Learning To Use New

Testament Greek

Lesson VII

Elements Of Greek

• Mood• Voice• Person• Number• Tense• **Stem**

Elements Of Greek • Mood

– The kind of action to the realm of reality• Indicative – I loose the servant.

– Has happened, will happen, is happening (certain)

• Subjunctive – Though he loose the servant, I will not go. John 3:16

– The realm of possibility of something happening (wishful)

• Imperative – Loose the servant. – The mood of command.

• Infinitive – To loose the servant is difficult. – Can express verbal idea without

limiting by specifying person & number

Elements Of Greek • Voice

– The relationship between the subject and the verb.

• Active – the subject is said to perform the action.

– The apostle looses the slave. luvw

• Passive – the subject receives the action of the verb.

– The slave is being loosed by the apostle. luvomai

• Middle – the subject performs the action but for, or to, itself

– The slave looses himself. luvomai

Elements Of Greek

• Person– Expresses whether the subject

is speaking (1st person), is being spoken to (2nd person), or is being spoken about (3rd person).

Singular Plural

1st Person I we

2nd Person you you all

3rd Person he/she/it they

Elements Of Greek

• Number– Whether the subject is

singular or plural• Tense

– Reference to time element (past, present, future) & kind of action (imperfective, aoristic, perfective).

Elements Of Greek

Time Of Action

Kind Of Action Past Present Future

Imperativein process / ongoing

Imperfecteluvon – I was loosing

Presentluvw – I loose (am

loosing)

Futureluvsw – I will

loose

Aoristicundefined (no

comment on time)

Aoristeluvsa – I loosed

Presentluvw – I loose

Futureluvsw – I will

loose

Perfectivecompleted state of

action

Pluperfectleluvkein – I had

loosed

Perfectleluvka – I have

loosed

Future Perfectluvsw – I will

loose

a[gw – a[xw

I lead – I will lead

ajkou;w - ajkou;sw

I hear – I will hear

bapti;zw – bapti;sw

I baptize – I will baptize

ble;pw – ble;yswI see – I will see

gra;fw – gra;ysw

I write – I will write

dida;skw – dida;xwI teach – I will teach

doxa;zw – doxa;swI glorify – I will glorify

eJtoima;zw – eJtoima;swI prepare – I will prepare

e]cw – e]xw

I have – I will have

qerapeu;w – qerapeu;swI heal – I will heal

khru;ssw – khru;xw

I preach – I will preach

lu;w – lu;sw

I loose – I will loose

pei;qw – pei;swI trust in – I will trust in

pe;mpw – pe;mywI send – I will send

pisteu;w – pisteu;sw

I believe – I will believe

sw;zo – sw;sw

I save – I will save

eimi’

I am

mh; – ouj

not

Conjugations

-w conjugation - mi conjugation

• Conjugations – related patterns of verbs– Latin conigo – “I join together”

luw agw

lueis akouw

luei blepw

luomen ecw

luete

luousin

didwmi

apollumi

didwV deiknumi

didwsi dunami

didomen

apodidwomi

didote qhmi

didosi

Primary Active Suffixes

Singular Plural

1 -w = I -men = we

2 -eis = you -te = you all

3 -ei = he/she/it

-ousi(n) = they

Primary TensesPresent – I love / I am lovingFuture – I will lovePerfect – I have lovedFuture Perfect – I will have

loved

Secondary TensesImperfectAoristPluperfect

}w

eis

ei

omen

ete

ousi(n)

Present And Future Active Indicative Of

luwPresent Active

luwlueisluei

luomenluete

luousin

Future Active

luswluseislusei

lusomenlusete

lusousin