Lean NFV Ops: operational considerations and use cases in mobile networks
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Transcript of Lean NFV Ops: operational considerations and use cases in mobile networks
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
LEAN NFV OPS:
OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS IN MOBILE NETWORKS
- USE CASES -
Jose de Francisco
GSMA North America – Chicago, September 22 2015
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
2
DISCUSSION AGENDA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Einstein#/media/File:Albert_Einstein_as_a_child.jpg
"If you can't explain it simply, you don't understand it well enough."
1. NFV deployment strategies
2. Present Mode of Operations
3. Network Softwarization
4. The Journey
5. Virtualization of Mobile Core and IMS (ETSI NFV Use Case #5)
6. Service Function Chaining
7. Reliability, Availability and Serviceability
8. DevOps: Development & Operations
9. Standards
10. Early Challenges
11. Future Mode of Operations
12. Closing comments
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
4
PRESENT MODE OF OPERATIONS (PMO) CHALLENGES
high lead times for new system and/or service introduction estimated in months and years where technology silos prevail
complex overall Method of Procedure given hardware specifics and planning processes. Challenging end-to-end operations
low server to administrator ratio in environments comprised of largely physical elements, tightly integrated software and hardware under multiple management systems
high human latency due to number of manual deployment, maintenance and upgrade process, communications, forms, also impacted by network and IT disconnects
LT: Lead Time
MOP: Method of Procedure
S/A: Server to Administrator Ratio
HL: Human Latency
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
5
PRESENT MODE OF OPERATIONS (PMO) CHALLENGES
compromised time to market, lengthy ordering to activation process, difficult to measure end users’ QoE
overlong capacity planning does not favor agile reconfiguration of services and components to meet demand curves
costly environment which cannot dynamically apply big data subjected to real-time changes; underutilized assets and budgets consumed by maintenance
taxing end to end management under separate fulfilment and assurance for core, access, ims, with service upgrades often susceptible to failures
cause effect correlation
feedback loopCoD: Capacity on Demand
TTM: Time to Market
QoE: Quality of Experience
LT: Lead Time
MOP: Method of Procedure
S/A: Server to Administrator Ratio
HL: Human Latency
leading lagging indicators
high lead times for new system and/or service introduction estimated in months and years where technology silos prevail
complex overall Method of Procedure given hardware specifics and planning processes. Challenging end-to-end operations
low server to administrator ratio in environments comprised of largely physical elements, tightly integrated software and hardware under multiple management systems
high human latency due to number of manual deployment, maintenance and upgrade process, communications, forms, also impacted by network and IT disconnects
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
6
IS “NETWORK SOFTWARIZATION” THE ANSWER?
“I do not paint a portrait to look like the subject, rather does the person grow to look like his portrait.”
Network Functions Virtualization (NFV):
• software (SW) is decupled from hardware (HW)
• telecom systems (IMS, EPC, RAN) become software instances
• virtual network functions (VNF) run on virtual machines (VM)
• VNFs are decomposed and modularized suited for N+K redundancy
• shared infrastructure based on general purpose, high volume COTS HW
• enables application multi-tenancy and distributed architectures
• automation optimizes lifecycle management and resource orchestration
Software Defined Networking (SDN):
• control (traffic decisions) decoupled from data plane (traffic forwarding)
• programmable and automated networking
• centralized global network view and intelligence
• controller sends packet handling rules to the switch
translating IT virtualization concept to Telecom
Salvador Dalí
Photograph of Figueres Train Station Mural - JdF
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
7
ETSI NFV REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE
NFV Management & Orchestration
NFV Orchestrator (NFVO)
Multi-VIM management
VNF placement
VNF policy enforcement
VNF Manager (VNFM)
VNF deployment
VM level monitoring (CPU/storage)
Virtual Infrastructure Manager (VIM)
Virtual resource management at hypervisor level
http://www.etsi.org/technologies-clusters/technologies/nfv
https://portal.etsi.org/NFV/NFV_White_Paper2.pdf
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
8
THE JOURNEY: EARLY VIRTUALIZATION
• apps run on VMs
• multiple applications run on generic hardware
• apps in the component form consuming 1 or more VMs
• apps can scale by adding more VMs
• various component level scaling is possible
• purpose built HW/ASICs
• tight coupling between HW & SW
• monolithic apps with specific HW configurations
• scales by adding more HW
• rigid service creation
• 1-to-1 app to purpose built HW ratio
PMO
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
9
THE JOURNEY: FMO
IaaS – Infrastructure as a Service
common infrastructure management
resource orchestration
application multi-tenancy
PaaS – Platform as a Service
solution templates
key performance indicators
selective lifecycle automation
distributed architectures
Service level orchestration
fulfilment & assurance
predictive analytics
end-to-end automation
autonomics, self-organizing
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
10
ETSI NFV USE CASE #5: VEPC AND VIMS
• “Mobile networks are populated with a large variety of proprietary hardware appliances […] leverage standard IT virtualization technologies to consolidate different types of network equipment located in NFVI-PoPs.”
• Virtualization target:
• Mobile Core Network Functions:
• EPC Core & Adjunct Network Functions e.g. MME, S/P-GW, PCRF, etc.
• 3G/EPC Interworking Network Functions e.g. SGSN, GGSN, etc.
• All IMS Network Functions e.g. P/S/I=CSCF, MGCF, AS.
• “Flexible allocation of Network Functions on such hardware resource pool could highly improve network usage efficiently in day-to-day network operation.”
• “Higher service availability and resiliency provided to end users/customers by dynamic network reconfiguration.”
• “Elasticity: capacity dedicated to each Network Function can be dynamically modified according to actual load on the network, thus increasing scalability.”
• “Topology reconfiguration: Network topology can be dynamically reconfigured to optimize performances.”
• “Creation of a competitive environment where innovative implementations of 3rd party network applications can be supplied by unlocking the proprietary boundaries of current Mobile Core and IMS implementations.”
• “Designing newer resiliency schemes becomes possible by utilizing the portability of the VNF instances in the form of, but not limited to VM relocation, replication, etc […] the relocation of the managed sessions and/or connections needs to be handled appropriately to achieve operator desired service continuity and service availability.”
• “Coexistence of virtualized and non-virtualized network functions.” http://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_gs/NFV/001_099/001/01.01.01_60/gs_NFV001v010101p.pdf
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
11
USE CASE #5 – LEAN NFV OPS DEMO
dynamic lifecycle use cases:
• agile service selection and deployment
• SFC: Service Function Chaining
• Capacity: growth / degrowth with analytics
• RAS: Reliability, Availability, Serviceability
• service continuity in HA: High Availability
• RCA: Root Cause Analysis
• smart placement (Bell Labs simulation)
http://www.telecomtv.com/articles/poc-zone/proof-of-concept-lean-nfv-operations-12422/
demo environment:
• end to end 100% virtualized VoLTE
• solutions:
• VNFs: vRAN, vEPC, vIMS
• OSS: Motive Dynamic Operations
• SDN: Nuage Networks
• MANO: CloudBand Management System
• VIM: OpenStack
• NFVI: CloudBand Cloud Nodes
• ecosystem: Intel, WebRTC, RealSense/Personify
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
12
SERVICE FUNCTION CHAINING (SFC) DEMO
• SFC leverages NFV and SDN
• service function is decoupled from network topology, physical network is not required to be modified
• users contract different services comprised of several applications
• application sets are dynamically “stitched” in real time
• enables sharing information between service functions
• simplify access to virtualized apps
• up sell / cross-sell services
Lean NFV Ops demo screenshot
operational flexibility:
• application driven provisioning
• intelligent traffic steering, capacity adjusted based on utilization
• common deployment of service functions
• usage across multiple domains
• SSO: self-service operations
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
13
RELIABILITY, AVAILABILITY, SERVICEABILITY (RAS) DEMO
• service assurance encompasses cloud, network, application analytics and compliance
• advanced correlation relies on predictive analytics and unified event management
• automation involves root cause analysis and resolution
• autonomation provides controls and override, involves operations team and enables immediate attention
• a recommendations engine presents alternative solutions starting with the most optimal
Lean NFV Ops demo screenshot
addressing RAS:
• dynamic CoD (Capacity on Demand)
• automated recovery and service continuity
• sustaining HA (High Availability) environment
• distributed system, N+K redundancy, active standby failover
• smart placement for VM relocation, replication
• delivering fine grained and correlated analytics
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
14
CONTINUOUS INTEGRATION (DEVOPS)
issue tracking
version control
continuous integration
build
hooks and triggers
install
deliver/publish
integration test
code review
automation
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automation
PMO FMO
software + hardware delivery focus on software delivery
dedicated hardware (appliance model) virtualized and cloud infrastructure
long lead times short iterative cycles
fixed release schedule flexible, frequent delivery
waterfall development model agile software development
manual processes
single source repository
highly automated build
self-testing
automated version control
undetected issues can snowball early issue detection
back end loaded process iterative process
compartmental handovercross-functional process and workstyle
collaborative delivery
risk averse entrepreneurial
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
15
STANDARDIZATION
interfaces between physical and virtual resources in the context of wireless applications and the mobile core
Zero Touch Orchestration, Operations and Management for NFV-O and SDN; defines interfaces between OSS and orchestration, interest in VNF descriptor alignment
involves network service orchestration and service function chaining
research agenda
OpenStack (VIM), Mistral (workflow), HOT (orchestration template) and Tacker, which uses Oasis’ TOSCA
NFVI layer (cloud nodes)
“in November 2012 seven of the world's leading telecoms network operators selected ETSI to be the home of the Industry Specification Group for NFV”
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
16
ECOSYSTEM AND TECHNOLOGY READINESS
launch, live ops, LCM
validation in relevant environment
agile development
use case - proof of concept projects
basic technology research
• readiness level provides understanding on maturity
• the journey can plot different paths based on readiness, adoption levels and matchmaking choices
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
17
EARLY INDUSTRY CHALLENGES
1. shifting from PoC focus to successfully crossing “the ops’ chasm”
2. separating hype and vaporware from what actually works today
3. assessing maturity and technology readiness levels (the journey)
4. sprawling virtualization silos and conflicting management systems
5. bloated architectures shortchanging operations, scalability or performance
6. working with physical and virtual elements in hybrid environments
7. industry standards and fragmentation
8. diverging from cloud fundamentals that we fell in love with
9. legacy technologies’ last gasp
10. end-to-end (eco)systems engineering and open source
11. business transformation and organizational dynamics
“Toto, I've a feeling we're not in Kansas anymore”.
The Wizard of Oz, 1939
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1939_film)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1939_film)#/media/File:The_Wizard_of_Oz_Lahr_Garland_Bolger_Haley_1939.jpg
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
18
LEAN NFV OPS
lean: effective & highly efficient service delivery at any scale
Lean NFV Ops
efficient
Service Level Agreement
lowest cost perworkload
bit
high utilization levels
high availabilityeffective
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
19
FUTURE MODE OF OPERATIONS (FMO)
1. Shorter LT: agile delivery throughout service lifecycle:
1. streamlining: end-to-end value stream mapping of the service
2. service lifecycle orchestration (automation)
3. user friendly self-service and customization from ordering to activation
4. continuous integration (DevOps)
5. leveraging ecosystem and open source (e.g. OpenStack)
1. Streamlined Ops: deconstructing and modularizing:
1. decoupling software from dedicated hardware
2. working with virtual machines
3. lifecycle orchestration templates, policies
4. asset pooling and on-demand (JIT) resource allocation
5. application modeling (information, data models)
6. smart load placement
7. addressing service continuity and RAS by operating in HA
8. furthering service decomposition and N+K, active standby failover
9. analytics: monitoring, alarm correlation, data driven ops, root cause analysis
10. predictive analytics, autonomics (machine learning, full scale automation) leading to self-organizing systems
DevOps: Development and Operations
HA: High Availability
JIT: Just in Time
N+K: redundancy model
Ops: Operations
RAS: Reliability, Availability, Serviceability
RCA: Root Cause Analysis
LT: Lead Time
MOP: Method of Procedure
S/A: Server to Administrator Ratio
HL: Human Latency
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
20
FUTURE MODE OF OPERATIONS (FMO)
3. Higher S/A ratio: harmonizing management systems
1. COTS based hardware consolidation
2. centralized management of virtual and distributed environments
3. end-to-end visibility: abstractions, single pane of glass
4. autonomation (automation with controls)
4. Lower HL:
1. cross-functional behaviors: organizational culture, workstyle
2. agile project management, continuous improvement
3. clear roles and responsibilities
4. context enabled adaptive processes
5. training and professional development
LT: Lead Time
MOP: Method of Procedure
S/A: Server to Administrator Ratio
HL: Human Latency
COTS: Commercial off the Self
E2E: End to End
COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
21
CLOSING THOUGHTS AND Q&A
Present Mode of Operations (PMO):
• widespread industry concerns about the risks and cost of ever growing complexity
• overly lengthy lead times compound the problem in today’s changing environment
• hybrid physical and virtual environments are expected to co-exist in the short and mid terms
• making “network softwarization” and “dynamic services” happen dominates work on next generation systems
• service level orchestration becomes an operational objective
• NFV and SDN involve emerging technologies and IT practices that are set to disrupt the telecommunications industry
• “cloud” presents new challenges for network operators, some already addressed by fast evolving “cloud solutions”
• technical prowess alone is not enough as organizational and business models are morphing
• starting and staying “lean” at any scale throughout NFV’s journey is of the essence
Future Mode of Operations (FMO):
2 page paper 10+ min video 60 min webinar
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bgcNRBl0nVQ
https://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/EventLobbyServlet?target=reg20.jsp&eventid=1003257&sessionid=1&key=A6D2CED68DEB269D30F7D2A8C2301D5F&sourcepage=register
http://webform.alcatel-lucent.com/r/?id=hf5e0c8,283d39b2,283d3e81&SP_MID=675101106&SP_RID=38172785
LEAN NFV OPS – ADDITIONAL MATERIALS
THANKS!
https://www.alcatel-lucent.com/solutions/cloud@Alcatel_Lucent @ALU_Cloud