LEARNING OBJECTIVE

• I can identify significant individuals, events, and issues of the development of the cattle industry and the cattle trails.

WARM UP

• Complete the timeline – 5 Minutes

Jose de Escandon

land grants

Sheep Ranch established by

George Wilkens Kendall

Opening of the

Chisholm Trail

Fence cutting

becomes a crime

1852 1873 1876

CATTLE TRAILS

MARKET FOR BEEF

• Supply & Demand• Demand for beef in

the North & East– $4 in Texas $40 in

packinghouses

• Creation of cow town – connection to Railroad– Attractions &

entertainment

DEVELOPMENT OF CATTLE TRAILS

• Chisholm Trail –opened by Jesse Chisholm 1867 (S. TX to Abilene and Ellsworth, KS)– 350,000 head of cattle in two years

TRAILS• Western or Dodge City Trail –

1870s– North from San Antonio (later

extended further south) to Dodge City, KS

• Goodnight-Loving Trail – Followed the Pecos River into Colorado– Later extended to Wyoming

• Long days with little sleep • Night watch – – prevent stampedes & thieves

• Entertainment – sit around the campfire and

sing songs

LIFE ON THE TRAIL

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D40hyjEp0Co&feature=related

WranglerChuck Wagon

Trail boss

Drag

Drag

Drag

Flank

Flank

Swing

Swing

Point

Point Cowhands - general term to refer to cowboys on cattle drive

EXPANDING CATTLE RANGE

• Earlier to market = more money• Some would wait out the winter on

government land = first to market in spring– Led to expansion of cattle in west

TRAIL BOSS

• The Trail Boss is in charge of all the cowhands and the cattle

POINTERS

• The point position – rode at the side of the lead cattle to direct the herd

FLANKERS

• The Flank position – rode beside the herd and kept them from straying too far

SWING

• The swing position – rides alongside a herd to turn it in the right direction

DRAG• The Drag position – rides at the rear to keep it

moving

WRANGLER

• Wrangler – Cowboy in charge of the remuda (extra horses) on the trail

CAMP COOK

• Camp cook – fed all of the cowhands on the trail – revered position

• Chuck Wagon - A wagon that carried the food, supplies and cooking equipment

ON THE TRAIL

• Write a paragraph answering the following questions.• If you were a cowhand….– What would you be responsible for on the trail? – What would you enjoy most and least about the long ride

from home to the market?– How would you entertain yourself?