Learning About the Roots of Democracy. Complete chart as we move through the activity 4 Forms of...
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Transcript of Learning About the Roots of Democracy. Complete chart as we move through the activity 4 Forms of...
Learning About the Roots of Democracy
Complete chart as we move through the activity
4 Forms of Government
Monarchy Dictatorship Oligarchy DemocracyDefinition
Meaning
Visual
Description
Country Example
Monarchy• A monarchy is a form of government in
which one person (king, queen or emperor) has the power to make all political decisions.
• The word monarchy comes from the Greek term “monos” meaning single and “arkhein” meaning rule.
• One of the first forms of government
• A monarchy is hereditary
Monarchy in Ancient Greece
• The Mycenaeans of ancient Greece established kings to rule their kingdoms from 2000-1100 BC.
• The people of the villages paid taxes to the king, obeyed his laws and depended upon him for their defense.
• The king relied on soldiers to enforce laws.
• His eldest son succeeded him on the throne.
• The Monarchy disappeared when the Mycenaeans destroyed themselves through in-fighting
• Absolute-power to rule citizens freely (Saudi Arabia)
• Constitutional- monarchy with Parliament and Prime Minister as head of government (UK)
Monarchy
Who makes the decisions in a monarchy?
What are the advantages of a monarchy?
What are the disadvantages?
Why do you think monarchy was one of the earliest forms of government?
Oligarchy• An oligarachy is a form of government
in which a few individuals have all the power to make all the political decisions
• Oligarchy comes from the Greek word “oligos” meaning few and “arkhein” meaning rule
• Oligarchy developed as an alternative to monarchy
Oligarchy in Ancient Greece
• By 800 BC small groups of people began to share the ruling power, those with wealth and power.
• They also enforced their rule with military support.
• Most citizens had very little say in how the city-state was run.
• Oligarchies disappeared when they ruled harshly and their subjects rebelled. Others lost support when they could not solve key problems such as food shortages.
• Alternative to monarchy
• Former USSR, Apartheid South Africa
Oligarchy
• Who makes the decisions in an oligarchy?
• What are the advantages?
• What are the disadvantages?
• Why do you think Oligarchies often developed after monarchies?
Tyranny/Dictatorship
• Government in which one individual has seized power by force and rules single-handedly.
• Tyranny comes from the Greek word “tyrannos” which means usurper with supreme power.
• Over time a tyrant became known as a person who held on to power through cruel and abusive means
• Rarely have they established dynasties. Their power usually dies with them.
Tyranny/Dictatorship in Ancient Greece
• First arose in Greece in 600’s BC
• The middle class became angry with their rulers and demanded more power. The oligarchies refused.
• Previous military leaders responded to the middle class and promised to make the changes they requested. Backed by the middle class, they took control.
• In some areas, tyrants became harsh and greedy and were overthrown by the people.
• Power usually dies with them• Power to govern without consent
of governed• North Korea
Tyranny/Dictatorship
• Who makes the decisions?
• What are the advantages?
• What are the disadvantages?
• Why do you think tyrannies sometimes developed after oligarchies?
Democracy
• Form of government where political decisions are made by all people
• The word democracy comes from the Greek work “demos” meaning people and “kratos” meaning power.
Democracy in Ancient Greece
• Developed around 500 BC in city-state of Athens
• They developed an assembly open to all adult male citizens. This body met 40 times a year and made decisions based on debate and vote.
• A council of 500 ran the day to day duties of the government.
• Parliamentary democracy• Representative democracy- people
elect representatives to make decisions
• Direct democracy-all decisions made by the people
• Ancient Greece, US
Democracy
• Who makes the decisions?
• What are the advantages?
• What are the disadvantages?
• Why do you think democracy developed in Ancient Greece?