Language in Use Reading Project Culture Tips Homework Warming-up.
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Transcript of Language in Use Reading Project Culture Tips Homework Warming-up.
Language in Use
Reading
Project
Culture Tips
Homework
Warming-up
1. Listen to the song. What is the main message in these lines?
Warming-up
Warming-up
Life
is to
o
short
Have you ever seen the morning? When the sun comes up the shoreAnd the silence teach the beauty for the sound Have you ever set there waiting? For the time to stand still For all the worlds and stars From turning around And you run 'Cause life is too short And you run 'Cause life is too short
Have you ever seen the glory? When the moon is on the rise And the dreams are close To the ones that we love
Warming-up
Have you ever set there waiting? For heaven to give a sign So we could find the place Where angels come from
And you run (and you run) 'Cause life is too short And you run (and you run) 'Cause life is too short
There’s a time that turns Turn back time But I don’t see I can It only works If you believe in the truth
Warming-up
But there’s a time to live And a time to cry But if you’re by my side I will try to catch a star I’ll try to catch a star Just for you And I run Life is too short And I run (and I run) 'Cause life is too short
And I run And I run And I run And I run And I run …
Warming-up
2. Test Your Time Management Skills. YES or NO.
Do you plan tomorrow's work today?
Have you learned to perform routine chores at your daily "low” ebb and creative tasks at your "high" peak?
Do you get unpleasant duties out of the way as soon as possible?
Have you tried a "preview/review": running the day through your head on the way to work or class?
Are you able to deal bluntly with people who waste your time?
Do you know how to log your time - that is, occasionally write down just how long it takes to accomplish each day's tasks?
Warming-up
When you promise you'll get something done on time, do you always try to keep your word?
Do you set aside a portion of each day to think, create and plan?
Is your desk or other workplace or study area tidy? Can you find what you need without wasting time?
Do you have an efficient filing or equipment organization?
Do you know how to choose your most productive tasks?
Do you know exactly what your top priorities are?
Warming-up
Evaluate your score:
If you responded "yes" to 10-12 of the questions above, you handle your time excellently.
If you responded "yes" to 7-9 of the questions, you are good, but still have room to grow.
If you responded "yes" to 6 or below, you are wasting valuable time, and may not even know it.
BACKBACK
Reading
Task 1 Pre-reading ActivitiesTask 1 Pre-reading Activities
Task 2 Reading ComprehensionTask 2 Reading Comprehension
Task 3 After-reading ActivitiesTask 3 After-reading Activities
Pre-reading Activities
Before you read, discuss the following questions in groups.
1. How do you manage your time? If you have a lot of things to do in a day, how will you deal with them?
2. Have you heard about the 80/20 principle before? What does it mean?
BACKBACK
Reading Comprehension
The 80/20 Principle and Time Management
1 In the early part of the 20th century, an economist named Vilfredo Pareto came up with a mathematical system that explained the unequal share of wealth in society. He determined that in most societies, 80 percent of the wealth is almost always held by 20 percent of the population.
2 When the mathematical system was introduced by Pareto, a number of specialists in other fields noticed that it could be applied to different areas as well. By the 1940s, this system came to be known as the 80/20 principle.
Reading Comprehension
3 Over time, it eventually became what is called a universal principle. In a nutshell, the 80/20 principle states that 20 percent of anything will be important while 80 percent will be insignificant. This principle can be applied to virtually anything, whether it is business, economics, or science. The 80/20 principle always works both ways. If you have a warehouse filled with supplies, 20 percent of it will take up 80 percent of the space. If you are the manager of a sales department, the 80/20 principle should tell you that 80 percent of the sales you make will only come from 20 percent of your employees.
Reading Comprehension
4 When it comes to time management, the 80/20 principle states that you will want to focus on 20 percent of the most important things you need to get done. Of all the tasks you will carry out in a single day, only 20 percent of it will be truly relevant. This means that 80 percent of the things you will do are not as important. Your job is to find the 20 percent of tasks which are the most important. If you find that you are not able to complete all the tasks for a given day, you will want to make sure that these tasks do not belong to the 20 percent of the most important things that you need to get done.
Reading Comprehension
5 It should be easy to see why the 80/20 principle is important for time management. If you compare people who are successful with those who are not, you will often find that the unsuccessful people spent most of their time working on tasks that made up the 80 percent. They didn’t put an emphasis on things that made up the 20 percent, or they didn’t work on them at all. On a personal level, you may be wondering what things make up the 80 percent. The things that make up the 80 percent are dependent on your goals. Generally, they may include watching television, talking on the phone, going to parties or clubs, or doing anything else that is not related to your goals.
Reading Comprehension
6 Tasks that fall under the 20 percent are things that many people usually don’t like doing. However, it is this 20 percent that will play the most important part in your success or failure. Examples of general things which make up the 20 percent are doing taxes, market research, studying, or practice. While these tasks may be boring to many, they are the factors that will play a role in your success or failure. People who are successful will spend most of their time focusing on the 20 percent of things that really matter, and will not place their main energy on things that make up the 80 percent.
Reading Comprehension
7 The 80/20 principle is a simple, yet powerful tool. If you master it, you can apply it to any area of your life. When it comes to time management, you will want to find out the most important things which make up the 20 percent. Once you find them, focus your energy on them. This principle can only work if you focus on the right thing. If you focus on the 80 percent, you will fail every time. Whilst there is virtually no limit to the way the 80/20 principle can be used, it’s necessary to spend time studying where it can be applied in the different areas of your life.
BACKBACK
After-reading Activities
Do you agree or disagree
with the statement that the
80/20 principle can be used
anywhere? Discuss with your
partners.
BACKBACK
Language in Use
22 Vocabulary Building22 Vocabulary Building
11 Grammar Development11 Grammar Development
Grammar Development
A lot of students have been confused by older textbooks which refer to “will” as “the future tense”. A key factor to remember about “will” is that when we use “will” we are not always talking about the future.
In these examples “will” is clearly referring to the future :If I see her, I'll tell her about it.Next year she'll be 42.
However, in these examples “will” is referring to events happening at the present :
My car won't start. I'll answer that. Will you have another cup of tea?
Grammar Development
When we use “will” referring to the present, the idea being expressed is usually one of “showing willingness” or “will power” :
e.g. I am the boss. You will do as I say. I need quiet to write this but he will keep on talking to me.
Use “will” for requests, orders, invitations and offers:
e.g. Will you help me? Will you please sit down?
Use “will” for promises and threats:
e.g. I'll do it at once. I'll remember this.
Grammar Development
Use “will” for habit:
e.g. A cat will always find a warm place to sleep. My car won't go any faster than this.
Use “will” for deduction:
e.g. The phone's ringing. That will be Mark. I expect he'll want us to start without him.
BACKBACK
Vocabulary Building
Back-formation refers to either the process of creating a new "word by removing actual or supposed affixes, or to the neologism formed by such a process. Back-formations are shortened words created from longer words, thus back-formations may be viewed as a sub-type of clipping.
adsorb adolesce aesthete automate bibliograph biograph burgle caretakechemistcomputerizecongratulationdeconstructdedifferentiatedestruct
adsorption adolescence
aestheticautomationbibliographybiography
burglarcaretaker
chemist computerized
congratulations deconstructiondedifferentiationdestruction
Vocabulary Building
diagnosediplomatdonateevaluategreedhandwritehousebreakhousecleanhousekeepinjureisolatekidnaplazemanipulateorientate
diagnosisdiplomatic donationevaluationgreedyhandwritinghousebrokenhousecleaninghousekeeperinjuryisolatedkidnapper lazymanipulationorientation
Vocabulary Building
shopliftsightseesleepwalktranscripttypewritevaccinate
shopliftersightseeing sleepwalkingtranscription typewritervaccination
Vocabulary Building
BACKBACK
Project
Can you manage your time better?
You need to understand what you are
really trying to achieve and prioritise y
our efforts. This project should increa
se your personal effectiveness and pr
oductivity and make your study and lif
e more satisfying.
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3Present to the class
Write an action list
Project
Talk to your neighbor
BACKBACK
Culture Tips
Time management, as a project management subse
t, is more commonly known as project planning and/or
project scheduling.
Many authors offered a categorization scheme for t
he hundreds of time management approaches that they
reviewed:
reminders (based on clocks, but with computer implementation possible) can be used to alert of the time when a task is to be done.
First generation:
Second generation: planning and preparation (based on calendar and appointment books) includes setting goals.
planning, controlling (using a personal organizer, other paper-based objects, or computer-based systems) activities on a daily basis. This approach implies spending some time in clarifying values and priorities.
Third generation:
being efficient and proactive (using any tools above) places goals and roles as the controlling element of the system and favors importance over urgency.
Fourth generation:
Culture Tips
BACKBACK
Fill in the Covey’s four-quadrant TO-DO every day
and finish your listed task follow the order in the
table.
Due SoonDue Soon Not Due SoonNot Due Soon
43
2ImportantImportant
NotImportant
NotImportant
1
Homework