Learningaboutthe microorganism: q...
Transcript of Learningaboutthe microorganism: q...
![Page 1: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Sef Heijnen, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences
Learning about the microorganism: q-‐rates and chemostat
![Page 2: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
From measurements to process rates
Fin cs,in cx,in
FN,out yN2,out yO2,out yCO2,out
Fout cs,out cx,out cp,out
FN,in yN2,in yO2,in yCO2,in
RO [mol O2/h] RC [mol CO2/h]
Rs [mol s/h] Rx [mol x/h] Rp [mol p/h] Measurements
& balances
VL cs cx cp
VL cs cx cp
![Page 3: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Rs [mol s / h] Rx [mol x / h] Rp [mol p / h] RO [mol O2 / h] RC [mol CO2 / h]
qp qCO2
qs qO2
µ (= qx)
From process rates (R) to biomass specific rates (q)
![Page 4: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Biomass specific: q-‐rates
Biomass specific rates
![Page 5: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Biomass specific: q-‐rates Process rates
![Page 6: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Biomass specific: q-‐rates
Total amount of biomass
![Page 7: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Why are q-‐rates important?
Q-‐rates quanIfy the performance of the organisms
Drawing conclusions only from product concentraQons is dangerous!
![Page 8: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Why drawing conclusions from concentraIons is dangerous: Product yield (exp 1)
![Page 9: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Broth (steady state)
Fin = 0.1 m3/h cs,in = 300 mol glucose/m3
cp,in = 0 mol product/m3
Product yield (exp 1)
pH control acid/base FpH = 0.02 m3/h
Fout = 0.12 m3/h cs,out = 150 mol glucose/m3
cp,out = 100 mol product/m3
mol p/mol s = Rp/Rs = qp/qs = 12 / (30 -‐18) = 1.0 mol p/mol s
VL = 1.00 m3
cx = 1000 mol x/m3
mol p/mol s = (cp,out-‐cp,in)/(cs,in-‐cs,out) = (100 -‐ 0)/(300 -‐150) = 0.667 mol p/mol s
![Page 10: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Why drawing conclusions from concentraIons is dangerous: Product inhibiIon (exp 2)
![Page 11: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Product inhibiIon (exp 2)
Fin = 0.1 m3/h cs,in = 300 mol glucose/m3
cp,in = 100 mol product/m3
pH control acid/base FpH = 0.02 m3/h
Fout = 0.12 m3/h cs,out = 150 mol glucose/m3
cp,out= 183.3 mol product/m3
qp (exp 2) = (0.12 · 183.3 – 0.10 · 100) / (1.00 · 1000) = 0.012 mol p/h
cp,out = 100 (exp1) + 100 = 200 mol p/m3 à inhibition?
qp (exp 1) = (0.12 ·∙ 100 – 0.10 · 0) / (1.00 · 1000) = 0.012 mol p/h
Broth (steady state)
VL = 1.00 m3
cx = 1000 mol x/m3
![Page 12: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Compare microorganisms
• Make balances
• Do measurements
• Calculate q-‐values for two different organisms • Draw your conclusions
• Do not compare concentraQons
• Do experiments
![Page 13: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Behaviour of microorganisms
• µ determines the behaviour of the microorganisms
• Forcing the organisms to have different µ values : how?
• Run fermenter in chemostat mode
• Growth rate µ can be controlled in chemostat Other q-‐rates will change when we change µ
![Page 14: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Fin [m3 / h] cx,in [mol x / m3 ]
Fout [m3 / h] cx,out [mol x / m3]
How to control μ in a chemostat: Biomass balance
VL [m3] cx [mol x/m3]
![Page 15: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
SeXng up the biomass balance for chemostat
AccumulaQon ProducQon RX(t)
Inflow Ouglow
![Page 16: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Steady state
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 t (h)
Cx (gCDW)
Cs (mM)
Cp (mM)
V (L)
Steady state, Dynamic
cx [g CDW]
cs [mM]
cp [mM]
VL [L]
but Ri ≠ 0
![Page 17: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
SeXng up the steady state biomass balance for chemostat
VL and cx are constant in Qme
/h
![Page 18: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
cx = cx,out
Fout = Fin
AssumpIons
Olen true Olen not true
Always measure cx, cx,out, Fin and Fout
![Page 19: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Ideal broth ouglow: cx,out = cx
Biomass concentraQon in the inflow zero
Chemostat with ideal broth ou[low and no biomass in the feed
à We control µ!
0 cx
![Page 20: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Obtaining other q-‐rates:
Substrate balance: (for qs)
Product balance: (for qp)
The remainder you can do yourselves J Other balances:
![Page 21: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Wrap up: Learning about the microorganism: q-‐rates and chemostat
q-‐rates are key performance indicators • Are calculated from proper compound balances and
measurements • Can be controlled in chemostat by us
Never judge microorganism performance based on concentraIons • Use q-‐rates!
![Page 22: Learningaboutthe microorganism: q rates(andchemostatdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/TBP01x-BiobasedProducts/Week2/... · 2016. 10. 20. · Sef$Heijnen,$Departmentof$Biotechnology,$Faculty$of$Applied$Sciences$](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060716/607c63ace28b614cd63d3f43/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
See you in the next unit!