Latest Developments in Open Access
-
Upload
matthew-cockerill -
Category
Health & Medicine
-
view
3.691 -
download
4
description
Transcript of Latest Developments in Open Access
Latest Developments in Open Access
Matthew CockerillManaging Director, BioMed Central
What’s new in Open Access
Peter Suber’s SPARC Open Access newsletter includes a roundup of the 137 most important OA developments - in November…
I will focus just on OA publishing
More, more, more…
More open access mandates More open access publishers More central open access funds More impact factors for OA journals More evidence that open access is a
viable business model
Traditional research publishing
The research community transfers rights to the publisher
The publisher covers costs by selling access to the content
Open Access research publishing
No barriers to access The publisher does not
acquire exclusive rights Typically the publisher is
paid for the service of publication
A quick refresher on the open access publishing model
About BioMed Central
Largest publisher of peer-reviewed open access journals
Launched first open access journal in 2000 Now publishes >190 OA titles >44,000 peer reviewed OA articles published All research articles published under Creative
Commons licence Costs covered by 'article processing charge'
(APC)
Revenue streams for OA publishers like BioMed Central
Publication fees Subscriptions to non-research
content (e.g. reviews) Advertising/sponsorship Services
Revenue streams for OA publishers like BioMed Central
Publication fees Subscriptions to non-research
content (e.g. reviews) Advertising/sponsorship Services
OA publication fees
BioMed Central $780-$2100 Public Library of Science $1300-
$2850 Hindawi $300-$1250 Company of Biologists $3100 Oxford University Press $3000 Royal Society ~$3000 Springer $3000 Taylor & Francis $3250 Wiley $3000
How do OA publication fees get paid?
Many authors pay out of grant funds Some funders provide dedicated funds Some institutions cover costs for their
researchers centrally Some OA journals are centrally supported
and have no author-facing fees
BioMed Central journals which do not charge author fees
Chinese Medicine Chiropractic & Osteopathy Italian Journal of Pediatrics Journal of Biomedical Science Journal of Brachial Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Injury Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research Journal of the International AIDS Society Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and
Emergency Medicine Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation, Therapy &
Technology
BioMed Central’s institutional payment options
Prepay membership– Institution pays funds into a deposit account– Article Processing Charge is covered by funds from
account– Discount depending on deposit amount– Author does not have to pay– Simplified administration/reporting
Supporter membership– Institution pays a flat fee– Author pays a discounted Article Processing Charge
Membership at other OA publishers
Membership at other OA publishers
How are BioMed Central OA fees being paid?
30% Prepay members
15% Individual APCs (Supporter members)
50% Individual APCs (Non-members)
5% Waivers
Funders and OA
NIH policy became mandatory in January 2008
Compliance has increased from 4% to more than 60%
About 28,000 author manuscripts have already been made available under the policy
UK PubMed Central funders
Predates NIH policy by a year, but author compliance lower (<50%)
Covers about 80% of biomedical funding in UK
Europe
European Research Council FP7 Open Access Pilot SOAP – a research project
on OA business models funded as part of FP7
High Energy Physics - SCOAP3
Institutions and OA
Harvard: Office of Scholarly Communications
Examples of central institutional funds for Open Access publication fees
Aarhus Berkeley Calgary Harvard
(part of plan for Office of Scholarly Communication)
Max Planck Nottingham
Impact Factors
Which have been Biomed Central’s most rapidly growing journals
BMC Genomics
0100200300400500600700800900
1000
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
BMC Developmental Biology
0
50
100
150
200
250
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Genome Biology
0
200
400
600
800
1000
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
BMC Evolutionary Biology
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Malaria Journal
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
What do these journals have in common?
Official Impact Factors
Impact Factors increasingly help Open Access journals
Impact Factors initially made things tough for new OA journals
But 45 BioMed Central journals now have official Impact Factors
A major driver of growth
Manuscript submissions continue to grow rapidly
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Su
bm
issi
on
s (r
olli
ng
28
da
ys)
Breakdown of submission growth by journal type
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Sub
mis
sion
s (q
uart
erly
)
Other journals
Independent journals
BMC series
Established journals are switching to open access
Open Access publishing,then and now…
20082000
And more…
OASPA - a new industry association
Goals of OASPA
Represent interests of Open Access publishers as a group
Agree common definition of Open Access Enforce high standards of editorial and
business practice amongst members Establish guidelines for how publishers
and institutions can best manage Open Access publication fees
Springer’s acquisition of BioMed Central
+
Springer acquisition FAQs Will BioMed Central’s policy of open access to all
research continue?Yes – this was an obligatory condition for the deal to gain approval by BioMed Central’s Board of Trustees
Is BioMed Central profitable?Springer bought BioMed Central because it is a healthy publishing business, in a growing sector of the market
Will BioMed Central APCs be increased to Springer Open Choice levels?There are no plans to change BioMed Central’s APC pricing policy as a result of the deal
Springer’s experimental institutional Open Access deals
Several institutions now have licensing deals with Springer allow their authors to select the Open Choice option without additional payment
– Max Planck– UKB (Dutch consortium)– Georg-August University of Goettingen
The University of California says it is negotiating a similar deal with Springer
Conclusions
OA publishing has gone from being an experiment to a proven alternative model
Institutions, funders and existing journals are responding
It will be interesting to see how it all plays out!