Last Day: Blood Vessels C5-a: Identify & give functions for main arteries & veins C5-b: Describe &...
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Transcript of Last Day: Blood Vessels C5-a: Identify & give functions for main arteries & veins C5-b: Describe &...
Last Day: Blood Vessels
C5-a: Identify & give functions for main arteries & veins
C5-b: Describe & differentiate between the 5 vessel types (size, structure, direction of blood)
C5-c: Differentiate between systemic & pulmonary circulatory systems
Today: Blood Vessels
C5-d: Demonstrate knowledge of path of blood cell throughout body
C5-e: Relate blood pressure & velocity to cross-sectional areas of vessels
C5-f: Describe capillary-tissue fluid exchange
Think About It
What materials are being exchanged at the capillary interface?
What materials leave the capillary into the body tissues?
What materials enter the capillary at the body tissues?
Recall that...
• Solutes in solution go from areas of high CONCENTRATION to low
• Water moves from areas of low SOLUTE CONCENTRATION to high (osmotic pressure)
• Fluids & solutes will go from areas of high PRESSURE to areas of low (blood pressure)
5
Blood ENTERS capillary under pressure Pressure forces some fluid & solutes out of the
blood (not red blood cells or large proteins)
6
Most of the fluid is then recaptured by the venule end of the capillary Pressure decreases along the capillary bed Proteins in the blood (ex. albumen) create an osmotic
force that draws fluid back into blood
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Lymphatic system will collect fluid that is not captured and return it to the blood
Think About It
What materials will leave the blood after point X?
Online quizzes + Animations
• http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/cardio2/endothelium.html
• http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/classware/ala.do?isbn=0072956208&alaid=ala_996537&showSelfStudyTree=true
• http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/espv2/data/animals/006/index.html
Think About It
In which vessels is the speed of blood flow the fastest? Why?
In which vessels is the speed of blood flow the slowest? Why?
Think About It
Identify W, X, and Y from the following choices:
Cross sectional area
Blood velocity Blood pressure
• As blood travels further from heart, blood pressure DECREASES
Blood Pressure
• Although capillaries are very tiny in diameter, they are numerous. Therefore, all capillaries together have a far greater cross-sectional area than arteries or veins
Cross-Sectional Area
• Velocity of blood DECREASES with an INCREASE in total cross-sectional area
Blood Velocity
• The velocity of blood flow varies in the vessels– is slowest in the capillary beds as a result of the high
resistance & large total cross-sectional area
Figure 42.11
5,0004,0003,0002,0001,000
0
Aor
ta
Art
erie
s
Art
erio
les
Cap
illar
ies
Ven
ules
Vei
ns
Ven
ae c
avae
Pre
ssur
e (m
m H
g)V
eloc
ity (
cm/s
ec)
Are
a (c
m2)
Systolicpressure
Diastolicpressure
50403020100
120100806040200
C5-e:1) Account for the changes in pressure, velocity, and cross-sectional area
in blood vessels.- pressure in vessels decreases as get further from heart- cross-sectional area is highest in capillaries due to greater number- velocity decreases in arteries as get further away from heart, and is lowest in capillaries (due to a high cross-sectional area) – velocity starts to increase as blood rejoins into veins
2) Explain how pressure and velocity help with tissue fluid exchange at the capillaries.- blood entering capillaries is under high pressure, causing fluids/solutes to diffuse into tissues – as blood continues through capillaries, pressure drops and fluids/solutes diffuse back into blood- velocity slows down in capillaries, allowing more time for exchange
PLO Journal
C5-f: 1) Describe how the capillary is well suited for tissue fluid exchange.
- Capillary walls are only one cell thick- Capillaries are narrow in diameter, keeping RBC’s in close proximity to tissues,
and resistance slows down blood- Capillaries receive blood high in pressure
2) Sketch a diagram at the capillary level to help show how eating salty foods can contribute to high blood pressure.- Diagram should show high concentration of salt in blood (capillaries), which
creates a greater osmotic force to draw water into capillaries, thus increasing blood pressure
3) Describe tissue fluid exchange at the capillary .- Fluids/solutes diffuse out of capillaries due to high blood pressure (which is
greater than the osmotic force to draw fluid into the blood)- As blood pressure decreases, osmotic force is then greater and fluids move
into the capillaries to dilute the high concentration of protein in the blood
PLO Journal