Layering, Colors, Themes, Grid Layouts MB2030 – CLASS...

MB2030 – CLASS 5Layering, Colors, Themes, Grid Layouts

Layering

InDesign supports layers, both for Master Pages, and for standard pages.

Master Page layers can be perpetuated throughout a document, while standard page layers are contained to the individual pages.

Layers can be names and color coded for easy identification.

Master Pages

An “underlying” page or set of pages that can contain guides, graphics, headers, folios, margins, frames, etc. which can be repeated throughout a document.

Used to ease repetitive document layouts and/or for design consistency.

Useful mainly in multi-page documents Simple docs usually don’t need a master page

Adding Master Pages

All docs have 2 Master Pages by default “none” page A-Master Page

Both initially blank Others can be added via the

flyout (aka wing or options) menu

Adding Master Pages

Secondary Master Pages can be unique, with no references to previous Master pages.

They can alternatively be based on a previous Master page (cascading), and therefore carry that Master pages graphics, etc. as well as can add unique material.

Both the Prefix (“A”, “B”, etc.) and the name (“Master”) can be changed to something more descriptive. The prefix is limited to 4 characters and

is used for automatic page numbering and other sectioning functions

Note the letter in the corner, indicating from which Master page it is displaying material

Applying Master Pages

The “A” master is applied by default to new pages

To apply a new master, create, then select pages Right-click, then select “Apply

Master to Pages…” to change or apply a different Master (or a “none”, indicating no Master is applied) to a page

Master Page Elements

Master Pages can contain various objects Text frames Shapes Images Etc.

Also used for incremental elements like section headings and page numbers

Adding Numbers to Master Pages

Add a text frame to Master Page Can be customized with text “Page…”, “#...” etc.

Insert Auto-Text Numbering Symbol OPT+SHIFT+CMD+N Under TYPE menu > Insert Special

Character Markers > Current Page Number

Character will be “A” if on Master “A”• “B” if on Master “B” etc. whatever the

prefix is

Prefix

AA

1

1

22

Standard page layers

1

2

Master page layers

Layer 1

Layer 2

Layer 31

2

1

2

A

1

2

Color Schemes and ThemesOr, why ♥ ♥ ♥ should be RED instead of ♥ ♥ ♥ like ♣ ♣ ♣

Color Schemes and Themes

http://thelogocompany.net/blog/infographics/psychology-color-logo-design/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/brian-honigman/psychology-color-design-infographic_b_2516608.html?utm_hp_ref=tw

For example, restaurants like McDonalds, Pizza Hut, KFC, Wendy's and Popeyes use red in their logos to stimulate hunger.

Black, white, silver and gold are often used in the logos of luxury brands like Chanel, Prada, Michael Kors and others to enhance the feeling of sophistication.

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/brian-honigman/psychology-color-design-infographic_b_2516608.html?utm_hp_ref=tw

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/brian-honigman/psychology-color-design-infographic_b_2516608.html?utm_hp_ref=tw


http://www.realfront.co.uk/front-of-house-colour-palettes/http://www.personallogodesigner.com/color-personal-logo-design/colours-meanings-in-personal-logo-design/

http://www.realfront.co.uk/front-of-house-colour-palettes/

http://www.personallogodesigner.com/color-personal-logo-design/colours-meanings-in-personal-logo-design/

Monochromatic The monochromatic color scheme uses variations in lightness and saturation of a

single color. This scheme looks clean and elegant. Monochromatic colors go well together, producing a soothing effect. The

monochromatic scheme is very easy on the eyes, especially with blue or green hues. You can use it to establish an overall mood. The primary color can be integrated with

neutral colors such as black, white, or gray. However, it can be difficult, when using this scheme, to highlight the most important elements. Pros: The monochromatic scheme is easy to manage, and always looks balanced and visually appealing. Cons: This scheme lacks color contrast. It is not as vibrant as the complementary scheme.

Tip: Use tints, shades, and tones of the key color to enhance the scheme.


http://www.tigercolor.com/color-lab/color-theory/color-harmonies.htmhttp://www.color-wheel-pro.com/color-schemes.html

http://www.tigercolor.com/color-lab/color-theory/color-harmonies.htm

http://www.color-wheel-pro.com/color-schemes.html

Complementary Colors that are opposite each other on the color wheel are considered to be complementary colors

(example: red and green). The high contrast of complementary colors creates a vibrant look especially when used at full saturation.

This color scheme must be managed well so it is not jarring. Complementary colors are tricky to use in large doses, but work well when you want something to stand out. Complementary colors are really bad for text.

Pros: The complementary color scheme offers stronger contrast than any other color scheme, and draws maximum attention. Cons: This scheme is harder to balance than monochromatic and analogous schemes, especially when desaturated warm colors are used.

Tips: 1. For best results, place cool colors against warm ones, for example, blue versus orange. 2. If you use a warm color (red or yellow) as an accent, you can desaturate the opposite cool colors to put more emphasis on the warm

colors. 3. Avoid using desaturated warm colors (e.g. browns or dull yellows). 4. Try the split complementary scheme; it is similar to the complementary scheme but offers more variety.





Analogous/Adjacent Analogous color schemes use colors that are next to each other on the color wheel. They

usually match well and create serene and comfortable designs. Analogous color schemes are often found in nature and are harmonious and pleasing to the eye. Make sure you have enough contrast when choosing an analogous color scheme. Choose one color to dominate, a second to support. The third color is used (along with black,

white or gray) as an accent. Pros: The analogous color scheme is as easy to create as the monochromatic, but looks richer. Cons: The analogous color scheme lacks color contrast. It is not as vibrant as the complementary scheme.

Tip 1. Avoid using too many hues in the analogous scheme, because this may ruin the harmony. Tip 2. Avoid combining warm and cool colors in this scheme.





Triad A triadic color scheme uses colors that are evenly spaced around the color wheel. Triadic color harmonies tend to be quite vibrant, even if you use pale or unsaturated versions of

your hues. To use a triadic harmony successfully, the colors should be carefully balanced - let one color

dominate and use the two others for accent. Pros: The triadic color scheme offers high contrast while retaining harmony. Cons: The triadic color scheme is not as contrasting as the complementary scheme.

Tips: 1. Choose one color to be used in larger amounts than others. 2. If the colors look gaudy, try to subdue them.



Rectangle (tetrad) The rectangle or tetradic color scheme uses four colors arranged into two complementary pairs. This rich color scheme offers plenty of possibilities for variation. The tetradic color scheme works best if you let one color be dominant. You should also pay attention to the balance between warm and cool colors in your design.

Pros: The tetradic scheme offers more color variety than any other scheme. Cons: This scheme is the hardest scheme to balance.

Tips: 1. If the scheme looks unbalanced, try to subdue one or more colors. 2. Avoid using pure colors in equal amounts.





Split-Complementary The split-complementary color scheme is a variation of the complementary color scheme. In

addition to the base color, it uses the two colors adjacent to its complement. This color scheme has the same strong visual contrast as the complementary color scheme, but

has less tension. The split-complimentary color scheme is often a good choice for beginners, because it is difficult

to mess up. Pros: The split complementary scheme offers more nuances than the complementary scheme while retaining strong

visual contrast. Cons: The split complementary scheme is harder to balance than monochromatic and analogous color schemes.

Tips: 1. Use a single warm color against a range of cool colors to put an emphasis on the warm color (red versus blues and

blue-greens, or orange versus blues and blue-violets). 2. Avoid using desaturated warm colors (e.g. browns or dull yellows), because this may ruin the scheme.





Square The square color scheme is similar to the rectangle, but with all four

colors spaced evenly around the color circle. The square color scheme works best if you let one color be dominant. You should also pay attention to the balance between warm and cool

colors in your design.




Ultimately, color themes should be balanced by the “rules” but adjusted by the designer for:

• maximum accompaniment of the supporting elements, • purposeful communication of the design, • and for the overall harmony of the artistic esthetic.

In graphic design, a grid is a structure (usually two-dimensional) made up of a series of intersecting straight (vertical, horizontal, and angular) or curved guide lines used to structure content.

The grid serves as an armature on which a designer can organize graphic elements (images, glyphs, paragraphs) in a rational, easy to absorb manner.

A grid can be used to organize graphic elements in relation to a page, in relation to other graphic elements on the page, or relation to other parts of the same graphic element or shape.

Grid Systems

Grid Systems

http://www.markboulton.co.uk/journal/five-simple-steps-to-designing-grid-systems-part-1

The grid system in graphic design is a way of organizing content on a page, using any combination of margins, guides, rows and columns. It is commonly seen in newspaper and magazine layout with columns of text and images. One grid, or a collection of grids, may be used across an entire project to achieve a consistent look and feel. In a finished product, the grid is invisible, but following it helps in creating successful print and web layouts.

http://www.markboulton.co.uk/journal/five-simple-steps-to-designing-grid-systems-part-1

A graphic-design grid is a bit like magic (now you see it, now you don’t) sets of intersecting lines that help the designer decide where to put things, but that generally no one else sees.

The benefits of using a grid are manifold, ranging from the psychological to the functional, and, of course, the aesthetic. The grid embodies all the contradictions that designers struggle with.

This is the designer’s very own enigma code that can elevate design discourse to that of a science, and eradicate the creative block by "virtually" filling the blank page.

Grid Systems

Grid Layouts

A grid subdivides a page vertically and horizontally into margins, columns, inter-column spaces, lines of type, and spaces between blocks of type and images.

These subdivisions form the basis of a modular and systematic approach to the layout, particularly for multipage documents, making the design process quicker, and ensuring visual consistency between related pages.

Grid Systems

There are two main types of layouts: vertical or landscape.

There are also only two types of grids. One that has an even number of columns and one that has an odd number of columns.

Grid Systems

http://www.designersinsights.com/designer-resources/using-layout-grids-effectively


An experienced designer knows that a specific style of design can only be achieved by an odd number of columns, or alternatively, by using an even number of columns.

Grid Systems



The Golden Spiral is based on the Golden Ratio (1:1.618) while the Fibonacci Spiral is a spiral based on the Fibonacci Sequence. Both are very similar, and can be used as a compositional tool.

The Golden Ratio is also known as the divine proportion. In mathematics and the arts, two quantities are in the Golden Ratio if the ratio of the sum of the quantities to the larger quantity is equal to the ratio of the larger quantity to the smaller one. Also In mathematics the Fibonacci Sequence are 0 and 1, and each subsequent number is the sum of the previous two: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 55, 89,144, etc.

The Golden Ratio and the Fibonacci Sequence

The Golden Spiral The Fibonacci Spiral



Grid Systems

http://markboulton.co.uk/journal/five-simple-steps-to-designing-grid-systems-part-2 http://www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/golden-ratio.htmlhttp://mathworld.wolfram.com/GoldenRatio.html

Use of the Golden Ratio imbues a design with the balance often found in Nature, and the ratio has been used in geometry, art, and architecture for thousands of years.

1.618 1

http://www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/golden-ratio.html


http://mathworld.wolfram.com/GoldenRatio.html

The sectioning lines should be drawn from bottom corners to top left/right corners, as shown. On a standard 8.5” x 11” letter sized document, this would yield top/bottom margins of 1”, and inside/outside margins of 0.75” and 1.5” respectively.

Grid Systems


Draw imaginary lines as shown;


The golden ratio, also known as the divine proportion, golden mean, or golden section, is a number often encountered when taking the ratios of distances in simple geometric figures such as the pentagon, pentagram, decagon and dodecahedron. It is denoted phi ϕ, or sometimes tau τ.

Grid Systems


1.618 1




Left page column guide = 1.5” (margin) + 3.76 (3.86-0.1) = 5.26 Set gutter to right-hand side of guide

Right page column guide = 17 (page width) – 1.5 – 3.76 = 11.74 Set gutter to left-hand side of guide

Grid Systems


9” x 6.25” area 1.616:1 (2 column) 3.86:2.39 - 0.2” gutter 3.76+.2+2.29=6.25

1.618 1

http://www.miniwebtool.com/golden-section-calculator/




http://www.miniwebtool.com/golden-section-calculator/

Ideally, grid design is about pure applied mathematics… in reality, it is more art than science, and while ratios and such should be kept in mind, the ultimate goal is communication and presentation, not precise calculations.

Grid Systems


Using the given conditions, the hang line would be at 3.675”

1.618 1




This rule is used by professional photographers the world over. The rule of thirds works by splitting an image into thirds, so you end up

with 9 equal sections, then simply place your main subject where the lines intersect.

Rule of Thirds



In addition to creating vertical zones with the columns of the grid, you can also divide the page horizontally.

For example, an area across the top can be reserved for images and captions, and body text can “hang” from a common line.

Graphic designers call this a hang line. In architecture, a horizontal reference point like this is known as a datum.

Grid Systems

http://www.thinkingwithtype.com/contents/grid/



A modular grid has consistent horizontal divisions from top to bottom in addition to vertical divisions from left to right.

These modules govern the placement and cropping of pictures as well as text.

In the 1950s and 1960s, Swiss graphic designers including Gerstner, Ruder, and Müller-Brockmann devised modular grid systems like the one shown here.


As per the previous research for the themed poster series, here are the parameters of the A2 assignment: 4x similarly themed flyers (double sided), to be used to promote an event (see notes for

details). Any size is fine, although 8x10 (full bleed) or letter size is recommended. Must include a GUIDE sheet with the following (the idea is that if another version were to be

created by someone else, what info would be helpful): Fonts used, with families, point sizes, colors, kerning, leading, etc. for EACH use ( 2-3 max.) Main colors used – 5 max. (CMYK values only – no spot colors!) Color scheme use (where/how the colors are used, which shapes, fonts, etc.) Specific graphic uses (corners are all 18°, rules are all 2pt black 50% blue shadow, angles are all 38°, etc.) SIMPLE Grid System: Positioning references and guide line information – where/how your graphics/text are placed.

Package your work, ZIP/compress your files, upload before next class on Tuesday YourName_MB2030-S1-A2.zip

Homework

Must use two or more connecting themes: artwork/photography typography/content arrangement color scheme graphic layout/design

Homework

artwork/photography typography/content arrangement color scheme graphic layout/design

color scheme typography/content arrangementgraphic layout/design artwork/photography

1

2

Layering, Colors, Themes, Grid Layouts MB2030 – CLASS...

Documents

Transcript of Layering, Colors, Themes, Grid Layouts MB2030 – CLASS...