Leading Change Without Leading Change Without Creating a MutinyCreating a Mutiny

Jack H BrittJack H Britt

University of TennesseeUniversity of Tennessee

ChangeChange

LGUs were created as LGUs were created as agents of changeagents of change Therefore…Therefore…

We should We should embrace changeembrace change as part of our culture as part of our culture

We should see change as an We should see change as an opportunityopportunity

Deans should facilitate change as Deans should facilitate change as change agentschange agents

Deans should promote and explain Deans should promote and explain benefits of benefits of changechange before, during and after implementation before, during and after implementation

Why change must occur..Why change must occur..

KnowledgeKnowledge Half life of technology is 3.5 yrHalf life of technology is 3.5 yr Knowledge increasing exponentiallyKnowledge increasing exponentially

DemographicDemographic Rural to urban shiftRural to urban shift

Metropolitan, micropolitanMetropolitan, micropolitan Economic, educational and digital “divide”Economic, educational and digital “divide” EthnicEthnic

Why change must occur..Why change must occur..

PoliticalPolitical Shift to Republican majoritiesShift to Republican majorities Less resources for higher educationLess resources for higher education

Academic vitalityAcademic vitality Change provides opportunities for creativity to Change provides opportunities for creativity to

emerge in an academic setting emerge in an academic setting

Leading ChangeLeading Change

Germinating and growing seeds of changeGerminating and growing seeds of change

Using information to support changeUsing information to support change

Communicating why change is needed and Communicating why change is needed and beneficialbeneficial

Incorporating change in strategic plansIncorporating change in strategic plans

Rewarding changeRewarding change

Germinating and growing seeds of Germinating and growing seeds of changechange

Plant an idea seedPlant an idea seed Plant the idea seed with administrative team, faculty, Plant the idea seed with administrative team, faculty,

supervisors, external constituents, colleagues at other supervisors, external constituents, colleagues at other universities, staff membersuniversities, staff members

Water and fertilizer to see if it germinatesWater and fertilizer to see if it germinates Promote the idea through use of clear data and rationalePromote the idea through use of clear data and rationale Challenge the idea through dialogueChallenge the idea through dialogue Collect feedback from all groupsCollect feedback from all groups Determine if it is viable and beneficialDetermine if it is viable and beneficial

Germinating and growing ideas for Germinating and growing ideas for changechange

Did the idea germinate and grow?Did the idea germinate and grow?oror

Did it wither?Did it wither?

If it withered, then it probably was not an idea that If it withered, then it probably was not an idea that would have survived or succeeded. would have survived or succeeded.

Do not hesitate to discard or postpone an ideaDo not hesitate to discard or postpone an idea that did not germinate and grow. that did not germinate and grow.

Use information to support changeUse information to support change

Have a thorough understanding of data to support Have a thorough understanding of data to support change – a scientific approachchange – a scientific approach Make sure you are prepared – read, become informed, know the Make sure you are prepared – read, become informed, know the

factsfacts

Create visuals, diagrams or other pieces to illustrate and Create visuals, diagrams or other pieces to illustrate and explain why change is neededexplain why change is needed Simple, self-explanatory, easy to understandSimple, self-explanatory, easy to understand

Deliver the same message consistently to different Deliver the same message consistently to different audiencesaudiences Use the same pieces in every setting to be consistentUse the same pieces in every setting to be consistent

Changes in TN Agriculture: Changes in TN Agriculture: % Sales% Sales by by SalesSales Category Category

USDA Agricultural Census 2002 (Summarized from Table 57)USDA Agricultural Census 2002 (Summarized from Table 57)

0.3% 0.7% 1.

3% 2.2% 2.5%

4.4%

11.7

% 14.4

%

15.4

%

22.4

% 24.7

%

24%

17% 18

%

14%

7%

6%

7%

4%

2%

1%

0%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%>

$1

00

0

$5

00

-$9

99

$2

50

-$4

99

$1

00

-$2

49

$5

0-$

99

$2

5-$

49

$1

0-2

4.9

$5

-$9

.9

$2

.5-$

4.9

$1

-$2

.49

<$

1

Farm Sales Categories (x $1,000)

Pe

rce

nta

ge

% of TN Farms% of TN Sales

4.5% of farms4.5% of farms73% of sales73% of sales

77% of farms77% of farms7% of sales7% of sales

Example of an illustration to show how agriculture is differentiating into large and small enterprises.

2.1

4.2

5.7 5.52.3

7.2

12.3

19.6

1

2.4

4.8

7.6

11.2

1

3

5

7

9

11

13

15

17

19

1964 1974 1984 1994 2004

Budget

(fold

of 1964)

Extension

Federal

Ag R&D

Federal Agricultural Resources Lag Federal Total SpendingFederal Agricultural Resources Lag Federal Total Spending

Example of an illustration to show why reductions in Extension positions are occurring.

Example of an illustration to show importance of the Green industry in Tennessee.

Primary Agriculture Economic Impact Primary Agriculture Economic Impact 20002000

CropsCrops1. Hay, pasture = $5681. Hay, pasture = $5682. Cotton = $3852. Cotton = $3853. Tobacco = $3693. Tobacco = $3694. Corn, sorghum = $3174. Corn, sorghum = $3175. Soybeans = $2615. Soybeans = $2616. Fruits, vegetables = $1916. Fruits, vegetables = $1917. Wheat, rice = $987. Wheat, rice = $988. Services = $978. Services = $979. Misc. crops = $89. Misc. crops = $810. Grass seed = $210. Grass seed = $2

$2.3 billion40%

Crops

LivestockGreen

$1.8 billion32%

$1.6 billion28%

LivestockLivestock1. Beef = $7601. Beef = $7602. Poultry = $4182. Poultry = $4183. Dairy = $3433. Dairy = $3434. Hogs = $1144. Hogs = $1145. Misc= $1045. Misc= $1046. Services = $986. Services = $98

GreenGreen1. Greenhouse, nursery = $4521. Greenhouse, nursery = $4522. Landscape & horticulture2. Landscape & horticulture

services = $1,185 services = $1,185

Grand Total = $5.7 billion

The data are for the 2000 crop year.The data are for the 2000 crop year.

Communicating why change is Communicating why change is needed and beneficialneeded and beneficial

Faculty, students, constituents must understand why a Faculty, students, constituents must understand why a change is beneficial to them – at least in the long runchange is beneficial to them – at least in the long run Examples from UTExamples from UT

Replacement of Department of Ag & Extension Education with the Replacement of Department of Ag & Extension Education with the Concentration in Ag & Extension EducationConcentration in Ag & Extension Education

Shift of Ag Communications from an academic to a service unitShift of Ag Communications from an academic to a service unit External communication is equally important as internal External communication is equally important as internal

communications – often more importantcommunications – often more important It is almost impossible to communicate too much – keep It is almost impossible to communicate too much – keep

repeating the messagerepeating the message Town hall meetings, departmental meetings, one-on-one Town hall meetings, departmental meetings, one-on-one

conversations, legislators, Farm Bureau officials, Dept of Agriculture, conversations, legislators, Farm Bureau officials, Dept of Agriculture, University officials, Board of TrusteesUniversity officials, Board of Trustees

Incorporating change in strategic Incorporating change in strategic plansplans

Develop a strong strategic plan for every unitDevelop a strong strategic plan for every unit Internal and external inputInternal and external input Rigorous goalsRigorous goals Consensus approach, but with Consensus approach, but with changechange as a theme as a theme

Use the plan to drive programs and allocate budgetsUse the plan to drive programs and allocate budgets Benchmarks,Benchmarks,

Keep folks updated on progress and praise them for Keep folks updated on progress and praise them for developing and implementing effective plansdeveloping and implementing effective plans

Rewarding ChangeRewarding Change

Pubic praise and recognitionPubic praise and recognition Annual “State of the Institute” addressAnnual “State of the Institute” address Publications, newslettersPublications, newsletters Personal letters, plaques, Personal letters, plaques, Patent wallPatent wall

Monetary recognitionMonetary recognition Salary increasesSalary increases Bonus incentive plan for faculty and staffBonus incentive plan for faculty and staff Annual awards program including “Team” awardAnnual awards program including “Team” award

Redirection of resources to units that embrace changeRedirection of resources to units that embrace change

Rewarding ChangeRewarding Change

Appalachian Snow Appalachian BlushAppalachian Mist

Estimated benefits for industry = $42.5 million Estimated benefits for industry = $42.5 million

Estimated value for homeowners = $50.0 million Estimated value for homeowners = $50.0 million

Dogwood Team: New Patented Dogwood Cultivars

Rewarding ChangeRewarding Change

“Insectsin the

Classroom”

Jerome GrantParis Lambdin

CASNREisenhower Grant

THEC

Rewarding ChangeRewarding Change

Giles County Beef Marketing AllianceGiles County Beef Marketing Alliance

• 13 cattle producers – focus on quality13 cattle producers – focus on quality

• Produce and market cooperativelyProduce and market cooperatively

• Added value of $48.47 per head on 8/2/02Added value of $48.47 per head on 8/2/02

• 525 head x $48.47 = $25,446.75525 head x $48.47 = $25,446.75

Examples of Change From 1998 to 2004Examples of Change From 1998 to 2004UT Institute of AgricultureUT Institute of Agriculture

OrganizationalOrganizational Number of Ag departments reduced from 21 to 8Number of Ag departments reduced from 21 to 8 Number of Vet departments reduced from 6 to 4Number of Vet departments reduced from 6 to 4

First African American Dean at 1862 LGU Veterinary CollegeFirst African American Dean at 1862 LGU Veterinary College

Transitioned 3 branch research stations to be solely supported by revenuesTransitioned 3 branch research stations to be solely supported by revenues Built multi-state partnerships through joint faculty and professional staffBuilt multi-state partnerships through joint faculty and professional staff

FiscalFiscal Grant and contract funding increased from $7M to $28M annuallyGrant and contract funding increased from $7M to $28M annually 26% budget growth with decreased state and federal appropriations26% budget growth with decreased state and federal appropriations Increased ag faculty salaries from 13th of 13 in Southern region to 5th of 13 Increased ag faculty salaries from 13th of 13 in Southern region to 5th of 13

in 5 years Increased rate of technology transfer approximately 3-foldin 5 years Increased rate of technology transfer approximately 3-fold