Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere...
Transcript of Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere...
![Page 1: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Learning Disabilities: 101
Website: www.ldayr.org E-mail: [email protected]
905-844-7933 x 23 By: Kelli Cote, Principal, Parent, LDAYR Director Shelley Henderson, Parent and LDAYR Director
April 9, 2014
![Page 2: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Learning Objectives
• Understand the perspectives and needs of students with Learning Disabilities (LDs)
• Highlight practical strategies to engage and empower people with LDs and their families
• Promote voice through self-advocacy strategies
![Page 3: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Learning Disabilities A “Learning Disability (LD)” refers to:
A variety of disorders that affect acquisition, retention, understanding, organization or use of verbal and/or non-verbal information. These disorders result from impairments in one or more psychological processes related to learning* in combination with otherwise average abilities essential for thinking and reasoning.
*The term “psychological processes” describes an evolving list of cognitive functions such as: • Phonological Processing • Memory and Attention • Processing Speed • Language Processing • Perceptual-Motor Processing • Visual-Spatial Processing • Executive Functions
![Page 4: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
People with LDs are intelligent
and can learn.!
4
![Page 5: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Learning Disabilities
Learning Disabilities range in severity and invariably interfere with the acquisition and use of one or more of the following skills:
• Oral language (listening, speaking, understanding) • Reading (decoding, comprehension) • Written language (spelling, written expression) • Mathematics (computation, problem solving)
![Page 6: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• The impairment is lifelong. • LDs are brain based problems that affect one or
more ways that a person takes in, stores or uses information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math.
• They can also interfere with higher level skills such as organization, time management and social skills.
• Learning Disabilities are due to genetic, other congenital and/or neuro-biological factors. They are not caused by factors such as cultural or language differences, inadequate or inappropriate instruction, socio-economic status or lack of motivation.
6
![Page 7: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
LDs come in many forms and their effects are different from person to person.
They relate to:
• Getting information into the brain (Input) • Making sense of this information
(Organization) • Storing and retrieving information (Memory) • Getting information back out (Output)
7
![Page 8: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What do LDs affect?
No two LDs are the same. LDs vary greatly in form and intensity, and can affect one or more of the following areas:
8
ACADEMICS DAILY LIFE SOCIAL LIFE
![Page 9: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
ACADEMICS People with LDs may experience problems with:
Reading (sometimes called dyslexia) -Understanding what is read -Recognizing words -Breaking words down into their individual sounds -Reading fluently Writing (sometimes called dysgraphia) -Handwriting -Putting thoughts on paper -Organizing written work -Spelling and grammar Math (sometimes called dyscalculia) -Doing arithmetic and calculation -Using symbols in math -Understanding visual-spatial relationships -Learning number facts
9
![Page 10: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Daily Life • Organizing • Managing time • Problem solving • Learning to drive • Planning and decision making • Finding their way in an
unfamiliar environment • Interpreting graphs, charts,
and maps • Following multi-step
instructions • Finding things on a cluttered
desk • Seeing the “whole picture” or
knowing what details are important
10
Social Life •Interpreting facial expressions •Understanding body language •Understanding tones of voice •Taking turns in conversations
![Page 11: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Brain Processing Challenges
![Page 12: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Visual Perception:
What is this a picture of?
![Page 13: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
We all look at the same image but may not all process the information in the same way. Looking at the image “in different ways” allows everyone an opportunity to process the image
of the Dalmatian.
Does it help if the image is blackened-out?
![Page 14: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Does it help if the photo has more detail?
![Page 15: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Say the colour, not the word!
YELLOW BLUE ORANGE BLACK RED GREEN
PURPLE YELLOW RED ORANGE GREEN BLACK
BLUE RED PURPLE GREEN BLUE ORANGE
Does your brain get jammed up when processing two
tasks simultaneously?
The brain gets mixed messages and finds it difficult
to re-focus with the two stimuli.
Your right brain tries to say the colour, but your left brain insists on reading the word.
![Page 16: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
These situations may lead to:
16
• Low self-esteem • Lack of confidence • Feeling dumb • A sense of failure • Appearing less motivated • Loneliness • Social withdrawal
![Page 17: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Practical Strategies
• So what can we do?
![Page 18: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Communication is Key
A culture of collaboration…
And a positive school climate can help professionals, parents, guardians, and educators work constructively together to address concerns related to programs and services before they become a source of conflict.
![Page 19: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
“When parents are involved, children do better in schools, and they go to better schools.”
Swap, 1993
![Page 20: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Successful parent-professional partnerships result in improved outcomes for students, but
many parents and professionals require training to develop the skills necessary to form
effective relationships. Teaching Exceptional Children, Mar 2007
![Page 21: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Benefits of Building Positive Relationships
• Positive relationships = creative solutions • Everyone understands they have a role to play
to ensure the best interests of the student are met
• Willingness to consider solutions other than the way things have been done before
• Students can sense the quality of the relationship between parents and educators
![Page 22: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Communication is the Key
It is not what you say, it’s how you say it.
![Page 23: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
LD Waterfall
Chart
![Page 27: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Embrace Structure
Individualize in Good Faith
Teach in Multiple Modes
Know What You’re Teaching and Assessing at Each Moment
Model Learning
Watch for Assumed Knowledge
Some Effective Practices
![Page 28: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
For success, persons with Learning Disabilities require specialized interventions in the home, school, community and workplace settings, appropriate to their individual strengths and needs, including:
• specific/direct skill instruction • self-advocacy skills • accommodations/compensatory strategies
![Page 29: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Self-Advocacy Model
Stop, Think, Act, Check it Out
![Page 30: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Stop
What is happening?
Where am I?
Where do I want
to be?
![Page 31: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Think
What can I do?
What choices do I have?
What will happen
if…?
![Page 32: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Act
What are my choices?
What do I need to
do?
Do it.
![Page 33: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Check it out
Did it work?
Do things look different?
Am I satisfied?
![Page 34: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Top 5 Advocacy Skills
• Understand learning profile • Create achievable goals with action oriented
steps • Have a plan and revisit it often • Balance strengths with needs • Reflect
![Page 35: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Advocacy Cards
![Page 36: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
NEEDS of People with LDs • The need to be treated with respect and dignity • Need to be recognized as an individual who has abilities and
strengths as well as a Learning Disability • The need to have their strengths and weaknesses identified • The need to have coping and compensatory strategies
identified • The need for accommodations • The need for specific skilled instruction • The need for social skill training • The need to learn self-advocacy skills
36
![Page 37: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
• A parent’s perspective…
![Page 38: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Our LDAYR is here to help you.
To provide leadership in Learning Disabilities advocacy, research, education, and services
and to advance the full participation of children, youth, and adults with learning
disabilities in today’s society.
38
![Page 39: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Learning Disabilities Association of York Region
39
Serving persons with Learning Disabilities and Attention Deficit
Hyperactivity Disorder
Advocacy Public Awareness
Programs &
Services
Educational Services/ Training
Adult/Pre Employment Program/JobFit
Referrals to Other Resources
Outreach Programs
Information &
Library Child and Youth
Programs
![Page 40: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: Learning Disabilities: 101 - York Region District School Board · information. LDs can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing, and math. • They can also interfere](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022041418/5e1d2cd8dbc6f73fa719fa60/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
The Power of One
I am only one But I am still one
I cannot do everything, But still I can do something
And because I cannot do everything I will not refuse to do
The something that I can do
Adapted From: Edward Everett Hale
41