LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor...

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LANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019

Transcript of LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor...

Page 1: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

LANDFORMLexicons

LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019

Page 2: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

Alluvial FanA land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials such as rocks, gravel, and silt, are deposited onto land as a result of decreasing or stopped water flow from a river or stream source.

Altitude (elevation)The height above sea level.

By Blair Allen By Blair Allen

ArchipelagoA group of many islands.

ArêteA group sharp ridges of rocks on mountain tops usually caused by melting glaciers.

Page 3: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

Aseismic RidgeChain of sea-mounts under the ocean created by a hot-spot under the Earth’s crust.

ArroyoA creek that is sometimes dry during the year from not having a constant water source such as rain.

By Blair Allen

BadlandsBarren, battered and eroded land from water and shaped with the help of wearing and wind-driven sand and rain.

BarchanA sand dune that crescent-shape that faces the wind. The convex shape is formed by the constant blow of wind in one direction.

By Blair Allen

Page 4: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

Barrier IslandAn island or group of island, usually in the ocean, that protects the nearby mainland coast from erosion.

BasinAn area of land largely enclosed by higher land.

By Blair Allen

By Kitty Cheung

BayPart of a body of salt water that reaches into the land; usually smaller than a gulf.

BayouA slow moving body of water in a low lying area, usually near the coast, with swamp or marshland in some portions of the shore-line.

By Kitty Cheung

Page 5: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

BeachA sloping shoreline consisting of sand, gravel, soil or other sedi-ment.

Beach CuspsBeach formation in the form of an arc with a cusp or point at each end.

By Kitty Cheung

Beach RidgeElevated formation of sand or other beach material running par-allel to a shoreline.

BluffA cliff looking over a body of water or plain.

By Kitty Cheung

Page 6: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

Branch (tributary)A river or stream that flows into a larger river or stream.

BlowholeA hole connected to a cave that is attached to a water system that builds up pressure through waves, current or wind. When the pressure is great enough, water is release, usually in a spouting manner.

By Kitty Cheung

BlowoutA depression or a major loss in vegetation in the ground where the wind has blown away sand or topsoil.

Braided RiverA river that has three or move channels that come back togeth-er or drain into the same body of water.

By Abraham Covarrubias

Page 7: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

ButteA rock formation with vertical or nearly vertical sides that is flat on top and taller than it is wide.

CanalA man-made waterway connecting two bodies of water and is designed to shorten travel time or irrigate.

By Abraham Covarrubias By Abraham Covarrubias

CanyonNarrow valley with steep sides; usually created by erosion.

CapeA curved or hooked piece of land extending into a body of wa-ter.

Page 8: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

CaveA hallow space in the ground or mountain with an opening to enter.

ChannelA narrow deep waterway connecting two larger bodies of wa-ter; the deepest part of the waterway.

By Abraham Covarrubias

ClimateThe pattern of weather conditions (temperature, precipitation) over a long period of time.

By Abraham Covarrubias

CliffA high, steep slope of rock or soil.

By Bryan Covarrubias

Page 9: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

ConfluenceTwo or more bodies of water meet and their waters mix.

ContinentOne of the seven largest bodies of land on earth

By Bryan Covarrubias

Continental ShelfPlateau of land surface into the ocean but underwater extend-ing from a continent.

CoveA small bay with a restricted entrance.

By Bryan Covarrubias

Page 10: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

Crater LakeA crater or caldera filled with water caused by a volcano erup-tion or meteor impact.

CrevasseA large crack in a glacier that can be seen from the surface.

By Bryan Covarrubias

CuestaA gentle ground slope with a cliff.

CurrentThe flow of a stream of water.

By Bryan Covarrubias

Page 11: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

DamA wall built across a stream or river to hold back water.

DeltaLand built up by deposits of sand and silt at the mouth of some rivers.

By Brian Espinoza By Brian Espinoza

DesertDry, barren region usually sandy and without trees, little rainfall or practical use of land unless irrigated.

DivideThe highest ridge of land separating river basins

Page 12: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

DomeOval or round land formation that is elevated from the surround-ing areas.

DownstreamThe direction of a river’s flow; toward the mouth of the river.

By Brian Espinoza

By Brian Espinoza

Drainage Basin & Dry LakeAll the water in the river exiting at a point usually into another water system like the ocean, lake or another river.

By Ignacio Flores-Contreras

DuneA pile of sand created by wind or waves (underwater dunes).

Page 13: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

EstuaryWhere a river runs into the ocean or other types of salt water.

EscarpmentThe edge of a cliff with a steep slope.

By Ignacio Flores-Contreras By Ignacio Flores-Contreras

FaultA fracture in the rocks along which there has been movement.

FjordA narrow inlet of the sea between high banks or cliffs created by glaciers.

Page 14: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

Flats or FlatA floodplain or former floodplain that has a flat ground surface.

FloodplainA flat area of land around a river that floods when the river gets high.

By Ignacio Flores-Contreras

By Ignacio Flores-Contreras

ForestA large tract of land covered with trees and underbrush; exten-sive wooded area.

ForkThe place where a stream or tributary joins a river

By Moises Gomez

Page 15: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

GeoA narrow inlet in a cliff usually caused by waves or glaciers.

GeyserAn opening in the ground that ejects hot water and steam due to volcanic activity.

By Moises Gomez By Moises Gomez

GlacierA large body of slow moving ice which alters the land around it through displacement

Glacier CavesA cave at the bottom of a glacier.

Page 16: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

GlenA long and deep valley usually with steep sides. See also dale and valley.

GullyA channel cut in the hillside or mountainside.

By Moises Gomez By Moises Gomez

GulfA part of a sea or ocean that reaches into land; usually larger than a bay.

GorgeA deep valley with steep rocks on each side. Also referred to as a valley or canyon.

Page 17: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

GrabenA ground depression between two faults.

GuyotA flat top seamount that is or once had volcanic activity.

By Ida Li By Ida Li

Hanging ValleyA valley that is above another valley usually separated by a cliff.

HarborA sheltered area of water where ships may anchor safely.

Page 18: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

HeadlandA large area of land extending into a large area of water.

HemisphereHalf of the earth usually referred to as eastern or western; north-ern or southern.

By Ida Li By Ida Li

HighlandAn area of hills, plateaus, and mountains.

HillA raised part of the earth’s surface with sloping sides; old moun-tain which because of erosion has become rounder and short-er.

Page 19: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

HogbackAn exposed rock range caused by erosion.

HoodooAn irregular shaped rock formation that is tall and pillar-like.

By Ida Li

By Gia Menchaca

IcebergA large mass of floating ice that has broken off from a glacier, most of this is underwater.

InletA small part of a body of water that reaches into a coast.

By Gia Menchaca

Page 20: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

IslandAn area of land completely surrounded by water.

IsletAn island that is uninhabitable, usually all rock with little vegeta-tion.

By Gia Menchaca By Gia Menchaca

IsthmusA narrow strip of land with water on both sides connecting two larger pieces of land.

KarstA soluble rock landscape shaped through erosion.

Page 21: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

LakeA large body of water surrounded by land.

LatitudeImaginary lines on a globe or map used to measure distance from the equator; parallel lines running east and west.

By Gia Menchaca By Khoa Nguyen

Lava LakeMolten lava in a crater or vent (similar to a lake filled with lava).

Lava FieldAn area of land covered by lava flow.

Page 22: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

Lava SpineVertical flowing lava that grows, usually in a sharp tower like shape.

LongitudeImaginary lines on a globe or map used to measure distance from the Prime Meridian; lines running from pole to pole.

By Khoa Nguyen By Khoa Nguyen

LowlandAn area of low and usually level land.

MarshA wetland with grasses and little or no trees.

Page 23: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

MeanderA major bend in a river or stream.

MesaA land formation having a relatively flat top and steep rock walls.

By Khoa Nguyen

By Khoa Nguyen

MoraineDeposits of rock and sediment left from a former or receding glacier.

MountainHigh, rocky land, usually with steep sides and a pointed or rounded top, higher than a hill By Ricardo Oceguera

Page 24: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

Mountain PassThe highest point in a mountain range that is passable by foot.

Mountain RangeA long chain of mountains; a row of connected mountains.

By Ricardo Oceguera By Ricardo Oceguera

Mouth (of a river)Place where a river empties into a larger body of water; the end of a river.

Mud VolcanoGeothermal heated mud that bubbles like lava in a volcano.

Page 25: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

Natural ArchRock that forms together with a natural rock bridge usually caused by erosion.

OasisA fertile place in the desert where there is water and some veg-etation

By Ricardo Oceguera By Ricardo Oceguera

OceanA largest body of salt water; these cover 3/4 of the earth’s sur-face.

Oceanic BasinAll the land in each specific ocean.

Page 26: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

Oceanic PlateauAn elevated area of the sea-floor that is higher than the sur-rounding area.

Oxbow LakeA former meander of a river that has separated into a curved lake.

By Lydia Oweis By Lydia Oweis

PeninsulaA piece of land that extends into a body of water and is sur-rounded on three sides by water.

Pit CraterA hole or crater with steep sides caused by volcanic activity.

Page 27: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

PlainA broad, flat or gently rolling area; usually low in elevation.

PlateauFlat highland area with one steep face; elevated plain.

By Lydia Oweis By Lydia Oweis

Plunge PoolA deep area of water under the waterfall.

PondA small body of water surrounded by land.

Page 28: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

PortA man-made place along the coastline where ships can load and unload cargo; not a natural harbor.

PotholeA hole in an exposed layer of rock that created by a river’s flowing water.

By Lydia Oweis

By Benjamin Zachariah

Prairie a large plains region with tall grass.

Raised Beach an area of land above the shore that is higher than high tide.

By Benjamin Zachariah

Page 29: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

Rapidsa part of a river, generally shallow, where the currents move swiftly over rocks.

Ravinea smaller form of a valley with steep sides.

By Benjamin Zachariah By Benjamin Zachariah

Reef: a ridge of rock or sand at or near the surface of the water

Reservoir: a lake where water is collected and stored for future use.

Page 30: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

Riffle: a shallow area of a river, lake or stream that has ripples caused usually by a rocky surface.

River DeltaA branching river extending into another body of water.

By Benjamin Zachariah

By Arielle Talley

SeaA large body of water, usually salt water, partly or completely surrounded by land.

SoundA wide channel connecting two bodies of water or an inlet be-tween the mainland and islands By Arielle Talley

Page 31: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

Source (of a river)The place where a river or stream begins.

StraitA narrow waterway connecting two larger bodies of water.

Rivera large stream of water flowing through the land into a lake, ocean, or other body of water.

By Arielle Talley

Rift Valley two separating tectonic plates forming a valley by the land falling.

By Arielle Talley

Page 32: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

SwampAn area of land that is always soaked with water; low, wet land that supports grass and trees.

By Ramon Napoles

SinkholeCollapsed limestone or other soft rock that forms a hole on the earth’s surface.

By Ramon Napoles

TerraceA flat area of land like a step on landforms like a mountain, valley or beach.

TideThe regular rising and falling of the water of the oceans and wa-ters connected to the ocean.

Page 33: LANDFORM - California State Polytechnic University, PomonaLANDFORM Lexicons LA1121L, Professor Briggs, Spring 2019. Alluvial Fan A land formation that occurs when sedimentary materials

UpstreamThe direction toward a river’s source; opposite to the rivers’ flow.

ValleyLow land between hills or mountains.

By Ramon Napoles By Ramon Napoles

VolcanoA cone shaped mountain formed out of rock or ash thrown up from inside the earth, frequently with an opening or depression at the top.

WaterfallPlace where running water makes a sheer drop, usually over a cliff.