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SW-846 Update VI Revision 0 October 2017 Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Understanding the LEAF Approach and How and When to Use It APPENDICES
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Transcript of Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How … · SW-846 Update VI Revision 0 October...
SW-846 Update VI Revision 0 October 2017
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Understanding the LEAF Approach and How and When to Use It
APPENDICES
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Table of Contents ii
Table of Contents
Appendix A: Leaching Methods in the U.S. and European Union ........................................................................ A-1 Appendix B: Full Graphical LEAF Results for Case Studies (Section 5)............................................................. B-1
B.1 Case Study I: Evaluating Coal Combustion Fly Ash for Use as Construction Fill Material ..................... B-2
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix A:Leaching Methods in the U.S. and European Union A-1
Appendix A: Leaching Methods in the U.S. and European Union
Table A-1. U.S. and European Leaching Tests
Analogous European Methods
Test Type U.S. EPA Method
Soil, sediments, compost and
sludge
Waste Mining waste Construction products
pH dependence test 1313 ISO/TS 21268-4a EN 14429b
- EN 14997 -
Percolation test 1314 ISO/TS 21268-3a CEN/TS 14405 FprCEN/TS 16637-3a
- NEN 7373 - NEN 7373 NEN 7374a - NEN 7374a
Monolith test 1315 - PrEN 15863 - CEN/TS 16637-2a - NEN 7375 - NEN 7375 - NVN 7376a - NVN 7376a
Compacted granular test 1315 - NEN 7347 - CEN/TS 16637-2a
L/S dependence test 1316 No European equivalent
Redox capacity N/A - CEN/TS 16660 - - Acid rock drainage N/A EN 15875 Reactive surfaces N/A EN ISO 12782 pts 1-5 Vienna - -
Source: van der Sloot et al. (2015) a Test is applicable to organic constituents b Not yet adopted in the CEN/TC 351 working group for construction products, but highly relevant for the European
Construction Products Regulation (CPR). CEN – European Committee for Standardization; www.cen.eu (accessed 25 Nov. 2016) EN – validated European standard FprCEN/TS – European standard, preliminary technical specification that needs to undergo validation ISO/TS – International standard NEN – Dutch standard (validated) NVN – Dutch preliminary standard (standard without validation) PrEN – European standard, preliminary full EN test method that has undergone validation, in voting for acceptance
by member states (minimal changes anticipated). TS – Technical specification Vienna – Vienna Agreement; ISO standards can be adopted as European standards with the EN-ISO reference
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix A:Leaching Methods in the U.S. and European Union A-2
Table A-2. Online References for Various Leaching Test Methods
Method URL Last Access U.S. EPA Methods 1313, 1314, 1315 and 1316
http://www3.epa.gov/epawaste/hazard/testmethods/sw846/new_meth.htm 20-Nov-2016
EN 14997 http://standards.cen.eu/dyn/www/f?p=204:110:0::::FSP_PROJECT,FSP_ORG_ID:39446,6273&cs=1DF6C4C988FB5E443807EE81C2F0B1229
20-Nov-2016
FprCEN/TS 16637-3 http://standards.cen.eu/dyn/www/f?p=CENWEB:110:0::::FSP_ORG_ID,FSP_PROJECT:510793,34858&cs=19FA1DFBB93378D5502AB79E8A707343E
20-Nov-2016
CEN/TS 16637-2 http://standards.cen.eu/dyn/www/f?p=CENWEB:110:0::::FSP_ORG_ID,FSP_PROJECT:510793,34857&cs=1FC07D076AA7B4CAFA674FA865A0A7F4C
20-Nov-2016
ISO/TS 21268-4 http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=39105
20-Nov-2016
ISO/TS 21268-3 http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=44147
20-Nov-2016
NEN 7373 https://www.nen.nl/NEN-Shop-2/Standard/NEN-73732004-nl.htm 20-Nov-2016
NEN 7375 https://www.nen.nl/NEN-Shop-2/Standard/NEN-73752004-nl.htm 20-Nov-2016
NVN 7376 https://www.nen.nl/NEN-Shop-2/Standard/NVN-73762004-nl.htm 20-Nov-2016
NEN 7347 https://www.nen.nl/NEN-Shop-2/Standard/NEN-73472006-en.htm 20-Nov-2016
PrEN 14405 http://infostore.saiglobal.com/store/details.aspx?ProductID=1762692 20-Nov-2016
EN 15863 http://infostore.saiglobal.com/store/details.aspx?ProductID=1678717 20-Nov-2016
EN ISO 12782-1 EN ISO 12782-2 EN ISO 12782-3 EN ISO 12782-4 EN ISO 12782-5
http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=51697 http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=51698 http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=51699 http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=51700 http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=51701
20-Nov-2016 20-Nov-2016 20-Nov-2016 20-Nov-2016 20-Nov-2016
CEN/TS 16660 http://standards.cen.eu/dyn/www/f?p=204:110:0::::FSP_PROJECT:39665&cs=137E16928DF0300D78675778C7955F973
20-Nov-2016
EN 15875 http://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail/?pid=000000000030271066 20-Nov-2016
EN 14429 http://infostore.saiglobal.com/store/details.aspx?ProductID=1678643 20-Nov-2016
Note: most methods are available to download for a publication fee.
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-1
Appendix B: Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5)
This appendix provides LEAF testing data in graphical and tabular form for the material and constituents discussed in the hypothetical case study (Section 5). Graphical data is presented “as produced” from LeachXS™ Lite with minor modifications to provide consistency in formatting for the data series. Tabular data, including interpolated pH-dependent concentrations, availability determination and leaching assessment over a user-defined pH domain from Method 1313, is “as produced” directly from the reporting features of the LeachXS™ program.
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-2
B.1 Case Study: Evaluating Coal Combustion Fly Ash for Use as Construction Fill Material
Figure B-1. Method 1313 results for a low-carbon coal fly ash (EaFA): Titration curve, antimony, arsenic, barium, boron and cadmium.
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
ANC/
BNC
(mol
/kg-
dry)
pH
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.00001
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Antim
ony
(mg/
L)
pH
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Arse
nic
(mg/
L)
pH
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Bariu
m (
mg/
L)
pH
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Boro
n (m
g/L)
pH
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Cadm
ium
(m
g/L)
pH
0.01100 2 4 6 8101214
EaFA_1313 Natural pH Indicator EaFA_1316 EaFA_1314
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-3
Figure B-2. Method 1313 results for a low-carbon coal fly ash (EaFA): Chromium, lead, molybdenum, selenium and thallium.
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Chro
miu
m (
mg/
L)
pH
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.00001
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Lead
(m
g/L)
pH
DW
LLOQ
MDL0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Mol
ybde
num
(m
g/L)
pH
DW LLOQ
MDL
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Sele
nium
(m
g/L)
pH
DWLLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Thal
lium
(m
g/L)
pH
0.01100 2 4 6 8101214
EaFA_1313 Natural pH Indicator EaFA_1316 EaFA_1314
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-4
Figure B-3. Method 1314 results for a low-carbon coal fly ash (EaFA): Eluate pH, antimony and arsenic.
4
5
6
7
8
0 2 4 6 8 10
pH
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.00001
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Antim
ony
(mg/
L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Sb R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Arse
nic
(mg/
L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.1
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10
As R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.01100 2 4 6 8101214
EaFA_1313 Natural pH Indicator EaFA_1316 EaFA_1314
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-5
Figure B-4. Method 1314 results for a low-carbon coal fly ash (EaFA): Barium, boron and cadmium.
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Bariu
m (
mg/
L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.1
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10
Ba R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
0 2 4 6 8 10
Boro
n (m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10
B Re
leas
e (m
g/kg
-dry
)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Cadm
ium
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Cd R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.01100 2 4 6 8101214
EaFA_1313 Natural pH Indicator EaFA_1316 EaFA_1314
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-6
Figure B-5. Method 1314 results for a low-carbon coal fly ash (EaFA): Chromium, lead and molybdenum.
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Chro
miu
m (
mg/
L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Cr R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.00001
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Lead
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Pb R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10
Mol
ybde
num
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10
Mo
Rele
ase
(mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.01100 2 4 6 8101214
EaFA_1313 Natural pH Indicator EaFA_1316 EaFA_1314
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-7
Figure B-6. Method 1314 results for a low-carbon coal fly ash (EaFA): Selenium and thallium.
DW LLOQ
MDL
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Sele
nium
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.1
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10
Se R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DWLLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Thal
lium
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Tl R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.01100 2 4 6 8101214
EaFA_1313 Natural pH Indicator EaFA_1316 EaFA_1314
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-8
Figure B-7. Method 1316 results for a low-carbon coal fly ash (EaFA): Eluate pH, antimony and arsenic.
4
5
6
7
8
0 2 4 6 8 10
pH
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.00001
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Antim
ony
(mg/
L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Sb R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Arse
nic
(mg/
L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
As R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.01100 2 4 6 8101214
EaFA_1313 Natural pH Indicator EaFA_1316 EaFA_1314
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-9
Figure B-8. Method 1316 results for a low-carbon coal fly ash (EaFA): Barium, boron and cadmium.
DW
LLOQ
MDL0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Bariu
m (
mg/
L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Ba R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10
Boro
n (m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10
B Re
leas
e (m
g/kg
-dry
)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Cadm
ium
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Cd R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.01100 2 4 6 8101214
EaFA_1313 Natural pH Indicator EaFA_1316 EaFA_1314
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-10
Figure B-9. Method 1316 results for a low-carbon coal fly ash (EaFA): Chromium, lead and molybdenum.
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Chro
miu
m (
mg/
L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Cr R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.00001
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Lead
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.00001
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Pb R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10
Mol
ybde
num
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10
Mo
Rele
ase
(mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.01100 2 4 6 8101214
EaFA_1313 Natural pH Indicator EaFA_1316 EaFA_1314
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-11
Figure B-10. Method 1316 results for a low-carbon coal fly ash (EaFA): Selenium and thallium.
DW LLOQ
MDL
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Sele
nium
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Se R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DWLLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Thal
lium
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Tl R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.01100 2 4 6 8101214
EaFA_1313 Natural pH Indicator EaFA_1316 EaFA_1314
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-12
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-13
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-14
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-15
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-16
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-17
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-18
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Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-24
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Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-30
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Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-38
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-39
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-40
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-41
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-42
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-43
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-44
Figure B-11. Method 1313 results for a high-carbon coal fly ash (CaFA): Titration curve, antimony, arsenic, barium, boron and cadmium.
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
ANC/
BNC
(mol
/kg-
dry)
pH
DWLLOQ
MDL
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Antim
ony
(mg/
L)
pH
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Arse
nic
(mg/
L)
pH
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Bari
um (
mg/
L)
pH
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Boro
n (m
g/L)
pH
DWLLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Cadm
ium
(m
g/L)
pH
LLOQCaFA_1313 CaFA_1313 (Interpolated) CaFA_1314 CaFA_1316
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-45
Figure B-12. Method 1313 results for a high-carbon coal fly ash (CaFA): Chromium, lead, molybdenum, selenium and thallium.
DW
LLOQ
MDL0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Chro
miu
m (
mg/
L)
pH
DW
LLOQ
MDL0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Lead
(m
g/L)
pH
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Mol
ybde
num
(m
g/L)
pH
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Sele
nium
(m
g/L)
pH
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Thal
lium
(m
g/L)
pH
LLOQCaFA_1313 CaFA_1313 (Interpolated) CaFA_1314 CaFA_1316
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-46
Figure B-13. Method 1314 results for a low-carbon coal fly ash (CaFA): Eluate pH, antimony and arsenic.
11
11.5
12
12.5
13
0 2 4 6 8 10
pH
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Antim
ony
(mg/
L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Sb R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Arse
nic
(mg/
L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10
As R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
LLOQCaFA_1313 CaFA_1313 (Interpolated) CaFA_1314 CaFA_1316
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-47
Figure B-14. Method 1314 results for a low-carbon coal fly ash (CaFA): Barium, boron and cadmium.
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
0 2 4 6 8 10
Bari
um (
mg/
L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
10
100
1000
0 2 4 6 8 10
Ba R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10
Boro
n (m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
1
10
100
1000
0 2 4 6 8 10
B R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Cadm
ium
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.00001
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Cd R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
LLOQCaFA_1313 CaFA_1313 (Interpolated) CaFA_1314 CaFA_1316
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-48
Figure B-15. Method 1314 results for a low-carbon coal fly ash (CaFA): Chromium, lead and molybdenum.
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Chro
miu
m (
mg/
L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Cr R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DWLLOQ
MDL
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Lead
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Pb R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Mol
ybde
num
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.1
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10
Mo
Rel
ease
(m
g/kg
-dry
)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
LLOQCaFA_1313 CaFA_1313 (Interpolated) CaFA_1314 CaFA_1316
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-49
Figure B-16. Method 1314 results for a low-carbon coal fly ash (CaFA): Selenium and thallium.
DW
LLOQMDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Sele
nium
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Se R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Thal
lium
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Tl R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
LLOQCaFA_1313 CaFA_1313 (Interpolated) CaFA_1314 CaFA_1316
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-50
Figure B-17. Method 1316 results for a high-carbon coal fly ash (CaFA): Eluate pH, antimony and arsenic.
11
11.5
12
12.5
13
0 2 4 6 8 10
pH
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Antim
ony
(mg/
L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Sb R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Arse
nic
(mg/
L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
As R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
LLOQCaFA_1313 CaFA_1313 (Interpolated) CaFA_1314 CaFA_1316
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-51
Figure B-18. Method 1316 results for a high-carbon coal fly ash (CaFA): Barium, boron and cadmium.
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Bari
um (
mg/
L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10
Ba R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10
Boro
n (m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
10
100
1000
0 2 4 6 8 10
B R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DWLLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Cadm
ium
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Cd R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
LLOQCaFA_1313 CaFA_1313 (Interpolated) CaFA_1314 CaFA_1316
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-52
Figure B-19. Method 1316 results for a high-carbon coal fly ash (CaFA): Chromium, lead and molybdenum.
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Chro
miu
m (
mg/
L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Chro
miu
m (
mg/
L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DWLLOQ
MDL
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Lead
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Pb R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10
Mol
ybde
num
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
1
10
100
0 2 4 6 8 10
Mo
Rel
ease
(m
g/kg
-dry
)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
LLOQCaFA_1313 CaFA_1313 (Interpolated) CaFA_1314 CaFA_1316
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-53
Figure B-20. Method 1316 results for a high-carbon coal fly ash (CaFA): Selenium and thallium.
DW
LLOQMDL
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Sele
nium
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.1
1
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Se R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
DW
LLOQ
MDL
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Thal
lium
(m
g/L)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
0.001
0.01
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10
Tl R
elea
se (
mg/
kg-d
ry)
L/S (L/kg-dry)
LLOQCaFA_1313 CaFA_1313 (Interpolated) CaFA_1314 CaFA_1316
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-54
Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) How-To Guide Appendix Appendix B:Graphical and Tabular LEAF Results for Case Study (Section 5) B-55
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