Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers. Objectives Examine the current distribution of...
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![Page 1: Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers. Objectives Examine the current distribution of mountain glaciers and to comment on the Late Cenozoic extent.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d1e5503460f949f1e0b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers
![Page 2: Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers. Objectives Examine the current distribution of mountain glaciers and to comment on the Late Cenozoic extent.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d1e5503460f949f1e0b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Objectives
• Examine the current distribution of mountain glaciers and to comment on the Late Cenozoic extent of these glaciers
• Describe the characteristic landforms produced by mountain glacier erosion
• Discuss the landforms produced by glacial deposition in mountain landscapes
![Page 3: Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers. Objectives Examine the current distribution of mountain glaciers and to comment on the Late Cenozoic extent.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d1e5503460f949f1e0b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Global Distribution of Mountain Glaciers • North America– Major clusters lie in the
Arctic islands of Canada, southeastern Alaska, Canada’s Yukon & Coast Mountains of British Columbia, and Canadian Rocky Mountains
• South America– Just south of 45°S in
southern Andes of Chile
![Page 4: Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers. Objectives Examine the current distribution of mountain glaciers and to comment on the Late Cenozoic extent.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d1e5503460f949f1e0b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Global Distribution of Mountain Glaciers
• Africa– Only two exist• Mt. Kilimanjaro• Mt. Kenya
• New Zealand– Occur in Southern Alps– Several glaciers still exist
around Mt. Cook
![Page 5: Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers. Objectives Examine the current distribution of mountain glaciers and to comment on the Late Cenozoic extent.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d1e5503460f949f1e0b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Global Distribution of Mountain Glaciers
• European Alps– Most famous– Extends from
southeastern France to Swiss-Italian border
– Mont Blanc is highest sitting at 4807 m (15,771 ft)
![Page 6: Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers. Objectives Examine the current distribution of mountain glaciers and to comment on the Late Cenozoic extent.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d1e5503460f949f1e0b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Global Distribution of Mountain Glaciers
• South-central Asian Alps– Largest mountain system– Extends from
Afghanistan to southwestern China
– World’s highest mountain – Mt. Everest 8850 m (29,035 ft)
![Page 7: Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers. Objectives Examine the current distribution of mountain glaciers and to comment on the Late Cenozoic extent.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d1e5503460f949f1e0b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Erosional Landforms of Mountain Glaciers
• Glacial Troughs – widening of valley bottom producing a U-shaped valley
![Page 8: Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers. Objectives Examine the current distribution of mountain glaciers and to comment on the Late Cenozoic extent.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d1e5503460f949f1e0b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Erosional Landforms of Mountain Glaciers• Truncated Spurs– ridge of land is cut off
producing a blunt-ended ridge; caused by erosion of moving glaciers
• Hanging Valley– Tributary valley sits
higher than main valley floor
– Marked by scenic waterfall
![Page 9: Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers. Objectives Examine the current distribution of mountain glaciers and to comment on the Late Cenozoic extent.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d1e5503460f949f1e0b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Formation of High-Mountain Landforms
• Accumulation of snow• Downslope movement
of ice under gravity• Glacial erosion occurs• Transforms source
areas of glaciers
![Page 10: Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers. Objectives Examine the current distribution of mountain glaciers and to comment on the Late Cenozoic extent.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d1e5503460f949f1e0b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
High-Mountain Landforms
• Cirques – amphitheater-like landform; bowl-shaped, steep-sided depression in bedrock
![Page 11: Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers. Objectives Examine the current distribution of mountain glaciers and to comment on the Late Cenozoic extent.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d1e5503460f949f1e0b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
High-Mountain Landforms• Horn– Multiple cirque develop around mountain peak– Steep-sided, sharp-edged peak remains
![Page 12: Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers. Objectives Examine the current distribution of mountain glaciers and to comment on the Late Cenozoic extent.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d1e5503460f949f1e0b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
High-Mountain Landforms• Aretes– Razor-sharp, jagged
ridges rising above glacial troughs
– Forms at the interaction of two large cirques
• Rock Steps– Step-like profile
formed by differential resistance
![Page 13: Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers. Objectives Examine the current distribution of mountain glaciers and to comment on the Late Cenozoic extent.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d1e5503460f949f1e0b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
High-Mountain LandformsGlacial Lakes are depressions formed by glacial erosion and filled by water during interglacial period•Tarns– Lakes dammed up behind edge of cirque
![Page 14: Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers. Objectives Examine the current distribution of mountain glaciers and to comment on the Late Cenozoic extent.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d1e5503460f949f1e0b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
High-Mountain Landforms
• Fjords– Narrow, steep-sided, elongated ocean inlet– Area where glacial troughs inundated by seawater
![Page 15: Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers. Objectives Examine the current distribution of mountain glaciers and to comment on the Late Cenozoic extent.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d1e5503460f949f1e0b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Depositional Landforms of Mountain Glaciers
• Rock Flour– Grounded up, fine-grained sediment
• Lateral Moraines– Ridge of debris located along both sides of a glacier
• Medial Moraines– Linear debris marked the boundary between two glaciers
![Page 16: Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers. Objectives Examine the current distribution of mountain glaciers and to comment on the Late Cenozoic extent.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d1e5503460f949f1e0b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Depositional Landforms of Mountain Glaciers
![Page 17: Landforms and Landscapes of Mountain Glaciers. Objectives Examine the current distribution of mountain glaciers and to comment on the Late Cenozoic extent.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d1e5503460f949f1e0b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Postglacial Landscape Change
• Glacial areas are not stable• Modifications are quite rapid• Produce scenic areas