Learning

Learning Theories

Goal How do we learn behaviors through classical conditioning?Learning isRelatively permanentChange in behaviorDue to experience

Habituation

Associative LearningLearn that certain events occur togetherClassical Conditioning: associate two stimuli together to anticipate eventsOperant Conditioning: associate a behavior with a good or bad result

Ivan Pavlovs ExperimentStudied digestion of dogsLearn to salivate?Paired food w/neutral stimulusDogs salivated to just the neutral stimulus

Pavlovs Experiment

URUCCRCS

Classical Conditioning

Classical ConditioningStrengthof CRPauseAcquisition(CS+UCS)Extinction(CS alone)Extinction(CS alone)Spontaneousrecovery ofCRExtinction

John B. Watson & Little Albert

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KxKfpKQzow8&feature=related Generalization

Discrimination

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14Generalization

Taste Aversion

UCURCSCRFactors Influencing Classical Conditioning1) How consistently CS predicts UCS2) Number of pairings of CS and UCS3) Intensity of UCS4) Time between CS and UCS

Higher-Order Conditioning

===But what about?Cognitive processes?Learned helplessnessBiological predispositions?Garcia & Koelling study associations may be adaptiveCSUCSLearned ResponseLoud NoiseShockFearLoud NoiseRadiation (nausea)NothingSweet WaterShockNothingSweet WaterRadiation (nausea)Avoid Water