LE CORBUSIER

Le Corbusier" (from the french "le corbeau" or the raven) was the pseudonym of Charles-Edouard Jeanneret

Le Corbusier is not only an architect, but also a city planner, sculptor, writer and furniture designer.

• After studying architecture in his hometown the young Jeanneretrejected the provincial atmosphere of Chaux-de-Fonds, traveling to Italy then on to Budapest and Vienna. He finally came to Paris, where he spent time working for August Perret, then learned German in order to work in the Berlin office of Peter Behrens, the proto-modernist who is often cited as the first ever industrial designer thanks to his work for AEG.

DOM-INO HOUSE

After a further period of travel around the Balkans and Greece, Jeanneret returned to Chaux-de-Fonds to teach and remained there throughout the First World War. In 1914–15 he developed his first major theoretical work, the Dom-Ino house: a reinforced concrete frame which he posited as a mass production system for free-plan housing.

Five Points Of Architecture

• Raise the building on “pilotis,” freeing the walls of their structural function.

• With the walls freed of their structural role, a free plan should be employed.

• Similarly, the facade should be designed freely.

• The horizontal ribbon window, enabled by the free facade, should be used to light rooms evenly.

• The roof should be flat and host a roof garden, replacing the ground space that is occupied by the building.

VİLLA SAVOYE

• In 1927 Le Corbusier published a series of architectural principles in his magazine L'Esprit Nouveau and in the essay collection Versune architecture, which he used as the basis for his designs. The most famous example of the application of the "Five Points of a New Architecture" is the villa Savoye in Poissy, France.

1.The Pilotis

• Pilotis means columns.

• It helped to redefine to house as a matter of form and function.

• Reinforced concrete gave us the pilotis.

• It raised the building in the air,far from the soil, with gardens stretching beneath the building.

• For e.g Villa Savoye,Poissy in France in 1929

• Pilotis usually served as an element of dramatization and visual isolation.

2.The Roof Garden

• Usually known as hanging garden.

• First realization of this idea was in the small house that the Architect built for his parent on Lake Geneva in 1923 is described in hymnal tone.

• Reinforced concrete made the structurally homogeneous roof possible.

• Reason of Technique , Economy and Comfort lead to the adoption of the Roof Terrace and The Roof Garden.

• The Roof Garden often equipped for sports,emulatesthe 'condition of nature' in Human Habitat.

3.The Floor Plan

• Reinforced concrete brought the innovation of the free plan in which the inretıors were no longer the rigidly determined by the Structural Walls, they had become free.

• In Paris, the Principle has been beautifully demonstrated byPerret’s Apartment House.

• Le Corbuiser suggested a complete independence of structuralsupport Architectural ‘Infill’

• He used sliding walls that divide the living room into threebedrooms at night.

4.The Elongated Window

• Le Corbusier’s obsession with the form of thefacade long Windows that is totaly independent of structure.

• Its no surprise that the Architect once againproduced a scientific demonstration in order toprove the superiority of the new window type.

• For example, on an intimate scale on the upperfloor of the Villa Vaucresson and in the JeanneretHouse on Lake Geneva.

5.The Free Façade

• Pillars retreated from the facade to theinside of the house i.e the Facadebecame no more than Light Membrane.

• Concist of Isolating Walls or Windows.

• Facade was now free and the Windows could extend without interruption fromone end to the other.

MODULOR

• Le Corbusier developed the Modulor in 1943, and the first volume of his study of it was published in 1950. From the Unité d'Habitation in Marseilles (completed 1952) onwards, Corbusier applied the Modulor to his buildings, including the government complexes he built in Chandigarh, India, and his rural retreatThis Modulor Man is segmented according the "golden section", a ratio of approximately 1.61; so the ratio of the total height of the figure to the height to the figure's navel is 1.61. These proportions can be scaled up or down to infinity using a Fibonacci progression. In devising this system, Corbusier was joining a 2000-year-old hunt for the mathematical architecture of the universe, a search that had obsessed Pythagoras, Vitruvius and Leonardo Da Vinci

Le Corbusier

UNITE’D HABITATION

• It was the time when Europe was rising from thesmouldering funeral pyre of and its newlyliberated people were to establish someprogramme direction of new life.

• Le Corbusier had a revolutionaryevent,sun,space and greenery was developedher.

• To understand to change of mind of the peoplearound.

• It has an east West orientation.

• It is 450’ long, 80’ wide and 185’ high

NOTRE - DAME DU HAUT

• Notre-Dame Du Haut is situated on southernFoothills of the Vosges.

• Le Corbusier tackled the problem first of allas a matter of ‘pure’ space.

• İn this context, Le Corbusier himself spokeof landscape acoustics thus creating an echo in the hall.

• The roof is independent of walls.

• It creates a strong tension between theindoors and out doors.

PAVILLION LE CORBUSIER

• Iconic for its floating steel roof and brightly colored panels, the Pavillon Le Corbusier is the last building Le Corbusier designed before his death in 1965. Completed in 1967, the building stands as a testament to Corbusier’s renaissance genius as an architect, painter, and sculptor. It does so both intentionally, as it is an exhibition space for his life’s work, and naturally, as it is a building masterfully designed. Interestingly, the building diverges in some ways from the style responsible for his renown – concrete, stone, uniform repetition, etc. It celebrates the use of steel, with which he explored prefabrication and assembly, and a freedom through modularity, in which the plan is completely open but infinitely adaptable.

References

• www.slideshare.net

• www.archdaily.com

• www.wired.com

Ahmetcan SAKARTEPE

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