LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then...
-
Upload
annis-harrison -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
1
Transcript of LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then...
![Page 1: LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then reading Then writing How do we teach programming? Learn.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649f265503460f94c3cb7a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
LBSC 690
Session 4Programming
![Page 2: LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then reading Then writing How do we teach programming? Learn.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649f265503460f94c3cb7a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
LanguagesHow do we learn a language?
Learn by listeningThen reading Then writing
How do we teach programming?Learn to write firstContributes to programming problems
![Page 3: LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then reading Then writing How do we teach programming? Learn.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649f265503460f94c3cb7a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Programming LanguagesPrograms are written in a programming language.Two types:
Procedural and non-procedural (declarative).
Are artificial languages.
![Page 4: LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then reading Then writing How do we teach programming? Learn.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649f265503460f94c3cb7a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Artificial LanguagesConsist of:A set of symbols (an alphabet)A vocabulary
Controlled segment (an authority list)A user-defined segment
SyntaxSemantics
![Page 5: LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then reading Then writing How do we teach programming? Learn.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649f265503460f94c3cb7a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Levels of Languages“Low” to “high”Machine language
Lowest levelAll languages must be translated into this to run on the computerUnique to each platform
Next level:Assembler
![Page 6: LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then reading Then writing How do we teach programming? Learn.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649f265503460f94c3cb7a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Levels (Cont’d)Higher Level Languages:
Basic, Pascal, C, Fortran, Cobol, Visual Basic, Visual C, etc.
Fourth Generation Languages:NOMAD, QBE, etc.
Object Oriented Languages:Smalltalk, C++, Java.
![Page 7: LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then reading Then writing How do we teach programming? Learn.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649f265503460f94c3cb7a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Software ToolsFacilitate writing programs:Compilers & Interpreters.Software Development Environments.
![Page 8: LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then reading Then writing How do we teach programming? Learn.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649f265503460f94c3cb7a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Anatomy of a Web Presentation
The Web PresentationA collection of one or more Web pages
The Web SiteA system on the Internet containing one or more Web presentations
A Web pageSingle element of a Web presentation; contained in a single disk file
Home pageEntry point for a Web presentation
![Page 9: LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then reading Then writing How do we teach programming? Learn.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649f265503460f94c3cb7a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
What is HTML?HyperText Markup Language.
Based on Standard Generalized Markup Language (STML).Developed by Tim Berners-Lee
Describes the structure of a document.
Not its presentation.Does not describe page layout.
Designed to be used cross-platform.
![Page 10: LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then reading Then writing How do we teach programming? Learn.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649f265503460f94c3cb7a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
HTML is a Markup Language
Start with text and add special tags around words and paragraphs.Tags indicate different parts of a page and produce different effects in the browser.HTML has a given, defined set of tags.
Users cannot create their own.
![Page 11: LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then reading Then writing How do we teach programming? Learn.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649f265503460f94c3cb7a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
HTML VersionsHTML 2.0.
Base set of tags.
HTML 3.2.Second release.
HTML 4.0.Current generation.Includes new features for flexibility.
HTML 4.01.Has corrections for 4.0.
![Page 12: LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then reading Then writing How do we teach programming? Learn.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649f265503460f94c3cb7a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
What do HTML Files look like?
Contain:Text of page itself,HTML tags indicating page elements, structure, formatting and hypertext links to other pages or to included media.
Look at HTML sources.For example, with Netscape use:
![Page 13: LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then reading Then writing How do we teach programming? Learn.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649f265503460f94c3cb7a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Creating PageUse a text editor.
Saves files in ASCII format.In Unix, pico is a text editor,In Windows, Notepad and DOS Edit are text editors.
View your created page with a browser.
![Page 14: LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then reading Then writing How do we teach programming? Learn.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649f265503460f94c3cb7a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
TagsAll text and HTML commands require beginning and ending HTML tags:<HTML>… your page…</HTML> {The forward slash indicates
the end.}.This tag indicates that the content of this file is in HTML.
![Page 15: LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then reading Then writing How do we teach programming? Learn.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649f265503460f94c3cb7a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Tags (Cont’d.)<HEAD> tag:
Specifies that the lines in it are prologue, e.g., the title:
<TITLE>.
<BODY> tag:Encloses the remainder of the text
and other contents (links, pictures, etc).
<H1> tags are Headings that divide sections of text.(Can be up to 6 levels).
![Page 16: LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then reading Then writing How do we teach programming? Learn.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649f265503460f94c3cb7a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Tags (Cont’d).<P> tags indicate paragraphs.HTML defines five kinds of lists:
Numbered lists: <LI>.Bulleted or ,unordered, lists: <UL>.Glossary lists: <DL>.Menu lists: <MENU>.
Comments: <!-- This is a comment.-->.
![Page 17: LBSC 690 Session 4 Programming. Languages How do we learn a language? Learn by listening Then reading Then writing How do we teach programming? Learn.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649f265503460f94c3cb7a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Sources of Help for HTMLSpecifications: www.w3.org/TR/hrml401/cover.html.A Beginner’s Guide to HTML:www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/General/Internet/WWW/HTMLPrimer.html.Laura Lemay,Teach yourself Web Publishing with HTML 4 in a Week, Fourth Edition,SamsNet.1997.Ed Tittel, HTML for Dummies, IDG Books, 1997.