Lec 15: AMINO ACID CATABOLISM
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Transcript of Lec 15: AMINO ACID CATABOLISM
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rh
Lecture 14 Slides
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Glycogen: the glucose buffer…
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Glycogen granules
~ 1600 glucose monomers per granule
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fig 7-14
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Glycogen in real life…
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How is glycogen synthesized?
-sequential addition of glucose to a growing a1-4 linked linear polymer
-creation of branches composed of a1-6 linkages
glycogenin, then glycogen synthase
branching enzyme
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O1
234
5
6
reducingend
non-reducing
end
Glucose ends…
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polymer ends…
fig 7-14
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pg 597
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fig 15-29
addition of UDP carrier to glucose-1-P
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fig 15-30
addition of glucose monomersto the growing glycogen chain
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fig 15-31
Glycogen branching enzyme creates branches
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fig 15-9
Glycogen branching enzyme creates branches
10a1 4 3
7 a1 6
a1 4
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How is glycogen broken down?
-sequential removal of glucose-1P from the non-reducing end
-dismantling of those pesky branches
glycogen phosphorylase
debranching enzyme
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fig 14-11
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fig 15-26
debranching enzyme removes branches
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4
4 a1 6
a1 47a1 4
1 a1 67a1 4
freeglucose
Debranching enzyme removes branches
transferaseactivity
a1-6glucosidase
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Ask… ortxt: 858-333-6376
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fig 15-36
Allosteric control of glycogen phosphorylase
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Hormonal control of glycogen phosphorylase
fig 15-34
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fig 15-37
regulation ofglycogen synthaseby phos-phorylationas well…
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fig 23-13
Liver glucosemetabolism
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Blood glucoselevel is criticaland stringentlyregulated
fig 23-23
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fig 23-20
The Coricycle
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Liver as a "glucostat"
high blood glucose
low blood glucose
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Glucagon: the hormone of starvation
phosphorylation of enzymes
alteration of fructose 2,6 bis P
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Insulin: the hormone of plenty
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fig 23-24
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b cell glucose sensing: an ATP gated channel