Landslide Brochure

SPIRENTLANDSLIDE™TEST SCENARIOS

www.spirent.com

IPSec AAA GPRS UMTS IMSMobileIP

CDMA 2000

FMC WiMAX LTE L2TP Billing Policy DPI

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Spirent CommuniCationS: Sharing induStry expertiSeadvancing next-generation Communication

At Spirent Communications, we work behind the scenes to help the world communicate faster, better and more often. The world’s leading communications companies use Spirent’s lab test solutions to evaluate performance of the latest technologies. As new communication services and applications are introduced in the market, Spirent provides tools for service management and field test to improve troubleshooting and quality. Spirent also enables large companies and governments to secure and manage their networks.

From wireline to wireless to satellite, Spirent offers a complete portfolio of solutions to enhance customer Quality of Experience.

industry experts

We pride ourselves on being experts on next-generation com-munication networks, devices and applications. Our engineers provide valuable counsel to many of the leading communica-tion standards organizations. We pioneered testing of Ethernet networks, IP Telephony and VoIP, VPNs, Triple Play, CDMA applications and Location Based Services. Our areas of expertise include:

• Mobile packet core testing

• Broadband Networking: DSL, Gigabit Ethernet and IP Convergence: VoIP, IP VPNs, IPTV

• Next-Generation Internet: IPv6

• Wireless: CDMA, UMTS, Location Based Services

• Enterprise Networks: load testing, system performance, network security

• Satellite Navigation: GPS, GLONASS, Galileo

advanced test programs

Spirent’s Advanced Test Programs provide world-renown exper-tise for testing next-generation networks, products and services. Spirent provides the equipment, training and test methodology to help many of the leading technology labs and forums evaluate the performance of emerging technologies.

Spirent Communications plc

Spirent Communications plc is a leading communications tech-nology company focused on delivering innovative systems and services to meet the needs of customers worldwide. We are a global provider of performance analysis and service assurance solutions that enable the development and deployment of next-generation networking technologies such as broadband services, Internet telephony, wireless and web applications and security testing. The Systems group develops power control systems for specialist electrical vehicles in the mobility and industrial markets. Spirent Communications plc Ordinary shares are traded on the London Stock Exchange (ticker: SPT). The Company operates a Level 1 American Depositary Receipt (“ADR”) programme with each ADR representing four Spirent Communications plc Ordinary shares. The ADRs traded in the US over-the- counter (“OTC”) market under the symbol SPMYY and the CUSIP num-ber is 84856M209. Spirent ADRs are quoted on the Pink OTC Markets electronic quotation service which can be found at www.pinksheets.com.

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What iS LandSLide?Landslide is a mobile packet core network capacity and load assessment system. Its flexible archi-tecture is capable of testing the control plane, as well as the user or data plane. Landslide is imple-mented as a client-server architecture with a manager controlling up to 32 Landslide Test Servers. Under this scheme, the user accesses the Landslide Manager via a standard web browser or through a Tcl-base API. The manager hosts the graphical user interface, test libraries and results files. The manager’s GUI provides a means for the user to create test scenarios, define parameters and view results. The test server, or servers, execute the test scenarios, communicate with device(s) under test, take measurements and relay results to the manager.

Landslide emulates millions of mobile subscribers and thousands of packet core network elements. Using access technologies, from GPRS to LTE, Landslide provides nodal test scenarios, in which a network element is isolated for testing, as well as end-to-end scenarios in which the entire core is stressed.

Landslide is capable of emulating most key wireless core packet data network elements while combining control plane and data plane simulation. This industry standards-based simulation provides real-world testing with millions of emulated mobile nodes, all in various stages of activation, deactivation, and handover. All test scenarios can run in a lab environment utilizing dif-ferent wireless access technologies.

• industry Standard: Landslide is the choice of major Operators and NEMs world-wide for mobile packet network testing

• unmatched performance & Scalability: Landslide systems grow with the customer’s needs…simulating mobile communities ranging from small towns to major cities

• real-World Simulation: Landslide simultaneously tests both the control and data planes and supports highly realistic traffic models

• extensive reporting: Landslide’s straightforward interface and extensive reporting enable thorough, accurate and repeatable analysis

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Why LandSLide?For service providers and network operators, Landslide provides:

• A test solution that ensures selected vendor devices can meet your network load and performance requirements

• A solution to validate manufacturer performance claims

• Lab-based network traffic emulation capabilities required for pre-deployment testing of various vendor equipment

• Consistent, comparable statistics provide objective comparison of each tested vendor

• The capability to consistently and repeatedly qualify new vendor releases prior to deployment

• Sharable test configurations expedite problem identification and resolution

For network equipment manufacturers, Landslide provides:

• A test solution that qualifies device load and performance capacities under varying network conditions

• Real-world access models provide the capability to emulate different types of network control and data plane traffic flows

• The capability to quickly perform regression tests when new software is available

unmatChed SCaLabiLityDepending on the application, a single Landslide test server can emulate up to 800,000* mobile subscribers. A fully configured Landslide test bed can emulate over 25 million* mobile subscribers allowing the user to simulate subscriber loads ranging from a small rural town to the largest metropolitan city. By generating a large volume of control and data traffic, the DUT can be stressed to ensure performance under load. * with performance accelerator

reaL-WorLd emuLationLandslide not only emulates millions of mobile subscribers, it also simulates complex traffic models using capacity, session loading, and mobility test activities - each with the option of adding data flows. This allows equipment vendors to accurately specify the performance characteristics of their equipment under real-world conditions.

SingLe pLatForm SoLutionAll Landslide applications and features run on the same platform. In addition to access technologies, such as UMTS, GPRS, WiMAX and LTE, emulation of supporting elements, such as AAA servers, DHCP servers, network hosts, etc., is provided by the same platform - thus reducing the need to expend resources on multiple types of network equipment.

robuSt uSer interFaCeLandslide provides a simple to use graphical user interface that features network diagrams, pull-down menus, input validation and test case management. Tests can easily be created and executed from the GUI. The GUI also provides a means for viewing test reports and measurements.

For more automated lab environments, Landslide supports a Tcl interface that allows the user to control and monitor Landslide from a higher level management system. This makes it possible to define, execute and compile specific test reports for both the emulation (Landslide) and the Device Under Test.

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LandSLide ComponentS

LandSLide managerServes GUI and Tcl clients, manages test configurations and libraries

Downloads test information to test servers

Receives reports from test servers; formats results for display

Controls up to 32 test servers

Supports up to 48 simultaneous users

LandSLide teSt ServerHigh Capacity appliance

Executes tests, connects to DUT(s), reports results to manager

Multi-user – up to 3 users may execute test sessions simultaneously

10/100/1000 Base-T or 1000 Base-SFP, maximum 12 ports

10G XFP, maximum 3 ports

LandSLide FeatureSAAA Diameter Server emulation

AAA Radius Server emulation

CGF Server emulation

Diameter Credit Control (DCCA) Server emulation

DHCP Server emulation

GGSN G-CDR validation

GGSN emulation

IMS Security Test

IPSec

L2TP Server emulation

L2TP Secure Network Server emulation

PCRF Node emulation

SGSN S-CDR validation

WiFi Convergence

WiMAX Forum Vendor Variants

Home Agent Emulation

Enhanced L4-L7 Protocols

Data Accelerator

Performance Accelerator

LandSLide teSt appLiCationSAAA Diameter Test Application

AAA RADIUS Test Application

ASN Gateway Test Application

CSN Test Application

CDMA2000 Test Application

PCF Test Application

Diameter Credit Control (DCCA) Test Application

GPRS Test Application

UMTS Test Application

IP Data Test Application

L2TP VPN Gateway Test Application

LTE MME Test Application

LTE Gateway Test Application

Mobile IP Test Application

PCRF Test Application

Fixed Mobile Convergence – PDG and PDIF

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Wimax teSt appLiCationLandslide provides two WiMAX test applications, one each for ASN-GW performance testing and CSN performance testing. These applications provide scalability and performance test capabilities for stand-alone ASN-GW, stand-alone CSN or combined ASN-GW/CSN network.

The Landslide WiMAX ASN-GW Test Application provides nodal and end-to-end testing of an ANS-GW. In the end-to-end test configuration, Landslide emulates the mobile subscribers and BS accessing the WiMAX network, as well as the Internet or network host to which the subscribers are connected. In the ASN-GW Nodal test configuration, Landslide emulates the BS, mobile subscribers and the CSN to isolate the ASN-GW for control plane and data plane performance validation and benchmarking.

The Landslide WiMAX CSN Test Application provides testing of a CSN. In the CSN Nodal test configuration, Landslide emulates the ASN-GW, BS, mobile subscribers, as well as the Internet or network host to which the subscribers are connected, thus isolating the CSN for control plane and data plane performance validation and benchmarking.

Spirent LandSLide teSt SCenarioS

ASN Nodal Testing CSN Nodal Testing

End-to-End Testing

PacketDataNetwork

NetworkHost

MSS

R2

R2

R1

R1

AccessNetwork802.16

R3R6

MSS

AAA Server

ASN Gateway

HA

CSN

BS

LANDSLIDE LANDSLIDE

PacketDataNetwork

NetworkHost

MSS

R2

R2

R1

R1

AccessNetwork802.16

R3R6

MSS

AAA Server

ASN Gateway

HA

CSN

BS

LANDSLIDE LANDSLIDE

NetworkHost

LANDSLIDE

PacketDataNetwork

MSS

R2

R2

R1

R1

AccessNetwork802.16

R3R6

MSS

AAA Server

ASN Gateway

HA

CSN

BS

LANDSLIDE

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ControL pLane teSt• Maximum number of simultaneous activated sessions

• Maximum session activation/deactivation rate

• Maximum handover rate

• Intra-ASN GW handoff

• Inter-ASN GW handoff

data pLane teSt• Maximum data packet rate

• Maximum data rate in bits per second

• Packet Latency, one-way and round-trip

• Packet Loss

• R3 and R6: WiMAX Forum and vendor variant support

• EAP (Single EAP and Double EAP): SIM, AKA, GTC, MD5,

MSCHAPv2, TLS, TTLS

• Paging

• Location Update

• Idle Mode Entry/Exit

• Up to 32 uplink service flows and 32 downlink service

flows per mobile subscriber

• Proxy-MIP, Client MIP, Simple IP

• Profiles A and C

• DHCP client

• RADIUS and DIAMETER support

• DHCP server emulation

• AAA server emulation

• IPSec – between BS and ASN GW or between MS and network host

• MIP Revocation

• Data Flows: basic and advanced/stateful

FeatureS and optionS

• Up to 200,000* emulated mobile subscribers

• Up to 2,000* emulated base stations (with unique IP address)

• Activation/deactivation rates up to 2,000/sec** with performance accelerator

teSt Server SpeCiFiCationS

• Connect Rates: Attempted and Actual

• Disconnect Rates: Attempted and Actual

• Average Session Connect/Disconnect Time

• Number of Sessions Established/Pending

• Handoffs: Attempts, Successes, Failures

• WiMAX Forum Message Counters

• Data Flow Counters/Measurements

reportS and meaSurementSLandslide provides an extensive assortment of WiMAX test appli-cation measurements and counters including, but not limited to, individual message counters for the R6 layer. By using the counters, a user can determine what is occurring in the network. For example, you might see that Landslide is sending WiMAX pre-attachment requests but not receiving a response from the ASN-GW. The WiMAX applications provide individual counters for all of the WiMAX messages involved in call establishment, handoff and tear down. Other measurements include:

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Lte teSt appLiCationLandslide provides two LTE test applications, one for MME performance testing and one for gateway (SGW, PDN-GW) performance testing. These applications provide a comprehensive end-to-end test system that emulates millions of mobile data subscribers simultaneously accessing the LTE packet core network.

The Landslide LTE MME Test Application provides MME testing in both an end-to-end configuration and a nodal configuration. In the end-to-end test configuration Landslide emu-lates the mobile subscribers and eNodeB accessing the LTE network, as well as the Internet or network host on the SGi interface to which the subscribers are connected. In the MME Nodal test configuration, Landslide emulates the eNodeB, mobile subscribers and the Serving Gateway to isolate the Mobility Management Entity for control plane performance validation and benchmarking.

The Landslide LTE Gateway Test Application provides testing of Serving Gateways and PDN Gateways. In the SGW Nodal test configuration, Landslide emulates the MME, eNodeB, mobile subscribers and the PDN Gateway to isolate the Serving Gateway for control plane performance validation and benchmarking. Additionally, in this test configuration, Landslide can emulate 3GPP access (RNC and SGSN) into the LTE SGW. In the PDN-GW Nodal test configuration, Landslide emulates the SGW, MME, eNodeB and mobile subscribers to isolate the PDN Gateway for control plane performance validation and benchmarking.


LANDSLIDE

Serving GW

LANDSLIDE

eNB MME

S11S1-MME

UEs

HSS

MME Nodal

LANDSLIDE

UEs

eNB

MME

S5/S8

Gxc

S1u

S11 SGW

LANDSLIDE

NH (Internet)

PDN-GW

PCRF

SGW Nodal

LANDSLIDE LANDSLIDE

SGiS1u

S1-MMEMME

PCRF

NH (Internet)Serving GW

HSS

UEs

eNB

PDN-GW

End-to-End

LANDSLIDE

NH (Internet)

Gx

SGiS5/S8

PDN-GW

LANDSLIDE

Serving GW

UEs

eNB

MME

PCRF

PDN-GW Nodal

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• Intra- and Inter- MME Mobility RNC Handoff




• Packet Loss

• Support of: S11, S1-MME, S5/S8, S1-U and SGi

• Configurable values for parameters of the various layers (NAS, S1-AP, SCTP, GTPv2, GTP)

• GTPv2 or PMIP (for S5/S8)

• Emulated SGSN interface to SGW via Gn

• Multiple APNs

• IPSec




• Up to 2,000* emulated eNBs

• Up to 11 bearers per mobile subscriber








• LTE counters: S1AP, NAS, S5, S11, GTP


reportS and meaSurementSLandslide provides an extensive assortment of measurements and counters for the LTE test applications including, but not limited to, individual message counters for the various proto-cols involved (i.e. S1AP, S5, etc). By using the counters, a user can determine what is occurring in the network. For example, you might see that Landslide is sending NAS Attach requests but receiving NAS Attach Reject responses from the MME. The LTE applications provide individual counters for all of the LTE messages involved in call establishment, handoff and tear down. Other measurements include:

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gprS teSt appLiCationThe Landslide General Packet Radio Services (GPRS) performance test application simulates real-world control and user plane traffic models for GPRS core packet data networks. It allows GGSN equipment vendors to accurately specify the performance characteristics of their equipment under the real-world conditions experienced in their customers’ networks. It also allows service providers to measure the performance of their GPRS networks and to validate new features and services in the lab. By simulating real users with real applications, the Landslide GPRS gives the service provider peace of mind in knowing that the transition from the evaluation lab to the live network will be smooth and free of performance problems.


Landslide

Radio Network

MN

SGSN GGSN

Landslide

Network Host

Packet DataNetwork

GTP-CIP

PPP/GTP-U orIP/GTP-U

DHCPServer

DHCP RADIUS

AAAServer

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• Inter-SGSN Handoff

• QoS Updates




• Packet Loss

• Up to 800,000* emulated mobile subscribers/contexts

• Up to 11 contexts (primary + secondaries) per mobile subscriber

• Up to 2,000* emulated SGSNs








• GTP Counters/Measurements

• PPP counters

• DHCP counters

• L2TP counters


reportS and meaSurementSLandslide provides an extensive assortment of measurements and counters for the GPRS test application including, but not limited to, individual message counters for the various signaling options used (GTP, PPP, L2TP, etc). By using the counters a user can determine what is occurring in the network. For example, you might see that some context create mes-sages sent by Landslide were answered with a “No Resources” indication from the GGSN. For the GPRS application there is a counter for all of the GTP messages involved in call establish-ment, handoff and tear down. Other measurements include:

• Gn: GTP, PPPoGTP, IPv4, IPv6

• L2TP VPN

• GGSN G-CDR Validation

• DHCP Client

• GTPv0 and GTPv1

• Multiple contexts per MN (primary and secondaries)

• Multiple APNs

• APN DNS Lookup

• Direct Tunnel

• IPSec

• Support for proprietary extensions in GTP messages



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umtS teSt appLiCationThe Landslide UMTS application provides the same Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) test capa-bilities as the Landslide GPRS Performance Test Application. In addition, Landslide UMTS supports the Iu-PS interface and, optionally, the Gb interface for testing the Support GPRS Serving Node (SGSN) or testing in an end-to-end configuration where the SGSN and GGSN are combined. It is a comprehensive end-to-end test system that emulates millions of mobile data subscribers; all accessing the wireless network simultaneously via various access models.

The Landslide UMTS allows SGSN and GGSN equipment vendors to accurately specify the performance characteristics of their equipment under the real-world conditions experienced in their customers’ networks. It also allows service providers to measure the performance of their UMTS networks and to validate new features and services in the lab. By simulating real users with real applications, the Landslide UMTS helps ensure that the transition from the evaluation lab to the live network will be smooth and free of performance problems.


MN

Radio NetworkController (RNC) 3G-SGSN

2G-SGSN CGF

IP

Base StationSystem (BSS)

MN Core Network - Packet-Switched

GERAN

UTRAN

lu-PS

Gb

Ga

Ga

Ga

Gn

Gn

Gi

Network Host

Packet Data Network

GGSN

DHCPServer

AAAServer

Landslide

Landslide

Landslide

MN

Radio NetworkController (RNC) 3G-SGSN

2G-SGSN CGF

IP

Base StationSystem (BSS)

MN Core Network - Packet-Switched

GERAN

UTRAN

lu-PS

Gb

Ga

Ga

Ga

Gn

Gn

Gi

Network Host

Packet Data Network

GGSN

DHCPServer

AAAServer

Landslide

Landslide

Landslide

SGSN Testing

End-to-End Testing

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• Inter-RNC Handoff

• Inter technology handoff

• QoS Updates




• Packet Loss


• Up to 2,000* emulated base stations (with unique IP address)



• Direct Tunnel

• Separate PDP context control from GMM Attach

• Multiple contexts per MN (primary and secondaries)

• Release 4, 6 and 7 support

• Multiple APNs

• Configurable values for parameters of the various layers (SM, GMM, RANAP, SCCP, MTP-3B, QSAAL)

• Stand-alone GGSN Emulation

• IPSec







• Handoffs: Attempts, Successes, Failures• UMTS counters: SM, GMM, RANAP, SCCP, M3UA, plus many more


reportS and meaSurementSLandslide provides an extensive assortment of measurements and counters for the UMTS test application including, but not limited to, individual message counters for the various UMTS layers (i.e. RANAP, GMM, SM, etc). By using the counters a user can determine what is occurring in the network. For example, you might see that all GMM Attach Requests sent by Landslide are being accepted by the SGSN. For the UMTS applications there is a counter for all of the UMTS messages involved in call estab-lishment, handoff and tear down. Other measurements include:

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Cdma2000 teSt appLiCationThe Landslide CDMA Test Application provides a comprehensive end-to-end CDMA test system that can emulate millions of mobile data subscribers, all simultaneously accessing the wireless network via various access models.

The CDMA2000 Test Application provides comprehensive nodal and end-to-end test capabilities for Packet Data Servicing Nodes supporting the Open Radio Packet (RP) protocol. Network ele-ments can be tested in a variety of configurations using Simple IP or Mobile IP access models. The test cases provided allow testing of PDSN, PDSN-FA or HA in stand-alone (nodal) configuration. One or more PDSN-FAs can be tested with a primary and secondary HA in an end-to-end configuration.


Landslide

RadioNetwork

PDSN

PPP/RP

IP

Radius

IP Network

AAA Server

MN NetworkHost

Landslide

PPP

Simple IP

Landslide

RadioNetwork

PDSN-FA

PPP/RP

Radius

VisitedAAA Server

MN

NetworkHost

Landslide

IP Network

IPIP/IP or IP/GRE

IPMIPHA

Radius

HomeAAA Server

Mobile IP End-to-End Testing

Landslide

RadioNetwork

PDSN-FA

PPP/RP

Radius

VisitedAAA Server

MN

NetworkHost

Landslide

IP Network

IPIP/IP or IP/GRE

IPMIPHA

Radius

HomeAAA Server

Mobile IP FA Nodal Testing

Landslide

IP Network

Landslide

RadioNetwork

PDSN-FA

PPP/RP

Radius

VisitedAAA Server

MN

NetworkHost

IPIP/IP or IP/GRE

IPMIPHA

Radius

HomeAAA Server

Mobile IP HA Nodal Testing

PCF Testing

A8/A9

MN(s)

PDSN HA

PDSN FA

NetworkHost

Landslide

BS(s)PCF

The CDMA-PCF Test Application provides a PCF test solution by emulating the A8/A9 interface. MIP signaling is done over the A8/A9 interface to provide a PCF end-to-end testing scenario.

By emulating all of the key wireless core packet data network com-ponents including the Home Agent, the Foreign Agent, AAA serv-ers with IP address allocation capability, DHCP servers, Internet hosts, PCFs and mobile subscribers and combining control plane and data plane simulation, the Landslide CDMA test applications provide real-world emulation of mobile nodes in various stages of activation, deactivation and hand off between cells.

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• Intra- and Inter- PDSN Handoff

• MIP Revocation




• Packet Loss

• Up to 400,000* emulated mobile subscribers CDMA FA/PDSN testing

• Up to 800,000* emulated mobile subscribers CDMA HA testing

• Up to 2,000* emulated PCFs, 2,000* emulated FAs, 2,000* emulated HAs

• Activation/deactivation rates up to 2,000/sec* CDMA FA/PDSN testing

• Activation/deactivation rates up to 8,000/sec* CDMA HA testing

* with performance accelerator


• MIPv4

• MIPv6

• RP

• PPP/PPPoE

• PCF Node, FA Node and HA Node emulation

• A8/A9

• Up to 6 Auxiliary Service Instances per mobile subscriber

• IPSec







• Handoffs: Attempts, Successes, Failures• CDMA counters: Open RP, PPP, MIP


reportS and meaSurementSLandslide provides an extensive assortment of measurements and counters for the CDMA test applications including, but not limited to, individual message counters for the various protocols. By using the counters a user can determine what is occurring in the network. For example, you might see that Landslide is attempting PAP Authorizations but failing. For the CDMA applications counters are provided for all CDMA messages involved in call establishment, handoff and tear down. Other measurements include:

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ip data teSt appLiCationThe Landslide IP Data Test Application performs lab tests to measure the performance and accuracy of network applications, packet inspection devices and billing systems. The Landslide IP Data application allows the use of advanced data types directly over an Ethernet interface. This allows the testing of packet inspection devices, content-based billing systems or application servers in a stand-alone mode.

In addition to being used as a stand-alone application, the IP Data Test Application can be used with any of Spirent’s wireless packet data test applications for Landslide, such as UMTS, GPRS, CDMA or Mobility. It allows modeling of the customer experience when accessing these applications. The IP Data test application supports all of the key data applications found in today’s 3G networks. Furthermore, the user can create custom messages and message sequences with the easy-to-use data flow editing function.


LANDSLIDE LANDSLIDE

SUTsNetwork Host

IP Network

IP Data Testing

LANDSLIDELANDSLIDE

SUTs Security Gateway Network HostMN

Mobile Network Private Network

IPIP Sec

Security Gateway Testing

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ControL pLane teSt• When used in combination with a wireless packet data test

application (e.g. UMTS, GGSN, CDMA, etc.) the control plane testing is combined with data

• When used as a stand-alone application only the data plane is tested; however, signaling to a AAA server, for address allocation or authentication, is an available option




• Packet Loss

• Up to 800,000* end points

• Up to 1,000 emulated AAA NASs



• AAA NAS emulation (when AAA application is also purchased)

• DHCP Relay Agent emulation

• IPSec


• Message Flow Builder


reportS and meaSurementSLandslide provides an extensive assortment of measurements and counters for the IP Data Test application. Measurements include packets and bits per second, latency, packet loss, transaction counts, command messages sent, command mes-sages received and command messages out of order among many others. If IPSec is used a full set of IPSec measurements and counters is also provided.

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aaa teSt appLiCationThe Landslide AAA Performance Test Application is the only high performance test tool that simulates a AAA client using either the RADIUS protocol or DIAMETER protocol for 3GPP, 3GPP2 and WiMAX networks.

The Landslide AAA provides a comprehensive test system that emulates a Network Access Server (NAS – e.g. GGSN, PDSN-FA, HA or ASN-GW) interacting with a AAA server for authentication, authorization and accounting functions. By emulating the key NAS AAA client functions, Landslide AAA provides real-world emulation of millions of authorization and accounting transactions. Landslide AAA also supports Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) to provide support for additional authentication methods. Currently supported EAP methods include: MD5, GTC, AKA, SIM, MSCHAPV2 and TLS. EAP allows for the easy addition of authentication methods as required.

Additionally, Landslide AAA can be combined with the IP Data Application to run any of the supported advanced data types directly over IP for cases where IP address allocation from a AAA server is desirable. This combination of applications can also be used for testing a AAA proxy device.


Landslide

Primary and SecondaryAuthentication Servers

Primary and SecondaryAccounting Servers

MN Radio Network NAS

IP Network

Primary and SecondaryAuthentication Servers

Primary and SecondaryAccounting Servers

MN Radio Network NAS

IP Network

Landslide

AAA Server Testing

AAA Server Emulation

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data pLane teSt• When used as a stand-alone application there is no

data plane

• When used in combination with the IP Data test application, the control plane testing is combined with data and the full set of data features is available

• Up to 800,000* emulated subscribers

• Up to 2,000* emulated NASs



• DIAMETER and RADIUS protocols supported

• CHAP, PAP, EAP, DIGEST authentication

• EAP: MD5, GTC, SIM, AKA, MSCHAPv2, TLS/TTLS

• CoA

• Dedicated or round robin (up to 10) AAA servers

• Configurable vendor specific attributes (including proprietary definitions)

• IPSec (only available for DIAMETER)

• Server Emulation

• DIAMETER Applications:NASBase AccountingEAPWiMAX MIPv4Wm








reportS and meaSurementSLandslide provides an extensive assortment of measurements and counters for the AAA test applications including, but not limited to, individual message counters for the various messages involved (i.e. Access Requests, Accounting Requests, etc.). By using the counters a user can determine what is occurring in the network. For example, you might see that Landslide is sending RADIUS Access requests but receiv-ing RADIUS Access Reject responses from the server. Other measurements include:

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mobiLe ip teSt appLiCationThe Landslide Mobile IP (MIPv6) Test Application is the only mobility test tool that simulates real-world traffic models for Mobility over IPv4 and Mobility over IPv6. The Landslide MIPv6 test applica-tion provides a comprehensive end-to-end test system that is compliant with RFC 3775 for Mobility signaling over IPv6, as well as supporting RFCs 2002 and 3344 for Mobility signaling over IPv4.

In the HA nodal test configuration the Landslide MIP emulates the Mobile Nodes and the Correspondent Nodes. This configuration is used to test the Home Agent (HA) as the system under test. The HA Nodal test cases test an HA’s ability to process MN registrations and mobility events and to handle bearer plane traffic destined for a roaming MN. The options available in the test case allow test configurations that simulate various access models such as: Basic Mobile IP, Reverse Tunnel, VPN and Network-Based VPN. Both Mobility IPv4 and Mobility IPv6 are supported. For MIPv6 Prefix Solicitation, Home Agent Discovery and Route Optimization are supported.

In the CN nodal test configuration, the Landslide MIPv6 emulates the Mobile Nodes and the Home Agent. This configuration is used to test the Correspondent Node (CN) as the system under test. In the IPv6 CN Nodal test case, the test system simulates the MNs and simulates the routing functionality of an HA. When the MN is attached to a foreign link, the HA node relays the data traf-fic between the MNs and the CN SUT. Route Optimization is normally included when testing a CN, which requires that Data Traffic be included in the test.


Router(foreign subnet)

CN (SUT)MN

MN

MN

HA

Landslide MIP

LANDSLIDE

Foreign

Foreign

Home

RO

UTIN

G EM

ULATO

R

MIP CN Nodal Test Configuration MIP HA Nodal Test Configuration

Router(foreign subnet)

HA (SUT)

MN

MN

MN

CN

Landslide MIP

LANDSLIDE

Foreign

Foreign

Home

ROU

TING

EMU

LATOR

21


• Up to 2,000* emulated HAs and FAs

• Activation/deactivation rates up to 8,000/sec* (IPv4 HA testing)

• Activation/deactivation rates up to 2,000/sec* (IPv6 HA, FA, CN testing)* with performance accelerator


• MIPv4 and MIPv6

• Co-Located Care of Address support

• Agent Discovery

• Prefix Solicitation

• Dynamic HA

• Proprietary Extensions

• IPSec







• Handoffs: Attempts, Successes, Failures• MIP counters, including errors received


reportS and meaSurementSLandslide provides an extensive assortment of measurements and counters for the MIPv6 test applications including, but not limited to, individual message counters for the Mobile IP Protocol. By using the counters a user can determine what is occurring in the network. For example, you might see that Landslide is sending an RRQ request and receiving RRP responses from the MME indicating FA-MN authorization failures. For the MIPv6 applications there is a counter for all of the MIP messages involved in call establishment, handoff and tear down. Other measurements include:



• Average Connect/Disconnect times

• Min/Max setup time

• Min/Max tear-down time




• Packet Loss

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pCrF teSt appLiCationNext-generation networks such as 3G, WiMAX and Femtocell combined with FMC/IMS-enabled ser-vices (PTT, VoIP, VoD, and IPTV) promise a transition to a world of differentiated IP services. These IP services unite voice, video and data into a seamless offering delivered across any access medium with assured quality to an increasingly mobile subscriber base. More emphasis is being placed on bearer control and service data flows. Access gateways (AGW) and application functions (AF) now interface with a Policy Charging and Rules Function (PCRF) that determines policy and charging rules.

Although defined slightly differently in their associated standards, both the 3GPP and 3GPP2 organizations have implemented a policy decision function and associated reference points. 3GPP2 defines the reference points as Tx and Ty while 3GPP named them Gx and Rx. The Landslide PCRF Test Application provides support for any combination of all 4 reference points. In a PCRF nodal configuration, Landslide can emulate the AGW and AF such that a PCRF can be tested in isolation. With the PCRF node emulation capability, the user can emulate the PCRF and thus provide a configuration in which an AGW and AF can be tested. Additionally, the PCRF test application supports the Gxc interface for an LTE environment and the PCC-R3 interface for WiMAX environments.


PCRFLandslide Landslide

Ty/Gx/Gxx/PCC-R3 Tx/Rx

AF

PCRF Testing

PCRF Emulation

Ty/Gx/R3

Gxx

Tx/Rx

PCC-R3

Landslide

PCRFAF

ASN GW

BBERF

AGW/PDF

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• Up to 400,000* emulated simultaneous sessions

• Up to 2,000* emulated AGs and AFs



• Support of: Tx, Ty, Gx, Rx, PCC-R3 and Gxc

• Both RADIUS and DIAMETER for Ty

• Emulate Access Gateway, Application Function or both within same test





• Interface counters: Rx, Tx, Ty, Gx, etc.

reportS and meaSurementSLandslide provides an extensive assortment of measurements and counters for the PCRF test application including, but not limited to, individual message counters for the various protocols involved (i.e. Rx, Tx, Ty, etc.). By using the coun-ters a user can determine what is occurring in the network. For example, you might see that Landslide is send-ing AA Requests and receiving AA Answers from the PCRF. Other measurements include:



data pLane teSt• Not applicable to the PCRF test application

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Landslide

Primary DCCA Server

SecondaryDCCA Server

MN Radio Network DCCA Client(NAS)

IP Network

MN Radio Network DCCA Client(NAS)

Landslide

Primary DCCA Server

SecondaryDCCA Server

IP Network

diameter Credit ControL (dCCa) teSt appLiCationThe Landslide Diameter Credit Control Application (DCCA) Performance Test Application is the only high performance test tool that simulates a diameter credit control client. Landslide DCCA provides a comprehensive test system that emulates a diameter credit control client interacting with a DCCA server for credit control functions.

Landslide DCCA allows DCCA equipment vendors to accurately specify the performance character-istics of their equipment under real-world conditions experienced in their customers’ networks. It allows service providers to measure the performance of their DCCA servers and to validate the servers’ ability to handle the traffic generated within next generation networks. By simulating millions of real time credit control transactions, including initials, updates and terminations, Landslide DCCA gives service providers peace of mind in knowing the DCCA server will not become a roadblock as next generation network elements are deployed to support 3G networks.


Landslide DCCA Testing

DCCA Server Emulation

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• Up to 2,000* emulated DCCA client nodes



• Dedicated or round robin (up to 10) DCCA servers

• Configurable attribute value pairs (AVPs - including proprietary definitions)

• Support for up to 10 MSCCs – each with its own configurable values

• DCCA Server Emulation




• Number of Sessions Established /Pending

• Diameter session counters: (Cap Ex Request/Answers, Watchdog, etc.)

reportS and meaSurementSLandslide provides an extensive assortment of measurements and counters for the DCCA test application including, but not limited to, individual message counters and error indications. By using the counters a user can determine what is occurring in the network. Other measurements include:



data pLane teSt• Not applicable to the DCCA test application

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L2tp vpn gateWay teSt appLiCationThe Landslide L2TP VPN/Secure Gateway Performance Test Application is the only test tool that simulates real-world traffic models for testing L2TP network servers. The L2TP application can be used in a stand-alone mode, or added to other applications such as the Landslide CDMA Test Application or the Landslide GPRS test application.

The Landslide L2TP application provides a comprehensive end-to-end test system that emulates millions of data subscribers, all accessing private networks simultaneously via L2TP tunnels. By emulating all of the key core packet data network elements and combining control plane and data plane simulation, the Landslide L2TP provides real-world emulation of data subscribers in various stages of activation and deactivation – all while transmitting and receiving real-world application data. The Landslide L2TP application allows LNS equipment vendors to accurately specify the performance characteristics of their equipment under the conditions experienced in their customers’ networks.

The Landslide L2TP Server emulator feature provides a virtual LNS to support L2TP testing that is driven by test devices external to this test system. The virtual server includes Network Host function-ality, can support both control and bearer plane testing, and will respond to any LAC that presents valid credentials. The L2TP Secure Network Server feature provides the same functionality as the L2TP Server emulator with the addition of IPSec support. IPSec may be used to encrypt L2TP control plane traffic between the LAC and the LNS. IPSec may also be used to encrypt the bearer plane traffic between the MN and the LNS or another IPSec peer on the private network side of the LNS.


Landslide L2TP LNS Testing

LandslideLandslide

MN Radio Network LACLNS Gateway

NetworkHost

Private IP NetworkIP Network

IP

L2TP (IPSec optional)

PPP/L2TP (IPSec optional)PPP PPP

L2TP LNS Server Emulation

MN Radio Network LAC

NetworkHost

Private IP NetworkIP Network

IP

L2TP (IPSec optional)

PPP/L2TP (IPSec optional)PPP PPP

Landslide

LNS Gateway

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• Up to 2,000* emulated LACs







• PPP measurements and counters

• L2TP session and tunnel measurements and counters


reportS and meaSurementSLandslide provides an extensive assortment of measure-ments and counters for the L2TP test applications including. By using the counters a user can determine what is occurring in the network. Measurements include:






• Packet Loss

• L2TP:Tunnel AuthenticationFraming: Sync, Async, BothBearer Capabilities: Analog, Digital, BothOther optional parameters (called number, calling number, sub-address, private group, etc.)

• IPSec


• PPP: IPCP/IPv6CP Address and Protocol field compressionAuthorization: None, Chap, PAP, EAPSync Mode: Sync, AsyncVan Jacobson CompressionDNS and NBNS


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Fixed mobiLe ConvergenCe - paCket data gateWay and pdiF teSt appLiCationSThe advent of all IP networks, and specifically Voice over IP (VoIP) and IMS, has led to the ability to move freely between cellular and WiFi networks while still maintaining application layer services. Now a mobile subscriber can start a cellular call on the way home from work and seamlessly switch to a WiFi network when entering the home, while still carrying on the same call. The convergence of the wireless network and the fixed-line network is known as Fixed Mobile Convergence, or FMC.

To implement this functionality in a 3GPP network a new network component, the Packet Data Gateway (PDG), has been introduced. The PDG allows access to the 3GPP packet core and IMS networks via wireless access points. Spirent Communications’ Landslide Packet Data Gateway test option, with the Dynamic IPSec option and IP Data Application, allows testing in the lab for performance and accuracy of secure access to the 3GPP packet data core via the PDG. Landslide also allows for modeling the customer experience for secure transmissions.

Landslide’s PDIF test option, with the Dynamic IPSec option and IP Data Application, performs lab tests for performance and accuracy of secure access to the 3GPP2 packet data core and IMS network via the PDIF. By adding the Landslide CDMA application to the above, testing of mobility between 3GPP2 and WiFi is also available. Landslide also tests a mixture of network elements. When used with the CDMA application, Landslide can test a network’s ability to handle fixed mobile convergence by emulating mobile nodes accessing the network through a WiFi access point and through a PCF.


To enable FMC networks, an element has been defined by the 3GPP2 called a Packet Data Interworking Function (PDIF). The PDIF allows access to the CDMA2000 packet core and IMS networks via WiFi access points. The PDIF is responsible for security, access, authentication, policy enforce-ment, user information collection and IP address allocation.

LANDSLIDELANDSLIDE

PDG

APMobileNode (Ue)

AP LANDSLIDE

PDG

MobileNode (Ue)

PacketData

Network

3GPPPacket Data

Network

AP

LANDSLIDELANDSLIDE

PDG

APMobileNode (Ue)

AP

PDIF

LANDSLIDE

PDG

MobileNode (Ue)

PacketData

Network

3GPPPacket Data

Network

AP

PDIF

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• Up to 2,000 emulated PCFS and up to 2,000 emulated Home Agents (PDIF)

• Activation/deactivation rates up to 200/sec** with performance accelerator







• Packet Loss

• 3GPP:MOBIKEMicro Mobility


• 3GPP2: CDMA-WiFi HandoverIntra-PDIF MobilityMIPMIP IPSecMOBIKE


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dynamiC ipSeC teSt appLiCationThe Landslide Dynamic IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) Option tests the performance and accuracy of IPSec transactions and models the customer experience when using secure transmissions. The IPSec option can be used with any Spirent wireless packet data test application.

IPSec protects traffic between two peers by authenticating the sender, ensuring packet integ-rity and by encrypting the packets. A peer is any network element with IPSec capability. A security gateway, Home Agent and GGSN are considered peers. Two such peers negotiate one or more Security Associations (SA), which consists of keys that allow the peers to tunnel traffic over IPv4 or IPv6. The user may define IKE authentication and encryption methods, and provision each of the SAs (tunnels). A combination of protocol type, payload ID destination and ESP data mode determines which packets are protected by each SA. Landslide allows the user to generate RSA public and private keys and signed X.509 certificates with the Certificate Authority (CA) that runs on the test server. Users may also import their own keys and certificates.

Each Landslide test server uses an IPSec accelerator card for testing. This card supports dynamic IPSec tunnels. The Dynamic IPSec Option encrypts basic or advanced data in the Landslide applications. IPSec tunnels are established when the emulated sessions are activated and torn down when the emulated sessions are deactivated. Dynamic IPSec can also be used to encrypt control traffic; for example, between a Diameter Client and a Diameter server.


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• Up to 200,000 simultaneous tunnels (w/o certificates)

• Up to 100,000 simultaneous tunnels (with certificates)

• Up to 4 tunnels per emulated node

• Up to 200 SAs per second using pre-shared key

• Up to 100 SAs per second using certificates


reportS and meaSurementSThe IPSec counters and measurements provided by Landslide are in addition to the measurements maintained for the application. A comprehensive set of IPSec counters, including average IKE connect times, Phase 1 and Phase 2 attempts and successes and number of packets encrypted/decrypted is provided.

• IKE Versions: IKEv1 and IKEv2

• IKE Phase 1 types (IKEv1): Main and Aggressive

• Authentication Options:IKE with pre-shared keyIKE with RSAPre-provisioned

• Authentication Types:HMAC96-MD5HMAC96-SHA1AES-XCBC-MAC96

• Encryption Key Types:NULL3DESAES128AES192AES256

• Oakley Group Type:Group 768Group 1024Group 1536Group 2048

• RSA Keys Supported:Private RSAPublic RSA509 Certificate

• ESP Modes:TransportTunnel

• EAP Authentication:MD5GTCSIMAKAMSCHAPv2TLS


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node emuLatorSIn addition to the test applications previously described, Landslide provides several node emulators to facilitate testing and reduce the need for additional network elements in the lab.

aaa Server emulator

The AAA Server Emulation feature may be added to any Landslide test application. This emulator replaces the real AAA server with its limitations, thus allowing more accurate DUT performance measurements.

pCrF node emulator

With the PCRF node emulation capability, the user can emulate the PCRF and thus provide a configuration in which an AGW and AF can be tested (including a WiMAX ASN).

ggSn node emulator

The GGSN node emulation capability allows Landslide to emulate a stand-alone GGSN. This emulator can be used for testing SGSNs, Firewalls and other devices that communicate with a GGSN.

CgF Server emulator

The CGF emulation capability can be used with the GGSN performance test application, the UMTS performance test application, or it can be used as a stand-alone application supporting real SGSNs and GGSNs. The CGF emulator allows the user to test the SGSN or GGSN without a real CGF server, ensuring the CGF server does not become a bottleneck when measuring performance.

diameter Credit Control Server emulator

The DCCA server emulation feature allows an equipment vendor or service provider to emulate a DCCA server in order to more accurately measure the performance of a device under test without the performance being slowed by a real DCCA server in the network. It also eliminates the need for a real DCCA server in the lab.

dhCp Server emulator

With the DHCP Server Emulation feature, users can add a DHCP Server Node test case to the test session to provide simple IP address allocation services to clients either directly or via a relay agent. Both IPv4 and IPv6 are supported.

home agent emulator

Allows Landslide emulation of stand-alone Home Agent. The emulated HA does not provide an interface to a AAA server.

SgSn node emulator

The SGSN node emulation capability allows the Landslide to emulate a stand-alone SGSN, supporting Iu/Gb, Gn and Gi (combined SGSN/GGSN emulation) interfaces. This emulator can be used for testing 2G/3G RANs, Firewalls and other devices that communicate over the Gi interface in the case of combined SGSN/GGSN emulation.

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LandSLide uSe CaSeS

uSe CaSe > 1a nem is developing an aSn gateway at one site and a CSn at another facility. both labs need to benchmark their respective device’s maximum number of subscribers and connection rates, but neither lab has the other’s node (i.e. the aSn gateway is not available in the CSn lab and vice versa).

Solution: With a single Landslide Manager and two Landslide Test Servers, one located in the ASN GW lab and the other in the CSN Lab, the customer can load each node with up to 200,000 mobile subscribers (using performance accelerator). The customer would need the ASN GW application, the CSN application and the AAA server emulation. If capacity beyond 200,000 mobile subscribers is required then additional test servers would be needed.

uSe CaSe > 2a service provider is having a bake-off between umtS nems and needs to determine the performance characteristics of the devices from each vendor. they have not made a purchasing decision yet, therefore they have no equipment in their labs. the service provider has defined the minimum performance characteristics they require from the nem.

Solution: With a common test plan and test cases, a Landslide system (complete with a Manager and multiple Test Servers) goes on a traveling road show. At each vendor the Landslide is setup and connected to the devices under test. The same test suite is run at each vendor and the results are saved for comparison by the service provider. Since the NEMs also have a Landslide test system of their own, test suites that uncover issues are exported so that the NEM can resolve any issue and re-execute the problematic test. Landslide applications needed are the UMTS application, IP Data application (for advanced data), and, possibly, the AAA server emulation.

uSe CaSe > 3a nem is developing a complete set of Lte nodes (mme, Serving gateway, pdn gateway, etc.) and needs to perform load testing. they also need to ensure that 3g SgSns can connect into their Lte core but do not have an SgSn.

Solution: A Landslide system with the LTE MME and LTE Gateway test applications can be used. This allows the customer to test their MMEs and Gateways in nodal configurations, as well as end-to-end network configurations. The addition of the IP Data Application provides the ability to generate large amounts of stateful user plane traffic – in both the nodal and end-to-end scenarios.

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LandSLide teSt Server SpeCiFiCationS SummaryThe following table shows the maximum number of sessions/subscribers supported by a single Landslide test server. Note that these specifications are based on Landslide release 7.0 and specific test configurations. These specifications may change without notice. Contact your Spirent Communications sales representative if you have any questions regarding availability, price, or performance.

application/Featuremax. Sessions w/o performance accelerator

max. activation rate w/o performance accelerator

max. Sessions with performance accelerator

max. activation rate with performance accelerator

AAA 400,000 1,500/sec 800,000 3,000/sec

ASN Gateway 100,000 1,000/sec 200,000 2,000/sec

CSN 100,000 1,000/sec 200,000 2,000/sec

CDMA FA / PDSN 200,000 1,000/sec 400,000 2,000/sec

CDMA HA 400,000 4,000/sec 800,000 8,000/sec

PCF 200,000 1,000/sec 400,000 2,000/sec

DCCA 400,000 1,000/sec 800,000 2,000/sec

GPRS 400,000 2,000/sec 800,000 4,000/sec

UMTS 150,000 1,000/sec 300,000 2,000/sec

IP Application 400,000 1,000/sec 800,000 2,000/sec

L2TP w/o IP Sec 200,000 1,000/sec 400,000 2,000/sec

L2TP with IP Sec 200,000 200/sec 400,000 200/sec

LTE MME 100,000 1,000/sec 200,000 2,000/sec

LTE GW 100,000 1,000/sec 200,000 2,000/sec

Mobile IPv4 - FA 400,000 1,000/sec 800,000 2,000/sec

Mobile IPv4 - HA 400,000 4,000/sec 800,000 8,000/sec

Mobile IPv6 - HA 400,000 1,000/sec 800,000 2,000/sec

Mobile IPv6 - CN 400,000 1,000/sec 800,000 2,000/sec

PCRF 200,000 1,000/sec 400,000 2,000/sec

PDG 200,000 200/sec 400,000 200/sec

PDIF 200,000 200/sec 400,000 200/sec

IP Sec 200,000 tunnels with pre-shared keys, 100,000

with certificates

200/sec with pre-shared keys, 100/sec with

certificates

400,000 tunnels with pre-shared keys, 200,000

with certificates

200/sec with pre-shared keys, 100/sec with

certificates

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Information about Spirent Communications and its products and services can be found on the main company website at http://www.spirent.com.

Spirent Communications, Inc. 1325 Borregas Avenue Sunnyvale, CA 94089 USA

Sales and [email protected]

americasT: +1 800.SPIRENT+818 676.2683

europe, middle east, africaT: +33 16137.2250

asia pacificT: +852 2511.3822

The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Spirent Communications. The information in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable; however, Spirent Communications assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in the document.

teChniCaL Support To obtain technical support for any Spirent Communications product, please contact our Support Services department using any of the following methods:

The latest versions of user manuals, application notes and software and firmware updates are available on the Spirent Communications support website at http://support.spirent.com.

americas europe, africa, middle east asia pacific

E-mail: [email protected]: http://support.spirent.com/Toll Free: +1 800-SPIRENT (+1 800-774-7368) (US and Canada)

Phone: +1 818-676-2616Fax: +1 818-880-9154Hours: Monday through Friday, 05:30 to 18:00 Pacific Time

E-mail: [email protected]: http://support.spirent.comPhone: +33 (0) 1 61 37 22 70Fax: +33 (0) 1 61 37 22 51Hours: Monday through Thursday 09:00 to 18:00, 9:00 to 17:00 Friday, Paris Time

E-mail: [email protected]: http://support.spirent.comPhone: 400 810 9529 (mainland China only)Phone: +86 400 810 9529 (outside China)Fax: +86 10 8233 0022Hours: Monday through Friday, 09:00 to 18:00 Beijing Time

ameriCaS 1-800-SPIRENT • +1-818-676-2683 • [email protected]

europe and the middLe eaSt +44 (0) 1293 767979 • [email protected]

aSia and the paCiFiC +86-10-8518-2539 • [email protected]

© 2009 Spirent Communications, Inc. All of the company names and/or brand names and/or product names referred to in this document, in particular the name “Spirent” and its logo device, are either registered trademarks or trademarks pending registration in accordance with relevant national laws. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice.

Rev. A 08/09

Landslide Brochure

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