finish

Materialno

stickplates

7

9 9

9

5

5

9

9

7

7 7

7 7

Relations

between

customer

requirements and

engineeringspecifications

Forcetodislodge

UNITS % days s s N

ABSOLUTE IMPORTANCE 27 41 27 120 56 56 36363

7% 11% 7% 33% 15% 15% 9%RELATIVE IMPORTANCE

Relative importance of

engineering specifications

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26Lecture 03 2007 09 12

1. Identify the customers: Who are they?

2. Determine the customers' requirements: What do the customers want?

3. Determine relative importance of the requirements: Who versus what4. Generate engineering specifications: How will the customers' requirements be met?

5. Relate customers , requirements to engineering specifications: Hows measure whats?

6. Identify relationships between engineering requirements: How are the "hows" dependent oneach other?

7. Identify and evaluate the competition: How satisfied is the customer now?8. Set engineering targets: How much is good enough?

CRAMPONS STEP 6

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1. Identify the customers: Who are they?

2. Determine the customers' requirements: What do the customers want?

3. Determine relative importance of the requirements: Who versus what4. Generate engineering specifications: How will the customers' requirements be met?

5. Relate customers , requirements to engineering specifications: Hows measure whats?

6. Identify relationships between engineering requirements: How are the "hows" dependent oneach other?

7. Identify and evaluate the competition: How satisfied is the customer now?8. Set engineering targets: How much is good enough?

Walk on ice, snow

Easy climb

Lightweight

Easy to attach

Stays on firmly

Easy to detach

Snow wont stick

Normal boots

Material

#ofspikesfront.

#ofstraps

Timetoattach

Forcetodislodge

CRAMPONS STEP 6

5

2

3

3

5

5

4

5

#ofspikesrear.

Timetodetach

Low maintenance 3

Finish

Materialno

stickplates

7

9 9

9

5

5

9

9

7

7 7

7 7

3

5

Relations between

engineering

specifications

UNITS % days s s N

ABSOLUTE IMPORTANCE 27 41 27 120 56 56 36363

7% 11% 7% 33% 15% 15% 9%RELATIVE IMPORTANCE

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28Lecture 03 2007 09 12

1. Identify the customers: Who are they?

2. Determine the customers' requirements: What do the customers want?

3. Determine relative importance of the requirements: Who versus what

4. Generate engineering specifications: How will the customers' requirements be met?

5. Relate customers , requirements to engineering specifications: Hows measure whats?

6. Identify relationships between engineering requirements: How are the "hows" dependent on

each other?

7. Identify and evaluate the competition: How satisfied is the customer now?

8. Set engineering targets: How much is good enough?

CRAMPONS STEP 7

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DESIGN INFLUENCE ON PRODUCT COST

Specification

Development

% of product

cost

committed

Conceptual

Design

Detailed Product

Design

Time

100

60

0

20

40

80

Having completed the design specification phase we

have already committed 40% of product cost!